重庆中考考试说明中的介词复习解疑.doc

重庆中考考试说明中的介词解疑1. at 在 + 时间点at 7:00/ at the moment/ at noon + (小)地点/门牌 sit at the table/ arrive at the airport/ live at 366 Liangshan Road/ at home/ at the party/ at the school gate + 年龄/ 价格/ 速度/ 水平 at the age of five The train runs at 200 kilometers an hour. The house was sold at a price of 15000. + 某方面/ 某个点 point at/ laugh at/ be good at/ be surprised at/ + 抽象名词 表示从事某事 at work/ at school2. in 在内，用（语言） + 时间段（年/月/morning/ afternoon / evening/daytime /年代/年龄段.）in 2015/ in June / in the 1990s/ in his thirties 【辨析：in the night = at night】 + (大)地点、(相对封闭)地点 in the city/ in the countryside/ in the factory/ in the car/ in the street/ in the center + 语言 speak in English + 方式、途径、材料、颜色、服装等 in this way/ in a car/ write in blue ink/ the woman in blue/ in a hat/ in black pants + 一段时间 将来时，表后 Ill get home in an hour. + 某方面 in different ways do well in/ have trouble in/ succeed in + 方向 in all directions3. on 在上，在时候，关于 + 时间(与具体某天有关） on Monday/ on New Years Day/ on a rainy night + 地点 (垂直接触，面上) on the ground / on the road/ on the top/ on the corner + 地点（两地接壤） Chongqing lies on the east of Sichuan.【辨析：. on the farm/ in the field. 果实on the tree /外来物in the tree . 洞、窗户in the wall/ 画、钟on the wall. 内容in the book/ 外来物in/on the book】 + 某方面 some advice on what to wear + 方向 on the left/right side + 交通方式 on foot/ on ones bike + Pandas live on bamboos. + on the radio/phone + on ones way home4. off 从离开， 脱离 fall off the bike5. up 往上，在上 go up the river6. down 往下 go down the street7. along 沿 go along the road8. over 在之上（正上方,不接触），越过 An old stone bridge was over the river. A lamp hung over the table. A UFO flew over this building just now.9. above 在之上，过于，超出(温度、高度等可比标准) Raise your arms above your head. The temperature will be above zero soon. 500 feet above the sea level10. below 在下面，少于（温度、高度等纵向可比标准） (above的反义词) The temperature is two degrees below zero.11. under 在下面 (垂直) on 的反义词 表地点 under the bed/ under a big tree 表数量There were under forty people at the meeting. / He must be under sixty.12. round/ around 围着，附近，在四处 They sat round/around the dinner table. The earth goes round/around the sun. Let me show you round/around the city. 【辨析：round可做形容词、副词、动词、名词，在BrE中做介词与around同；around只做介词和副词。】13. before 在前 Come back before 5 oclock, please.14. after 在之后 after ten hours/ after class/ after the meeting/ after coming here 【辨析：after+时间段，以过去某时为起点，用于过去时；in+时间段，以说话时或现在为起点，用于将来时；after + doing sth.没有时态限制。 He went back _ two days. He will go back _ two days. He will go back _ finishing it.15. behind 在后面 behind the door/ the other team/ you16. near 在附近 near the hospital/ 12 oclock17. beside 在旁边 beside his dad/ the river18. besides 除之外其余的也 He received some money besides these honors. The other families came as well besides Johns parents.19. except 除之外其余的都 You can have any of the cakes except this one.【辨析：We all agreed except him. 他不同意，我们都同意。We all agreed besides him. 他同意，我们也都同意。】20. among 在当中 （三者或以上人、物） He is the tallest among these students. The village lies among the hills.21. between 在之间 (两者) The bank between the bookstore and the hospital.22. during 在期间 during those days/ the summer holidays23. inside 在里边 Ill leave all the keys inside this box.24. outside 在外 Ill meet you outside the Chongbai Store.25. into 进入 Throw the basketball into the basket.26. from 从 Where are you from? keep away from /from morning to night / far from/ from house to house/ from door to door/ from now on/ from the top of the hill27. since 自从，自以来 + 时间点since 1990/ since 8:20 + 一段时间 + ago since two days ago28. for 为了 a plan for a holiday/ buy sth. for sb./ for expamle/ Its time for class. be for 支持 + 一段时间 for a long time/ for a while / for two years 【辨析：现在完成时中，for +一段时间= since + 一段时间 + ago I have taught here for 20 years/ since 20 years ago.】29. of 的 a picture of/ a cup of/ a pair of/ a friend of hers/ the color of/ the price of/.30. to 到，(表方向) 不定式小品词 + 人give sth. to sb./ speak to sb. + 地点 walk to/ point to/ from A to B/ come to the party + 时间 from 5:00 to 7:0031. toward(s) 朝 (表方向) All the windows face towards the river. He noticed two policemen coming towards him.32. as 因为， 和一样 + 形容词/副词 as good/soon/possible as + 职业/身份 as a student/ mother + 列举名词 such as + as a result of33. like 像 My mother has a car like yours. Whats the weather/your mom like?34. about 大约，关于，四处 about 10 oclock/ about 1000 students a book about politics We spent the whole afternoon walking about the town. 35. till/until 直到，直到为止 till 9:00/ until the post office36. against 反对 They will play against the team from No. 1 school . be against 反对37. with 和一起，带有（伴随），用 I played football with your brother. The book with a green cover is for you. Please fill the bowl with boiled water. You can eat noodles with chopsticks. with ones help fall in live with / be pleased/angry with38. without 没有，不带有 Humans cant live without water. He left without (saying) a word. I managed to get through the exam without too much trouble.39. by 在旁边，通过方式，用 She stood by the window looking out over the fields. I walked by the bank of China yesterday. They came in by the back door. Mom made the cake by hand. Most of us come by bus.【辨析：by bus/bike/train = on a bus/bike/train by car/plane/ship = in a car/plane/ship】 +（被动语态动作执行者） He was badly hurt by a dog. + 时间点 All the rooms need to be ready by next Friday.He had finished 20 novels by 2014. + day by day + by mistake40. through 通过，穿过 The ball went flying through the window. Mom had to push her way through the crowd to get to his son. walk through the street/river41. across 横过 He went acroos the street and bought a bag of salt. The only bridge across the river is broken.42. past 越过，晚于，过 + 时间 half past eight + 地点 Will you be going past my house on your way home?介词短语汇总介词和动词、形容词或名词相结合后，形成复合词，有特定的意思。如下： （1） 动词+介词（如：talk about，look at） （2） Be动词+形容词+介词（如：be kind of） （3） 介词+名词（如：at home，on foot，in time） 动词+介词 look up查看，查（字典）； play with sth.玩某物（玩耍）Dont play with fire.别玩火。 think of想起，想到；hear from sb.收到某人的信； talk about sth.谈论某事；talk to/with sb.和某人谈论； look at注视；listen to倾听；call on sb.拜访某人； arrive at/in 到达；take care of照顾；wait for等待；look for寻找 addto 加到上 agree with 同意(某人) ask for 询问 beginwith 从开始 break into 闯入 break off 打断 break out 爆发 bring down 降低bring in 引进bring up 教育，培养believe in 相信 build up 建起 burn down 烧光 call back 回电话 call for 要求约请 call in 召来call on 拜访,访问carry on 继续开展 carry out 实行开展check out 查明 结帐care for 喜欢clear up 整理，收拾come about 发生，产生 come across (偶然)遇见come out 出来come to 共计 达到 comparewith 与比较 compare to 比作cut off 切断 date from 始于 depend on 依靠 devote to 献于 die out 灭亡 divide up 分配dream of 梦想 fall off 下降 fall over 跌倒feed on 以为食get down to 专心于 get through 通过give in 让步，屈服 give out 分发 give up 放弃go abroad 出国go against 反对 go on with 继续go through 浏览 grow up 生长 hand down 传下来hear about 听说hold out 伸出 join up 连接起来keep off 让开，不接近 keep on 继续 lead to 导致live on 靠为生look down upon 看不起 look forward to 盼望look into 调查 look out 当心 look(a) round 仔细查看set off 动身set up 建立 show off 炫耀shut up 住口 speed up 加速 stand for 代表，象征stick to 坚持suffer from 遭受 talk of 谈论think of 考虑，想起 try out 试验 turn down 调低turn off 关掉worry about 担心 Be动词+形容词+介词 be kind to对（某人）亲切；be good at在做得好；擅长于 be late for迟到；be afraid of害怕； be absent from缺席；be proud of以为自豪； be found of 喜欢 be full of 充满 be interested in 对有兴趣 be keen on 热衷于 be confident in 对有信心 be short of 缺乏 be sick of 厌恶 be proud of 对感到骄傲 be loyal to 对忠诚 be ashamed of 为感到羞耻 be worried about 为担心 be aware of 意识到 be busy with 忙于(某事) be different from 和不同 be famous for 因而出名be sorry for sth.为抱歉； 介词+名词 1)英语中有大量成语由介词构成，单是一些常用介词就可构成大量成语： at: at a stretch 一连，连续地 at a time 一次，每次 at ease 稍息，安心 at first sight 一见(钟情) at first 最初，开始时 at heart 在内心 at home 在家，随便 at last 最后 at least 至少 at length 最后,详细地 at most 至多 at once 立即，同时 at peace(war) 处于和平(战争)状态 at play(work) 在玩耍(工作) at present 现在，目前 at random 随意地，胡乱地 at the risk of 冒的风险 at the same time (与此)同时 at the start 一开头 at the time 此刻，这时 at times 有时候 at will 任意地 by: by accident 偶然 by air 航空 by all means 想一切办法 by bus (plane, etc) 坐巴士(飞机等) by chance 偶然 by cheque 用支票 by choice 出于自愿 by daylight 在大白天 by day(night) 白天(夜间) by force 靠武力 by mistake 错误地，误把 by turns 轮流 by surprise 突然，出其不意 by the way 顺便说一句 in: in a sense 从某种意义上说 in addition(to) 此外(除之外) in advance 事前 in all 总共 in any case (event) 不管怎样，反正 in brief 简而言之 in case 要是，如果 in case of 在情况下 in comparison 比较起来 in danger 处于危险中 in debt 负债 in demand 有需求 in detail 详细地 in fact 实际上 in general 一般说来 in ones opinion 在(某人)看来 in order to (that) 以便，为了 in other words 换句话说 in part(s) 部分地 in person 亲自 in practice 实际上 in public(private) 公开(私下)地 in regard to 关于 in short 总之 in the end 最后 in the middle of 在中间 in time 及时地，经过一段时间 in vain 白白地，没有结果 on: on account of 由于 on behalf of 代表(某人) on board 在船(飞机)上 on condition 在条件下 on duty 值班 on fire 着火 on foot 步行 on guard 有警惕，值班 on hand 在身边 on holiday 在休假 on purpose 故意地 on sale 在出售 on strike