2010年全国高考英语试题及答案-安徽卷解析(精校版).doc

绝密启用前2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（安徽卷）英 语【名师点评】安徽高考英语试题强调学生灵活运用语言的能力，难度较去年略有所上升。单选题涉及到代词、动词短语、动词辨析、交际用语、名词辨析、强调句、时态、非谓语动词、情态动词、复合句，其中22、24题有一定难度。完形填空是一篇说明文，学生对其内容熟悉，易于理解，重点考查学生对语义、语境、语篇的深层次理解，能充分反映出考生综合运用英语的能力。阅读理解题材与体裁广泛，其选材多来源于真实生活，词汇量比去年有所增加。文章考查全面，有理解主旨、捕捉细节、推理判断、推断词义、理解文章结构、理解作者的意图和态度等题，难度适中。任务型读写题型设置中既有一定量的捕捉信息题，也有活用题和综合概括题。此题难度较去年略有下降。 书面表达为半开放式作文，话题为学生所熟悉，便于学生发散思维。本试卷分第卷（选择题）和第卷（非选择题）两部分，第卷第1页至第14页，第卷第15页至第16页。全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。考生注意事项：1.答题前，务必在试题卷、答题卡规定的地方填写自己的姓名、座位号，并认真核对答题卡上所粘贴的条形码中姓名、座位号与本人姓名、座位号是否一致。务必在答题卡背面规定的地方填写姓名和座位号后两位。2.答第卷时，每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3.答第卷时，必须使用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上书写，要求字体工整，笔迹清晰。作图题可先用铅笔在答题卡规定的位置绘出，确认后再用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔描清楚。务必在题号所指示的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。4.考试结束，务必将试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. $19.15B.$9.15C.$9.18答案是B。1. What will Dorothy do on the weekend?A. Go out with her friend.B. Work on her paper.C. Make some plans.2. What was the normal price of the T-shirt?A. $15.B. $30.C. $50.3. What has the woman decided to do on Sunday afternoon?A. To attend a wedding.B. To visit an exhibition.C. To meet a friend.4. When does the bank close on Sunday?A. At 1:00 pm.B. At 3:00 pm.C. At 4:00 pm.5. Where are the speakers?A. In a store.B. In a classroom.C. At a hotel.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答6、7题。6. What do we know about Nora?A. She prefers a room of her own.B. She likes to work with other girls.C. She lives near the city center.7.What is good about the flat？A. It has a large sitting room.B. It has good furnitureC. It has a big kitchen听第7段材料，回答8、9题。8.Where has Barbara been？A. MilanB. FlorenceC. Rome9.What has Barbara got in her suitcase？A. ShoesB. StonesC. Books听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. Who is making the telephone call？A. Thomas BrothersB. Mike LandonC. Jack Cooper11. What relation is the woman to Mr. Cooper？A. His wifeB. His bossC. His secretary12. What is the message about？A. A meetingB. A Visit to FranceC. The date for a trip听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Who could the man Speaker most probably be？A. A person who saw the accident B. The driver of the lorry C. A police officer14. What was Mrs. Franks doing when the accident took place？A. Walking along Churchill AvenueB. Getting ready to cross the road C. Standing outside a bank15.When did the accident happen？A. At about 8:00 amB. At about 9:00 amC. At about 10:00 am16. How did the accident happen？A. A lorry hit a carB. A car ran into a lorryC. A bank clerk rushed into the street 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What is the talk mainly about？A. The history of the school B. The courses for the termC. The plan for the day18.Where can the visitors learn about the subjects for new students？A. In the school hallB. In the science labsC. In the classrooms19.What can students in the practical areas？A. Take science coursesB. Enjoy excellent mealsC. Attend workshops20. When are the visitors expected to ask questions？A. During the lunch hourB. After the welcome speechC. Before the tour of the labs【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. A 9. A 10. B 11. C 12. A 13. C 14. C 15. B 16. B 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. A 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 单项填空（共15题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child _he or she wantsA. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 答案是B。21. You are a team star! Working with is rally your cup of tea. A. both B. either C. others D. the other【解析】不定代词题。根据上文，句意：与他人共事，对你来说实在不是问题。选others。【答案】C。22. No matter how low you consider yourself, there is always someone you wishing they were that high. A. getting rid of B. getting along with C.1ooking up to D. looking down upon【解析】动词短语辨析。根据主句谓语是现在时，wishing they were that high是虚拟句，意为：要是他们有那么高就好了。事实是他们没你高，就得仰视你，故选1ooking up to。【答案】C。23. How did you like Nicks performance last night? To be honest, his singing didnt to me much. A. appeal B. belong C. refer D. occur【解析】动词辨析题。即使没有第一句，选项B、C和D也说不太通选项句，【答案】A。24. Do you know if Linda is willing to take charge of the program? , does it? A. It takes no time B. It counts for nothing C. It doesnt hurt to ask D. It doesnt, make sense【解析】情景对话。根据上文“你知道Linda是否愿意负责这个项目？”【答案】C，问一下也无妨。25. I havent seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond .A. hearing B. strength C. recognition D. measure【解析】名词辨析题。句意：Sara还是小姑娘之后，我就没见过她了，她已变得认不出来了，选recognition。【答案】C。26. Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he . A. was busy B. is busy C had been busy D. will be busy【解析】时态题。根据上文对过去的非事实陈述虚拟，可知选项句陈述过去事实，故用一般过去时。句意：昨天Bob本来会帮助我们的，但他很忙。【答案】A。27. It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.A. where B. that C. when D. which【解析】强调句。去掉句首的It was和选项，剩余部分为正常句子： from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village the hostess cooked such a nice dinner，故选that。【答案】B。28. Were you surprised by the ending of the film? No. I the book, so I already knew the story. A. was reading B. had read C. am reading D. have read 【解析】时态题。根据选项动作在knew之前已完成，所以用过去完成时。【答案】B。29. The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, they have the interest. A. wherever B. whenever C. even if D. as if【解析】从句连词题。句意：工程师们忙得没有时间进行户外运动，即使他们有兴趣，选even if。【答案】C。30. He had wonderful childhood, _ with his mother to all corners of the word. A. travel B. to travel C. traveled D. traveling 【解析】非谓语动词题。选项与逻辑主语childhood是主动关系，选traveling。【答案】D。31. , she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile A. Shy and cautious B. Sensitive and thoughtful C. Honest and confident D. Lighthearted and optimistic【解析】形容词辨析。根据“她是那种通过微笑洒播阳光的人”，选Lighthearted and optimistic，【答案】D 。32. Jack described his father, who a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed man. A. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been【解析】情态动词题。根据“一个意志刚强的人”，推测“许多年前他的父亲一定是一个勇敢的孩子”，选must have been。【答案】D。33. Just use this room for the time being, and well offer you a larger one it becomes available A. as soon as B. unless C. as far as D. until【解析】从句连词题。句意：暂时就用这个房间，一有可用的，我们就给你提供一个更大的房间。选as soon as。【答案】A。34. Weve spent too much money recently. Well, it isnt surprising. Our friends and relatives around all the time. A. are coming B. had comeC. were coming D. have been coming【解析】时态题。根据上文是现在时，“亲戚朋友一直不断地来”是到现在为止反复发生的，选现在完成进行时We can use the present perfect progressive to talk about repeated actions and events牛津英语用法指南420.5。【答案】D。35. ? That would be great! Please drop me off at the library. A. Could you bring me the billB. Would you like me to give you a liftC. Could you tell me the postcode for ParisD. Would you like to have my e-mail address【解析】交际用语。根据答语“请在图书馆让我下车”，问句应是“你要我送你吗？”【答案】B。第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Most people give little thought to the Pens they write with, especially since the printer in modern homes and offices mean that very 36 things are handwritten. All too often, people buy a pen based only on 37 , and wonder why they are not satisfied 38 they begin to use it. However, buying a pen that youll enjoy is not 39 if you keep the following in mind. First of all, a pen should fit comfortably in your hand and be 40 to use. The thickness of the pen is the most important characteristic(特征) 4l comfort. Having a small hand and thick fingers, you may be comfortable with a thin pen. If you have a 42 hand and thicker fingers, you may 43 a fatter pen. The length of a pen can 44 influence comfort. A pen that is too 45 can easily feel top-heavy and unstable. Then, the writing point of the pen should 46 the ink to flow evenly(均匀地) while the pen remains in touch with the paper. 47 will make it possible for you to create a 48 line of writing. The point should also be sensitive enough to 49 ink from running when the pen is lifted. A point that does not block the 50 may leave drops of ink, 51 you pick the pen up and put it down again. 52 , the pen should make a thick, dark line. Fine-line pens may 53 bad handwriting, but fine, delicate lines do not commandThis is a question that has a close bearing on whether our Party and state will change political colour and should therefore command the attention of the entire Party. 这种制度问题，关系到党和国家是否改变颜色，必须引起全党的高度重视。 来源： 54 next to printed text, as, 55 , a signature on a printed letter. A broad line, on the other hand, gives an impression of confidence and authority (权威).36. A. many B. few C. pleasant D. important【解析】尤其由于现代家里和办公室里的打印机，意味着很少东西是手写的了。选few。【答案】B 。37. A. 1ooks B. reason C. value D. advantages【解析】经常是，人们买笔仅根据外观。选1ooks。【答案】A。 38. A. once B. if C. because D. though【解析】一旦开始用笔，他们不知道为什么不满意它。选once。【答案】A。 39. A. convenient B. easy C. hard D. difficult【解析】买一支你会喜欢的笔并不难，选difficult。【答案】D。 40. A. heavy B. easy C. hard D. safe【解析】笔应该拿在手中舒适，并好用。选easy。【答案】B。 41. A. taking B. finding C. determining D. seeking【解析】笔的粗细是决定舒适度的最重要的特征，选determining。【答案】C。42. A. stronger B. weaker C. smaller D.1arger【解析】与上句中的“small hand”对应，如果你的手大一点，选1arger。【答案】D。 43. A. prefer B. recommend C. prepare D. demand【解析】如果你手大手指粗，就“更愿”要粗点的笔。选prefer。【答案】A。 44. A. hardly B. also C. never D. still【解析】笔的长度也能影响舒适，选also。【答案】B。 45. A. thick B. light C. long D. soft【解析】太长的笔会觉得头重不稳，选long。【答案】C。46. A. change B. allow C. reduce D. press【解析】笔尖应该让墨水流畅，选allow。【答案】B。 47. A They B. One C. This D. Some【解析】这会使你，选This。【答案】C。48. A thin B. rough C. black D. smooth【解析】写出一笔流利的字，选smooth。【答案】D。49. A prevent B. free C. protect D. remove【解析】笔尖还应该灵敏得能防止漏墨水，选prevent。【答案】A。50. A way B. sight C. flow D. stream【解析】不阻挡墨水流动的笔尖可能漏墨水，选flow。【答案】C。51. A so B. as C. and D. Yet【解析】当你提起笔又放下时，选as。【答案】B。52. A Meanwhile B. Generally C. Afterwards D. Finally【解析】根据第二段首的First of all和第三段首的Then，最后该是Finally。【答案】D。53. A show up B. differ from C. break down D. compensate for【解析】线条好的笔可弥补书法差，选compensate for。【答案】D。 54. A attention B. support C. respect D. admission【解析】但在打印稿中，纤细精致的笔划引不起注意，选attention。【答案】A。55. A at most B. for example C. in brief D. on purpose【解析】例如，像打印信件上的签名，选for example。【答案】B。第三部分 阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThe engineer Camillo Oliver was 40 years old when he started the company in 1908. At his factory in Ivrea, he designed and produced the first Italian typewriter. Today the companys head office s still in Ivrea58, near Turin, but the company is much larger than it was in those days and there are offices all around the world.By 1930 there was a staff of 700 and the company turned out 13,000 machines a year56. Some went to customers in Italy, but Olivetti exported more typewriters to other countries.Camillos son, Adriano, started working for the company in 1924 and later he became the boss. He introduced a standard speed for the production line and he employed technology and design specialists. The company developed new and better typewriters and then calculators(计算机). In 1959 it produced the ELEA computer system. This was the first mainframe（主机）computer designed and made in Italy.After Adriano died in 1960, the company had a period of financial problems57. Other companies, especially the Japanese, made faster progress in electronic technology than the Italian company. In 1978, Carlo de Benedetti became the new boss. Olivetti increased its marking and service networks and made agreements with other companies to design and produce more advanced office equipment. Soon it became one of the worlds leading companies in information technology and communications. There are now five independent companies in the Olivetti group58one for personal computers, one for Systems and services, and two for telecommunications.56. From the text we learn that _.A. by 1930 Olivetti produced 13,000 typewriters a yearB. Olivetti earned more in the 1960s than in the 1950sC. some of Olivettis 700 staff regularly visited customers in ItalyD. Olivetti set up offices in other countries from the very beginning 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段首句“By 1930 there was a staff of 700 and the company turned out 13,000 machines a year”,【答案】A。57. What was probably the direct result of Olivettis falling behind in electronic technology?A. Adrianos death. B. A period of financial problems.C. Its faster progress. D. Its agreements with other companies.【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段首句“After Adriano died in 1960, the company had a period of financial problems”，【答案】B。58. What do we know about Olivetti?A. It produced the best typewriter in the world.B. It designed the worlds first mainframe computer.C. It exported more typewriters than other companies.D. It has five independent companies with its head office in Ivrea.【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Today the companys head office s still in Ivrea”，以及本文末的“There are now five independent companies in the Olivetti group”，【答案】D。59. The best title for the text would be _.A. The Origin of Olivetti B. The Success of OlivettiC. The History of Olivetti D. The Production of Olivetti【解析】主旨大意题。根据文中提到的“in 1908”、“ By 1930”、“ in 1924”、“ In 1959”和“ In 1978”等年份词语，【答案】C。BHave you ever wondered?1. Why do airplanes take longer to fly west than east?It can take five hours to go west-east from New York (NY) to London but seven hours to travel east-west from London to NY. The reason for the difference is an atmospheric phenomenon known as the jet（喷射）stream60. The jet stream is a very high altitude wind which always blows from the west to the east across the Atlantic. The planes moving at a constant air speed thus go faster in the west-east direction when they are moving with the wind than in the opposite direction.2. What would happen if the gravity on Earth was suddenly turned off?Supposing we could magically turn off gravity. Would buildings and other structures（建筑物）float away? What happened would depend on how strongly the things were attached to the Earth. The Earth is moving at quite a speed, moving at over a thousand miles per hour. If you turn something around your head on a string（细绳）, it goes around in a circle until you let go of the string. Then it flies off in a straight line. Switching off gravity would be like letting go of the string. Things not attached to the Earth would fly off in a straight line62. People in buildings would suddenly shoot upwards at a great speed until they hit the ceiling. Most things outside would fly off into space61.60. What information can we get from the first passage?A. It is the jet stream that affects how fast airplanes fly.B. Planes go slower when they are moving with the wind.C. It takes more time to fly from NY to London than from London to NY.D. The jet stream always blows from the east to the west across the Atlantic.【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段的“The reason for the difference is an atmospheric phenomenon known as the jet（喷射）stream”，【答案】A。61. The word “shoot” underlined in the 2nd passage probably means “_”.A. send for B. move quicklyC. come out D. grow quickly【解析】词义推测题。根据at a great speed以及上下文，shoot应和其上文的fly off以及下文的fly off近义，【答案】B。62. It can be inferred that without gravity _.A. buildings and other structures would float away B. trees and buildings would not so easily fly off C. something around your head would not float awayD. everything outside buildings would fly off into space【解析】推断题。根据第二段的“Things not attached to the Earth would fly off in a straight line”，树和建筑物是扎根在地里的，不易飞掉。【答案】B。63. Where can we most probably read this text?A. In a research paper. B. In a short story.C. In a travel magazine. D. In a students book【解析】两段文字的共同点是具有科普性，应排除选项A、B和C。【答案】D。CAmerican cities are similar to other cities around the world64: In every country, cities reflect the values of the culture. American cities are changing, just as American society is changing.After World War , the population of most large American cities decreased; however, the population in many Sun Belt cities increased. Los Angeles and Houston are cities where population shifts（转移）to and from the city reflect the changing values of American society. In the late 1940s and early 1950s, city residents（居民）became wealthier. They had more children so they needed more space. They moved out of their apartments in the city to buy their own homes. They bought houses in the suburbs（郊区）65.Now things are changing. The children of the people who left the cities in the 1950s are now adults. Many, unlike their pare