英语人教版八年级下册现在完成时.doc

现在完成时一、 (1) 概念：现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作,对现在造成的影响或结果。 1. I have already cleaned my room. 我已经打扫了我的房间。 2. We have finished our homework. 我们完成了作业。 3. They have swept the floor. 他们扫了地。 4. She has read that book. 她读了那本书。 5. Tom has broken the window. Tom 打碎窗户。 现在完成时的构成: 主语 + + 1. I havent cleaned my room yet. 我还没打扫了我的房间。 2. We havent finished our homework. 我们没完成作业。 3. They havent swept the floor. 他们没扫地。 4. She hasnt read that book. 她没读那本书 5. Tom hasnt broken the window. Tom 没有打碎窗户。 否定句: 主语 + + + 1. Have you cleaned my room? Yes,I have. 2. Have you finished our homework? No,I havent. 3. Have they swept the floor? Yes,they have. No,they havent. 4. Has she read that book? Yes,she has. No,she hasnt. 5. Has Tom broken the window? Yes,Tom has. No,Tom hasnt. 一般疑问句: 助动词 + + ?(2) 现在完成时的基本句型： 肯定句： 否定句:一般疑问句： 二、现在完成时标志词 1.I have already lost the key. 2.She hasnt told us the news yet. 3.Have you decided to go yet? 4.I have just cleaned my hands. 5.John has never been to Nanjing 6.Have you ever been to a museum? 7.He has stayedheresince5oclock. David has lived here since 1992. 8.Hehasstayedheresince5hoursago. His father has been in the Party since 10 years ago. 9.Shehas taughtEnglishsincehecamehere. She has taught us since I came to this school. 10.He has kept the book for 2 weeks. I have had this dictionary for three years. Since: (自以来)(1)(2)(3) for(长达）just (谓语动词之前) before(句末） so far 到目前为止in the past/last few years(过去几年来) 练一练：选用 for和 since填空:1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years.6. Its five years _ we met last time.1. The house is dirty. We _it for weeks. A didnt clean B hadnt cleaned C dont clean D havent cleaned2. -Have you found your keys _ -Yes, I have _ found them. A already; yet B yet;already C already;already D yet;yet3. - Im sorry to keep you waiting. -Oh, not at all. I _here only a few minutes. A have been B had been C was D will be4. You dont need to describe her. I _ her several times. A. had met B have met C met D meet5. -Will you go to Beijing for vacation ? -I _ to go , but I dont know if I can go . A was planning B have planned C had been planning D have been planning6. -When will they leave ? -They _very soon . A do leave B are leaving C have left D leave7 -Was he studying for an exam ? -Yes , hes _ it last week. A doing B to take C making D to give8.The teacher told the pupils that the earth _ round. A is B would C was D were9. She _ such an interesting book before. A was never reading B will never read C had never read D has never read10. How long do you think the meeting _ A is lasting B is lasted C will last D lasts 11.I _(wait) for him for two hours . I am very angry .12.He _ (be) a doctor since he was twenty .13.The film _ (be) on for fifteen minutes . 14._ you ever _ (read) that book before ?15._ you ever _ (try) to change her ?16. No one _ (arrive) here yet .17._ the bus _ (leave) yet ?18.I_already_(see)thefilm.19.Myfather_just_(come)backfromwork.20.I_(work)heresinceI_(move)herein1999.21.SofarI_(make)quiteafewfriendshere.22.-Howlong_theWangs_(stay)here? -Fortwoweeks.23.I_just_(finish)myhomework.24._you_(find)yoursciencebookyet? 一般过去时与现在完成时之比较1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作，和现在不发生关系。而现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。2）一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。 一般过去时的时间状语有：yesterday, last week，ago, in1980, in October, just now,等具体的时间状语。 共同的时间状语有：this morning, tonight, this summer, before, already,等。 现在完成时的时间状语有：for, since, ever, never, just, already, yet, in past years等不确定的时间状语。eg：He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他已经买了一本英汉字典。 He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他买了一本英汉字典。 第一句现在完成时. 他买了一本英汉字典，现在他还有这本字典 。H 第二句过去时,只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字典，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未说明。 I saw this film yesterday. ( 强调昨天看的电影。） I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。） She has returned from Paris.（她已从巴黎回来了。） She returned yesterday. （她是昨天回来的。）He has been in the League for three years. (在团内的状态可延续)He joined the League three years ago.( 三年前入团，joined为短暂行为。) 注意：句子中如有一般过去时的时间词（如 yesterday, last week, in 1960）时，要用过去时。例如： （错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 1. So far, many countries _(develop) their software programs.2. Mr Chen _(give)up smoking last year.3. Mr Chen _(give) up smoking since last year.4. How many times _you_(be) there? 5. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting.6. _ you _(clean) the room? Yes, we _(do) that already. When _ you _(do) it? We _(do) it an hour ago.7. _ he _(see) this film yet? Yes. When _ he _(see) it? He _ it last week. 8. She _(go) to Pairs, hasnt she? Yes. How _ she _(go) there? She _(go) there by air. 1. - Where _you _ (put) the book? I cant see it anywhere. - I _(put) it right here. But now its gone. A. did ; put; put B. have; put; put C. did; put; have put D. have; put; have put 2. .I wont go to see the film tonight because I _ my ticket. A. didnt lose B. have lost C. will lose D. didnt have 3. Miss Wu has taught in this school _. A. for ten years B. ten years ago C. since ten years D. for ten years ago 4. I _ todays homework already. What about you? A. have finished B. finish C. to finish D. Finishing 5.Ann has gone to Shanghai. So _ her parents. A. has B. had C. did D. have 6. -I have seen the film “Titanic”already.-When _ you _ it？-The day before yesterday.A. have； seen B. will； see C. did； see D. did； seen7. Mr Black _ in China since five years ago.A. lived B. has lived C. lives D. is going to live8. We _ trees last Sunday. So far we _ over 3，000 trees there.A. planted； pla