PETS5英语知识运用第三讲.doc

介词Excercises1. _ the former head of the Food Standards Agency, I am absolutely not anti-organic. I am pro accurate consumer information, pro healthy eating, and pro scientific analysis. Last week _ television I saw a woman say, I feel really guilty because I cannot afford organic food to feed my children a healthy diet. And that made me cross, _ she didnt need to buy organic food to give her children a healthy diet, although six _ 10 Americans who buy organic food believe its healthier. In eight countries which have looked _ this issue, in every case they have concluded there is no health benefit _ eating organic food compared _ conventional food.2. The industrial giants were once called Captains of Industry, a term of both respect and admiration _ the rich abundance created _ the industrialization of America. But the reputation of business enterpreneurs has risen and fallen _ successive generations of Americans. _ the turn of the 20th century, a group of young radical historians sharply criticized the ruin brought _ American values and morale _ ruthless business methods. _ a critical attitude already established the minds of Americans, the economic collapse and depression _ the 1930s further discredited industrial capitalism. It seemed to be a failed way of life, and one popular historian used a 19th century term, Robber Barons, to sum _ the elitism and thievery of the industrialists. 介词短语搭配必备4ahead of 比提前，比早at odds with 与争执，意见不一致apart from 除外；除外还as for 至于，关于as to 至于，关于aside from 除之外at the expense of 由付费；以为代价at the hands of 由某人或通过某人的机构完成at the mercy of 受支配at the risk of 冒之危险at the root of 的核心；的实质at the top of 在最高地位，在首位at variance with 和不符but for 若不是，倘没有by force of 由于，通过，以手段by means of 借助于by reason of 由于by virtue of 由于，因为by way of 通过的方法due to 由于，因为except for 除以外，要不是由于far from 远离for fear of 由于害怕；以免for lack of 因缺乏for the benefit of 为了的利益；为了让某人明白for the purpose of 为了for the sake of 由于，为了；为了的利益for want of 因缺乏in aid of 用以援助in accordance with 与一致；按照in case of 以防，万一in comparison with 与比较in compliance with 顺从in conformity with 和相适应in consequence of 由于in contact with 与联系in exchange for 交换，以此易彼in favour of 为而征战，参加支持的活动in league with 和联合着in light of 按照，根据in line with 符合in place of 代替in quest of 为了探索，为了寻求in reference to 关于in regard to 关于in relation to 关于，涉及，与相比in return for 作为.的报答in safe hands with 安然无恙in search of 寻找in spite of 尽管in step with 与保持一致in touch with 同.有联系in terms of 依照in the absence of 缺乏，不存在in the course of 在期间in the event of 万一，如果in (the) face of 面对in the interest of 为了的利益in the name of 以的名义，凭in the process of 在.的过程中in view of 考虑到，由于next to 贴近；次于notwithstanding 虽然, 尽管on account of 为了的缘故on behalf of 代表；为了的利益on pain of 违者以.论处on the eve of 在的前夜on the grounds of 根据, 以.为理由on the part of 就某人而言；某人有责任的on the score of 因为，为了理由on the strength of 居于，根据，凭借on top of 熟练掌握，在之上regardless of 不管；不顾under the aegis of 在的庇护下under the auspices of 由赞助或主办，在保护下with a view to 着眼于, 以.为目的, 考虑到with effect from 自起开始实施with respect to 关于，至于with the exception of 除以外(1) The government decision to raise taxes was at odds _ their policies on inflation.（与争执，意见不一致）(2) A claim might be made by dissentient member States that the actions of the organization were not in compliance _ its treaty.（顺从）(3) Prominent individuals were often prominent _ virtue of the groups of which they were leaders.（由于，因为）(4) In the philosophical tradition there have been two tendencies with respect _ epistemological concerns and concerns about the social order.（关于，至于）(5) Foreign powers had long penetrated the area in quest _ wealth or influence, or to counter the lusts of their adversaries.（为了探索，为了寻求）(6) Central coordination would keep the location of industry in step _ development.（与保持一致）(7) In both, the main class order can be criticized on the grounds _ the separation of Sciences from their respective Technologies.（根据, 以.为理由）(8) A research project has been set up under the auspices _ the University of Michigan.(9) It is well within reason to expect help in this regard in exchange _ further financial assistance.（交换，以此易彼）(10) The appeal of the petitioner in this case must be dismissed for want _ jurisdiction.（因缺乏）Passages1 As the Internet has rapidly become a mainstream medium, the social impact of the Internet has been a topic of ongoing debate. Some studies have found that Internet use is associated with reduced social networks and increased loneliness. Internet use appears to cause a decline in psychological well-being, (31) to research at Carnegie Mellon University. Even people (32) spent just a few hours a week (33) the Internet experienced more depression and loneliness (34) those who logged on less frequently, the two-year study showed. And it wasnt (35) people who were already feeling bad spent more time on the internet, (36) that using the Net actually appeared to (37) the bad feelings. Researchers are puzzling over the results, (38) were completely contrary (39) their expectation. They expected that the Net would (40) socially healthier than television, since the Net allows (41) to choose their information and to communicate (42) others. The fact (43) Internet use reduces time available for family and friends may account (44) the drop in well-being, researchers hypothesized. Faceless, bodiless virtual communication may be less psychologically satisfying than (45) conversation, and the relationships formed through it may be shallower. (46) possibility is that exposure (47) the wider world via the Net makes users less (48) with their lives. But its important to remember this is (49) about the technology; its about (50) it is used, says psychologist Christine Riley of Intel, one of the studys sponsors. It really points to the need for considering social factors in terms of how you design applications and services for technology.2. Space travel has never been billed (31) a first-class affair, but back in 1939 it was deemed downright uncivilized in the February 20, 1939, issue of TIME. The article summarized the British Interplanetary Societys prediction of (32) astronauts would forgo on their (33) to the moon. Topping the list: smoking and water for washing-and there would be just enough coffee to keep the navigators from (34) asleep over their interminable calculations.By 1951 space (35) plans had become more grandiose. Famed rocket scientist Wernher von Braun predicted (36) a successful Mars (37) could be accomplished with (38) few as 46 rockets in a round trip that would take three years, in a later (39) with TIME, yon Braun affirmed. Man belongs (40) he wants to go-and hell do plenty well when he gets there.With the (41) War heating up, the space (42) became an historic rivalry between United States and the Soviets. TIME heralded the (43) seven Mercury astronauts as men of destiny. Soviet astronaut Yuri Gagarin (