第九章+被动语态.ppt

第九章动词语态 动词的语态语态有两种 主动语态和被动语态 主语是动作的发出者为主动语态 Thecatcaughtthemouse 主语是动作的接受者为被动语态 Themousewascaughtbythemouse被动语态构成形式 用于十种时态 被动语态的用法 1 当不知道或不必知道动作的执行者时 例 2 当强调动作的承受者时 例 3 下列动词附带状语修饰时 用主动形式表达被动含义 sell read wash burn clean run ride等 例 Suchfilmsareproducedforchildren Theschoolisrunbythetradeunion Thetelegramreadsasfollow 4 当begin end stop open close shut operate等动词表示 开始 结束 关 停 转 启动 等意义时 主动形式表达被动含义 例 Thelibraryclosesatsixp m 5 当breakout takeplace shutoff turnoff workout等词组表示 发生 关闭 制订 等意义时 主动形式表达被动含义 例 Theplanworkedoutsuccessfully 6 当print build burn show等词用于进行时态时 其主动形式表示被动含义 例 7 seat lose charge engage drink dress等词常用主动形式表示被动含义 例 Thefilmisshowingintown Thegirlwaslostinthewoods Thegirlloseherselfinthewoods Thesingerwasdressedinwhiteshortskirt Thesingerdressedherselfinawhiteshortskirt 典型考题 1 Yourhairwants You dbetterhaveitdonetomorrow A CutB tocutC cuttingD beingcut C 英语中sth Wants needs doing结构表示被动含义 2 Thefifthgenerationcomputers withartificialintelligence andperfectednow developedB havedevelopedC arebeingdevelopedD willhavebeendeveloped Theteacheraskedthestudentstothinkbythemselves Ihaveseenachimpuseastickasatooltoeattermites Hetoldmewhentheaccidenthappened Theyshouldcriticizemeforthat Weoftenrefertothosebooks Thenursetakesgoodcareofthechildren 1 若宾语补足语是不带to的不定式 变为被动语态时 该不定式前要加 to 此类动词为感官动词 feel hear help listento lookat make observe see notice watch Theteachermademegooutoftheclassroom Iwasmadetogooutoftheclassroom bytheteacher Wesawhimplayfootballontheplayground Hewasseentoplayfootballontheplayground 2 情态动词 be 过去分词 构成被动语态Coalcanbeusedtoproduceelectricityforagricultureandindustry 3 表示 据说 或 相信 的词组believe consider declare expect feel report say see suppose think understandItissaidthat 据说Itisreportedthat 据报道Itisbelievedthat 大家相信Itishopedthat 大家希望Itiswellknownthat 众所周知 Itisthoughtthat 大家认为Itissuggestedthat 据建议Itistakengrantedthat 被视为当然Ithasbeendecidedthat 大家决定Itmustberememberthat 务必记住的是ItissaidthatshewillleaveforWuhanonTuesday 4 besupposedto1 besaidto据说Heissupposedtohavestolen 1 000 2 计划 安排Thetrainwassupposedtoarriveat11 30 butitwas40minuteslate 3 benotsupposedto表示不允许等You renotsupposedtoparkhere 5 动词get代替beTherewasafightatthepub butfortunatelynobodygothurt Didanyofthesehousesgetdamagedinthestormlastnight 1 Itissaidthatanewrobot byhiminafewdays A designedB hasbeendesignedC willbedesignedD willhavebeendesigned2 Wearelate Iexpectthefilm bythetimewegettothecinema A willalreadyhavestartedB wouldalreadyhavestartedC shallhavealreadystartedD hasalreadybeenstarted C A 3 Shewillstopshowingoffifnonotice ofher A istakenB takesC willbetakenD hastaken4 Diamond inBrazilin1971 A isfoundB hasbeenfoundC wasfoundD hadbeenfound A C 5 Haveyoumovedintothenewflat Notyet Theroom A hasbeenpaintedB ispaintedC paintsD isbeingpainted6 Mypictures untilnextFriday A won tdevelopB aren tdevelopedC don tdevelopD won tbedeveloped D D 7 Tim sincehelosthisjobthreeweeksago A hadbeenunemployedB wasunemployedC hasbeenunemployedD hasunemployed8 Agreatnumberofcollegesanduniversities since1949 A hasbeenestablishB havebeenestablishedC haveestablishedD hadbeenestablished C B 9 I llhavetopushthecartothesideoftheroadbecausewe ifweleaveithere A wouldbefinedB willbefinedC willbeingfinedD willhavebeenfined10 twoticketsforthenewplayattheGrandTheatreonSaturday Shallwegoandseeittogether A TheyhavebeengivenB IhavebeengivenC IamgivenD Theyhavegiventome B B 11 Thesubjectoftheselectures bythelecturecommittee A isannouncedB havebeenannouncedC areannouncedD hasbeenannounced12 Ifoundanaspirinbottle droppedonthefloorofDavid sroom A wasB hadC hadbeenD is D C 13 Thegoods whenwearrivedattheairport A werejustunloadingB werejustbeenunloadingC hadjustunloadedD werejustbeingunloaded14 Ifone bypride hewillrejectusefuladviceandfriendlyassistance A overcomesB isovercomeC hasbeenovercomeD overcome D B 15 Mostenvironmentproblemsexistbecauseadequatemeasuresforpreventingthem takeninthepast A wasnotB werenotC werenotbeingD hadnotbeen16 Yououghttohaveputthemilkintherefrigerator now sour A IsmellB itissmeltC itsmellsD itissmelling B C 17 Aftertherace thecelebrationbegan A hadbeenwonB iswonC willbewonD hasbeenwon18 Hewashereforalittlewhile butIdon tknowwherehe now A isB wasC hadbeenD hasbeen A A 19 Theyoungteacherhas competent A beenprovedtobeB provedtobeC beenprovedD provedbeing20 Pluto theoutermostplanetofthesolarsystem photographicallyinMarch1930 A discoveredB wasdiscoveredC bydiscoveryD whendiscovered B B 21 Togetabetterviewofthestage A ourseatshadtobechangedB ourseatswerechangedC wehadtochangeourseatsD ourseatswerechangedbyus22 Aftersynthetic engineershadabetterchoiceofmaterial A createdB hascreatedC hasbeencreatedD hadbeencreated C D 24 Since1970 millionsofenthusiasts VitaminC whichtheybelievecanremedythecommoncold A havetakenB havebeentakenC havebeentakingD havebeentaking C 25 Idon tremember thechancetotrythismethod A havingbeengivenB tohavebeengivenC havinggivenD tohavegiven26 Wecouldasksomeonetodotheworkprivatelywithoutit A knowB beknownC beingknownD tobeknown C A 27 Theconstructionofthelaboratory bytheendofnextmonth A mustbecompletedB musthavebeencompletedC willbecompletingD willhavebeencompleting28 TheywouldtellhowtheAfrican onashiptoanAmericanport A wasbroughtB couldhavebeenbroughtC hadbeenbroughtD wastobebrought A C 29 Hedoesnotpossessabicycle thisoneheuses toPeter A isbelongedtoB belongedC belongsD isbelonging30 Negotiation againwithMoscowtomorrow agreateventwillbediscussedthen A istobeopenedB isonthepointofopeningC isgoingtoopenD opens C A 31 Thereasonforallthechangesbeingmade tousyet A hasnotexplainedB hasnotbeenexplainedC didnotexplainedD werenotexplained32 Experimentsinthephotographyofmovingobjects inboththeUnitedStatesandEuropewellbefore1900 A wereconductingB wereconductedC hadbeenconductedD hadconducted B C 33 Whenheturnedthecorner hefoundhimself byamaninblack A tailedB beentailedC wastailedD hadbeentailed34 Acandidateforthedemocraticpresidentialnomination atthismoment A isinterviewingB beinginterviewedC i