there be句式.doc

there be句式的主谓一致问题:若只有一个主语，谓语的数则取决于该主语的数；若有几个主语并列，则通常是与靠近的主语保持一致。如：There is a man at the door. 门口有个人。There are some girls in the room. 房间里有几个女孩。There is a pen and some books on the desk. 桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。但有时说话人先说出了there is(was)，然后才想到要用复形名词，此时则会出现there is后接复数主语的情况。如：Theres some things I cant resist. 有些事物我是不抗拒的。Theres hundreds of people on the waiting list. 登记排队的人有好几百有关there be结构的若干句式There is no / some / much / little difficulty / trouble with sth. 做某事(没) 有困难。如：(1) There is some difficulty with the text. 这篇课文还有点困难。(2) There is little trouble with the matter. 这件事情没有什么麻烦。There is no / some / little / much difficulty / trouble in + doing. 做某事有困难。如：(1) There is much difficulty in finishing the work in the given time. 在规定的时间内完成这项工作还很困难。(2) There is no trouble in reading the article without a dictionary. 即使不用词典读这篇文章也不难。There is no doubt about / of sth. 毫无疑问。如：(1) There is no doubt about his coming here. 毫无疑问，他会来。(2) There is no doubt of his words. 对他的话毋庸置疑。There is no doubt that clause. 毫无疑问。如：(1) There is no doubt that he has made great progress this year. 毫无疑问，他今年进了大步。(2) There is no doubt that he likes hunting. 毫无疑问，他喜欢狩猎。There is no hurry (+ to do sth) 不用急于干某事。如：(1) There is no hurry to leave, for it is early. 天还早，不要急于离开。(2) There is no hurry to answer this question, but use your head. 动动脑筋，不要急于回答这个问题。There is no need for (sb. to do ) sth. 没有必要怎么样。如：(1) There is no need for him to go there. 她没有必要去那儿。(2) There is no need for such a meeting. 没有必要开这样的会议。There is no question about sth. 毫无疑问。如：(1)There is no question about his arrangement. 对他的安排毋庸置疑。(2) There is no question about what he said. 对他的话毋庸置疑。There is no question of doing sth. 毫无疑问。如：(1) There is no question of his leaving for holiday. 他肯定去度假了。(2) There is no question of his inviting us to his party. 他肯定会邀请我们去参加他的聚会。There is no sense in doing sth. 做某事没有道理或说不过去。如：(1) There is no sense in forcing him to do what he doesnt like to. 强迫他做他不喜欢做的事情没有道理。(2) There is no sense in leaving him alone when he is in trouble. 当他遇到困难时，扔下他不管，没有道理。There is no point in doing sth. 做某事没有用。如：(1) There is no point in regretting. 后悔没有用。(2) There is no point in reasoning with him. 跟他说道理没有用。There is no doing sth. 不可能；无法。如：(1) There is no telling who will win the match. 无法断定比赛谁赢。(2) There is no giving you a reply before deciding it. 在决定前不可能给你答复。 there be的否定式和疑问式there be句式否定式的用法there be句式的否定式通常应将否定词置于动词be之后：There is not any bread left. 没有一点面包了。There isnt anything I can do for you. 我帮不了你什么忙。若谓语中包括有助动词或情态动词，通常将否定词置于助动词与情态动词之后：There cant be so many mistakes. 不可能有那么多错误。There shouldnt be any doubt about it. 对此不应有什么怀疑。There havent been any parties in weeks. 好几个礼拜没开过晚会了。另外注意以下类型的否定式：There doesnt seem to have been any difficulty over the money question. 在钱的问题上似乎没发生什么困难。there be句式疑问式的用法there be句式的疑问式通常应将否定词置于动词be之后：Is there any good film on? 映什么好电影吗?Is there room for me in the car? 车子里还有我坐的地方吗?Are there any letters for me? 有我的信吗?若谓语中包括有助动词或情态动词，通常将助动词或情态动词移至句首构成疑问式：Has there been an accident? 出事了吗?Have there been any new developments? 有什么新的发展吗?Can there have been so much rain there？那儿会下过那么多雨吗？另外注意以下类型的疑问式(from )：Uncle Jesse, why do there have to be poor people like those? 杰西叔，为什么一定要有他们那样的穷人?there be句式中动词be的变体有时可将there be中的动词be 换为 live, remain, seem, appear, exist, stand, lie, come等：Once upon a time there lived a man known by the name of Joe Beef. 从前有个人名叫乔比夫。There seems appears something the matter with her. 她好像是出了什么事似的。There existed different opinions on this problem. 对这个问题曾有不同看法。There remained just twenty-eight pounds. 只剩28英镑了。At the top of the hill there stands an old temple. 在小山顶上有一座古庙。there be与情态动词连用(续)there+情态词+beThere could be no doubt about it. 对此不会有丝毫疑问。There wont be an election in June 6月份将不进行选举。There must be a mistake. 一定是弄错了。there+情态词+have beenThere cant have been any doubt about it. 对此不会有过任何疑问。There might have been a strike. 可能有过一场罢工。There oughtnt to have been any difficulty about it 此事本不应有什么困难。there+情态词+be+补足语+现在分词There cant be anyone waiting outside. 不会有人在外面等候。There never used to be anyone living next door 过去隔壁从未住过人。There could be something blocking the pipe 管子里可能给什么东西堵上了。there+情态词+have been+补足语+现在分词There might have been someone waiting outside. 可能曾有人在外面等候。There must have been something blocking the pipe 管子肯定曾被什么东西堵住了。There could have been someone crossing the road. 可能曾有人横穿马路。there be与情态动词连用there be句式有时可以与情态动词连用。与 can / could 连用 There can be no doubt about that. 那是毫无疑问的。Without heavy industry there can be no economic advance. 没有重工业，就没有经济的发展。If the police hadnt closed the road there could have been a bad accident. 要不是警方关闭了道路，本来会发生严重车祸的。与may / might 连用There might still be hope. 可能还有希望。There may be a letter for me. 大概有我一封信。There may be a storm tomorrow. 明天可能有风暴。At the end there may be an index. 结尾处可能有索引。There might be drinks if you wait for a bit. 如果你等一会儿，可能会有饮料。There may be more importance in it than would seem. 它的重要意义可能要比看上去大。与must 连用There must be a mistake. 一定是弄错了。He felt there must be something wrong. 他感到准有什么问题。 There must be somebody at homering again. 家里肯定有人再按一下铃。There must be some book which could help. 一定有那么本书可以帮我们的忙。That cant be the only way. There must be other ways of solving the problem. 那不是解决问题的唯一办法，肯定有另外的办法。与 should 连用There shouldnt be any doubt about it. 对此不应有什么怀疑。It is important that there should be afire escape. 要有一个太平梯，这很重要。The widow begged that there should be no reprisals. 遗孀祈求不要去搞复仇。与 ought to 连用There ought to be a comma here. 这儿应有一个逗号。There shouldnt be any doubt about it. 对此不应有什么怀疑。There ought to be traffic lights at this crossroads. 这个十字路口应该有红绿灯。There ought to be enough of a fire left up there. 上面那儿残留的火势该够大了。There oughtnt to have been any difficulty about it 此事本不应有什么困难。与 used to 连用There used to be a small park just around the corner. 以前在那个拐角就有一个小公园。There are more flowers than there used to he. 现在比过去花儿更多了。There used to be a cinema here, didnt there? 过去这儿是有一家电影院的，是吗?There used to be a hospital here. 原来这里有家医院(from )。There used to be four cinemas in the town, now there is only one. 过去这座城市有四家电影院。现在只有一家了。there be句式时态问题there be句式的时态由其中的谓语动词be来体现，它可以有等多种时态形式：一般现在时There is still room for improvement. 还有改进余地。There is nothing to be done now. 现在没有办法了。There is (some) milk in the fridge. 冰箱里有一些牛奶。If there is any problem, let me know. 如果有什么问题可以通知我。一般将来时Theres going to be trouble. 要出事了。There will be rain next week. 下星期要下雨。There will be bloodshed tonight. 今晚会发生流血事件。There is going to be will be an English film tonight. 今晚将有一场英语电影。There will follow an interval of five minutes. 接着将有五分钟的休息时间。There will be a perfectly logical explanation for all those deaths. 对所有那些死因都将会有一个完全合乎逻辑的解释。一般过去时There was a lot to be done. 有很多事要做。There wasnt any change in him. 他没有什么变化。There was a third reason for haste. 匆忙行事还有第三个理由。There was nothing to fear from that quarter. 那方面没有什么可怕的。There were some children swimming in the river. 有些小孩在河里游泳。There were lots of complaints about the boys, but none about the smoke. 对这些男孩有许多抱怨，但没有关于抽烟的抱怨。现在完成时There have been a lot of inquiries. 提出的询问有很多。There have been a lot of enquiries. 进行过许多调查。There have been many such accidents. 已发生了好几起那样的事故。There have been several break-ins this year. 今年发生了好几起强行入室盗窃事件。There has been an increase in the number of road incidents recently. 最近交通事故的数目有增加。There have a lot of bad luck lately. 最近发生了一些变化(from )。There has been little business between the two companies. 这两家公司之间几乎没有什么业务往来。过去完成时There had been many such occasions. 曾有许多这种情况。There had been two sea fights between them. 他们之间发生了两场海战。There had been two sea fights between them. 他们之间发生了两场海战。过去将来时There would be endless rows if I was at home. 如果我在家会有吵不完的架。Then there would be a plebiscite. 那么就会举行公民投票。Tom didnt say that there would be a demonstration. 汤姆没说要举行示威游行。There would never again be a love such as she had felt for Alex. 永远也不人再有她对爱丽克斯所拥有的那种爱了。there be句式的主谓一致问题:若只有一个主语，谓语的数则取决于该主语的数；若有几个主语并列，则通常是与靠近的主语保持一致。如：There is a man at the door. 门口有个人。There are some girls in the room. 房间里有几个女孩。There is a pen and some books on the desk. 桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。但有时说话人先说出了there is(was)，然后才想到要用复形名词，此时则会出现there is后接复数主语的情况。如：Theres some things I cant resist. 有些事物我是不抗拒的。Theres hundreds of people on the waiting list. 登记排队的人有好几百。there be结构的分析与理解there be结构在英语里是一种常见的特殊句子结构。它以引词there(由副词there变来)开首，后常接动词be的各种形式，再后才是主语，主语之后又常有表地点和时间的状语。它像是一种倒装句，但又非倒装句，因为这种“倒装”已成为一种自然的词序。这种结构中的there本身无词义，其后的动词be具有“存在”之意，所以是一实义动词。基本用例：There is a garden behind the house. 房子后面有一座花园。There is nothing but clothing in this cupboard. 这个柜子里只有衣服。There is a telephone box on the comer. 在拐弯处有一个电话间。If there is any problem, let me know. 如果有什么问题可以通知我。There is only one person I could approach. 只有一个人我可以去找。There is little difference between the two words. 这两个字没有什么差别。注意下面一句：There was a dog there. 那里有一条狗。There is a bus-stop just there. 那里就有公共汽车站。句中第一个there是引词，无词义；第二个there是副词，有词义。there be结构表“存在”，have表“所有”，试比较：There are several oak trees in the garden. 花园里有好几株橡树。(主语是oak trees)They have several oak trees in the garden. 他们在花园里种有好几株橡树。(主语是they)Theres a telephone i