Spring实战——通过Java代码装配bean.doc

Spring实战通过Java代码装配bean基于注解的自动化注入固然优雅，但是它也有鞭长莫及的时候，这时候就来看看Java代码如何装配bean的。还记的上篇的配置类CDPlayerConfig是长这样的ConfigurationComponentScanpublic class CDPlayerConfig 有了这个万能的组件扫描注解，一切都是那么只能，只需要在bean类上加上如Component注解，Spring就会自动为该类创建相应的bean类。但是现在因为我们有一些第三方类库，我们没办法去深入类中加上这些标记了，所以ComponentScan就失去了威力和意义。 这篇的CDPlayerConfig应该长这样Configurationpublic class CDPlayerConfig Configuration注解表示该类是一个配置类。显然要创建的bean的信息是要放到这个类中的。基于其他类以及类中的方法不变比如CompactDisc, CDPlayer, SgtPeppers等。编写测试方法如下RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)ContextConfiguration(classes=CDPlayerConfig.class)public class CDPlayerTest Rule public final StandardOutputStreamLog log = new StandardOutputStreamLog(); Autowired private MediaPlayer player; Autowired private CompactDisc cd; Test public void cdShouldNotBeNull() assertNotNull(cd); Test public void play() player.play(); assertEquals( Playing Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band by The Beatlesrn, log.getLog(); 首先从代码来看就会出现如下的注入错误 这里显示MediaPlayer无法注入。同时运行程序得到结果如下Testing started at 0:20 .0:20:03: Executing external tasks cleanTest test.:cleanTest:compileJava:processResources UP-TO-DATE:classes:compileTestJava:processTestResources UP-TO-DATE:testClasses:test一月 15, 2017 12:20:06 上午 org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager retrieveTestExecutionListeners信息: Could not instantiate TestExecutionListener org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener. Specify custom listener classes or make the default listener classes (and their required dependencies) available. Offending class: javax/servlet/ServletContext一月 15, 2017 12:20:06 上午 org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager retrieveTestExecutionListeners信息: Could not instantiate TestExecutionListener org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener. Specify custom listener classes or make the default listener classes (and their required dependencies) available. Offending class: org/springframework/transaction/interceptor/TransactionAttributeSource一月 15, 2017 12:20:06 上午 org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext prepareRefresh信息: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext6adf0b01: startup date Sun Jan 15 00:20:06 CST 2017; root of context hierarchy一月 15, 2017 12:20:06 上午 org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager prepareTestInstance严重: Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener61c715e8 to prepare test instance soundsystem.CDPlayerTest1081b08corg.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name soundsystem.CDPlayerTest: Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private soundsystem.MediaPlayer soundsystem.CDPlayerTest.player; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type soundsystem.MediaPlayer found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:293) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1186) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireBeanProperties(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:384) at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:110) at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:75) at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:331) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:213) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:290) at ernal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:292) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:233) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:87) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:176) at ernal.tasks.testing.junit.JUnitTestClassExecuter.runTestClass(JUnitTestClassExecuter.java:105) at ernal.tasks.testing.junit.JUnitTestClassExecuter.execute(JUnitTestClassExecuter.java:56) at ernal.tasks.testing.junit.JUnitTestClassPcessTestClass(JUnitTestClassProcessor.java:64) at ernal.tasks.testing.SuiteTestClassPcessTestClass(SuiteTestClassProcessor.java:50) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497) at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:35) at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:24) at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ContextClassLoaderDispatch.dispatch(ContextClassLoaderDispatch.java:32) at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ProxyDispatchAdapter$DispatchingInvocationHandler.invoke(ProxyDispatchAdapter.java:93) at xy.$PcessTestClass(Unknown Source) at ernal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWcessTestClass(TestWorker.java:106) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497) at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:35) at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:24) at ernal.hub.MessageHub$Handler.run(MessageHub.java:360) at ernal.concurrent.ExecutorPolicy$CatchAndRecordFailures.onExecute(ExecutorPolicy.java:54) at ernal.concurrent.StoppableExecutorImpl$1.run(StoppableExecutorImpl.java:40) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private system.MediaPlayer soundsystem.CDPlayerTest.player; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type soundsystem.MediaPlayer found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:509) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:290) . 46 moreCaused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type soundsystem.MediaPlayer found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1118) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:967) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:862) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:481) . 48 more Error creating bean with name soundsystem.CDPlayerTest: Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private soundsystem.MediaPlayer soundsystem.CDPlayerTest.player; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type soundsystem.MediaPlayer found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name system.CDPlayerTest: Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private soundsystem.MediaPlayer soundsystem.CDPlayerTest.player; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type soundsystem.MediaPlayer found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:293) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1186) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireBeanProperties(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:384) at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:110) at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:75) at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:331) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:213) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:290) at ernal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:292) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:233) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:87) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:176) at ernal.tasks.testing.junit.JUnitTestClassExecuter.runTestClass(JUnitTestClassExecuter.java:105) at ernal.tasks.testing.junit.JUnitTestClassExecuter.execute(JUnitTestClassExecuter.java:56) at ernal.tasks.testing.junit.JUnitTestClassPcessTestClass(JUnitTestClassProcessor.java:64) at ernal.tasks.testing.SuiteTestClassPcessTestClass(SuiteTestClassProcessor.java:50) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497) at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:35) at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:24) at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ContextClassLoaderDispatch.dispatch(ContextClassLoaderDispatch.java:32) at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ProxyDispatchAdapter$DispatchingInvocationHandler.invoke(ProxyDispatchAdapter.java:93) at xy.$PcessTestClass(Unknown Source) at ernal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWcessTestClass(TestWorker.java:106) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497) at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:35) at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:24) at ernal.hub.MessageHub$Handler.run(MessageHub.java:360) at ernal.concurrent.ExecutorPolicy$CatchAndRecordFailures.onExecute(ExecutorPolicy.java:54) at ernal.concurrent.StoppableExecutorImpl$1.run(StoppableExecutorImpl.java:40) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private soundsystem.MediaPlayer soundsystem.CDPlayerTest.player; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type soundsystem.MediaPlayer found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:509) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:290) . 46 moreCaused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type soundsystem.MediaPlayer found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1118) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:967) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependen