英语人教版八年级下册Unit 10.doc

Unit 10 Ive had this bike for three years. (Section A Grammar Focus) 一、教学目标： 1. 现在完成时的用法与结构。2. 掌握for和 since 的用法。3. 掌握短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换。二、教学重难点1. 掌握for和 since 的用法。2. 掌握短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换。三、教学过程（一）复习： 现在完成时的用法及结构1. 现在完成时：结构： 主语+ have / has + 动词的过去分词一般疑问句： Have / Has ? Yes, I have. No, I havent. Yes, she has. No, she hasnt. (1) 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。和already，never,ever,just,before,yet等状语连用。(already, just多用于肯定句中，ever, yet, never多用于疑问句和否定句中。)Eg. 1. I have just had my breakfast. (现在我不饿) 2. Ihave finishedmyhomework 3. Hehas hadhismeal 4. Haveyou sungthisEnglishsong？2. havebeenin, havebeento与 havegoneto 的用法(1).Have (has)beenin意为“ ”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用。(2).Have (has)beento 意为“ ”，表示现在已经不在那里了，后面可接次数。可与 just,ever, never 等连用。(3).Have (has)goneto意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、二人称代词作主语。 练习：1. I Beijingthreetimes 2. They Canadaforfiveyears. 3. WhereisTom? He thebookshop. (二) 学习for和 since 的用法1.现在完成时：表示.过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，常与for或since引起的一段时间状语连用。Eg. 1. I have lived here for three years. 2. I have lived here since 2004/three years ago.2. for和 since 的用法( 1).for+表示一段时间的短语( 2).since+表示过去时间点的词语 或+表示一段时间的短语+ago( 3).since+表示过去时间的时间状语从句eg. I have been a teacher _ a year. He has been at this school _ 1992. We have learned 1,000 English words _ we came to this school.3.均须与延续性动词连用，也可以与非延续性动词的否定式连用。如: I have bought this computer since four years ago. ()I have had this computer since four years ago. ()I havent bought anything for two months.( )I havent heard from him for 3 weeks. ( )4.常见的短暂性动词与延续性动词之间的对应关系如下：come/go/ arrive/reach/get /move to -be in /at die - be deadopen -be open close -be closed become -be start - be onfall asleep -be asleepborrow -keep buy-have begin ,put on -wear leave -be away from join the army -be in the army /be a soldierjoin the Party -be in the Party / be in the Party如：1. The old man died 4 years ago.The old man for 4 years. 2. It is 4 years since the old man died.Four years since the old man died. 3.He joined the Party 2 years ago.He the Party for 2 years.4.I bought the book 5 days ago.I the book for 5 days.四、完成课本4a和 4b的练习。五、课后练习1）选择for或since填空：1.I have been here _five months ago.2. He has been a soldier _ about two months.3. Great changes have taken place _ you left.4. His grandpa has been dead _ ten years.5. I have studied English _ I was 12 years old.6. It is two years _ I became a postgraduate student.2)练习题1.Its a long time since we _ (meet) last, isnt it? 2. -I know you _ (choose) a picture book among these. -Yes, Have a look at it, please. 3. So far, spaceships without people _ (reach) the moon and some other parts of the universe. 4. My father_ home for nearly three weeks.A. has gone awa