it用法讲义导学案.doc

Unit3 “It 用法”导学案学习者姓名： 学习者组别： 学习者编号： 【学习目标】：熟悉课文中出现的it句型，能熟练运用该句型，并了解其他常见it句型。【学习重点】：it做形式主语和形式宾语【学习难点】：运用it 句型【学习内容】： It表指代(人、事物、时间、日期、地点、天气、温度、距离、环境等。)It作形式主语、形式宾语【学习步骤】：呈现 仿句 归纳 反馈一it 用作代词（1）Read and analyze the following sentences.I cannot find my watch; I must have lost itThey got a baby and it was very lovelyHer mother kept telling her not to go out at night, but it didnt helpHe smokes in bed and I dont like it.-Who is it? -Its me.-Listen. Someone is crying. -Oh, it must be Mary请指出在这些句子中it的用法（2）.Read and analyze the following sentences.1. It is Friday today.2. It was very cold last Monday. 3. It is about 8:30 now.4. It is about 25km from Longxian to Bazi.5. It lies in the south of Shaoguan city.6. It is 40C ! You got a high fever!Question: What does “it” in these sentences refer to?归纳总结： :it 可以用作非人称代词，表示_,_,_,_,_,_等。二it 用作引导词(一)It用作_.1. It is obvious that the water was to blame.2. It is easy for you to listen to teacher attentively.3. It is no use arguing with him about it.4. It is amazing that at my age I still look like a student!5. 分析：it是_ ,句子真正的主语是_(2) 代替不定式、动名词、从句作形式主语，把真正的主语放在句末。it用作形式主语的重要句型有：1) It + be + adj + for (of) sb to do sth 某人做某事1)It is important for her to come to the party2)It is kind of you to say so比较这两个句子，区别是：_bad ， brave ，modest ，silly ，important，dangerous ，normal ，common ，necessary，可用于句型（1）的形容词是_可用于句型（2）的形容词是_ It is unfair_ to criticize me.(he) It is not common _to receive letters(he)2) It is important (necessary, right, strange, natural) thatthat从句中常用虚拟语气：should+动词原形，should 可以省去。_ English well. 重要的是我们应该学好英语。3) It is clear (obvious, true, possible, certain) that 清楚（显然、真的、肯定）_he graduated from Beijing University in 1988.他1988年毕业于北京大学是真的。 _she was able to solve the problem so quickly她这么快就解决这个问题,真令人惊讶4) It is + n + that-从句It is a pity (a shame) that _that such a thing _in your class.这种事竟发生在你们班上,真遗憾。 It is no wonder (that) 难怪It is no wonder that you look so happy. 难怪你看上去如此高兴。5) It is + n + (for sbsth) + to do sth常用词汇: pity, shame, pleasure, ones duty, joy, good manners, bad manners等。_such a wonderful play你错过这么一个精彩的机会真遗憾。_ the blackboard. 擦黑板是你的职责。_the seats for the old年轻人占用老人座位是不礼貌。6) It is + adj / n + doing sth常见形容词和名词：no/little use, no/much good, useless等。It is no good learning English without speaking English.Its a waste of time doing sth.Its fun/worthwhile doing sth.看这种杂志真是浪费时间_ the swimming pool in summer. 夏天跳进游泳池太有趣了。7) It is suggested (ordered) that 据建议 / 有命令主句中的过去分词是表示请求、建议、命令等词时，that后的从句要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形）, should可以省略。_that the meeting _. 据建议，会议应被推迟。_ that we _there in two hours. 有命令我们应两小时内到达那。8)It is said (reported, learned) that 据说（据报道，据悉）_he has come to Beijing. 据说，他已到北京。_another earth satellite has been put into orbit. 据报道，又一颗地球卫星已被送入轨道。9) It takes sb + 时间段 + to do sth. 某人做某事花了.时间. 我写这封信花了一个小时。10) It seems (appears)/ happens that 好像/碰巧 他好像犯了一个错误。11) It doesnt matter whether 不论（是否）没关系 他们是否老了没关系。12) It turns out that 结果证明 _well have a happy, peaceful festival. 结果证明，我们要过一个快乐、安宁的节日。13) It strikes sb that 打动某人 _the small town is so beautiful. 最感动我的是这个小镇如此之美。14) It occurs to sb that . 某人想起(hit/strike/come to /occur to)_she would refuse his invitation.他没有想到她会拒绝他的邀请。_ he might be in trouble. 我怎么也没有想到他会遇上麻烦。 15) It verb sb clause(surprise/ delight/ interest disappoint/ bother)_I turn the television on?我开电视会不会吵着你?（二）. it作_（1）当不定式、动名词、从句等用作宾语且其后跟有宾补时，使用形式宾语it，而将真正的宾语移至句末，I found it very interesting to study English.Our school made it a rule that students should not bring mobile phones to school.He felt it no use learning English without speaking it.1)I find _ (难）to learn gymnastics.（it)2)We believe _ （是没用的读书不理解）.(use)3)_(他认为很愉快)that he worked with us.(think)（2）enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer, appreciate等表示喜好的动词+ it + when/ if引导的从句I dislike it when others laugh at me in public or think poorly of me behind._send me the application forms as soon as possible. 若能尽快寄来申请表格,我将不胜感激(3) 动词（短语）+ it + that-从句 dislike, like, see to, look to, depend/rely on_she will fulfill the plan你们可以相信她会完成这个计划三. 用于某些句型1) Its (about / high) time + that-从句 某人该做某事了。(从句谓语用过去式，或should+do )It is time that children_(上床睡觉)It is high time that_是实施改革的时候了。. 2) Its the first (second) time + that-从句 某人第几次做某事(从句谓语用完成时) It is the first time that_. 这是我第一次去北京。 It was the third time that he_. 这是他第三次取得这么大的进步。3) It is/ has been +时间段+ since sb. did sthIt was +时间段+ since sb. had done sth 他爸爸去世已五年。4) . It will (not) be + 时间段+ before sb. do sthIt was (not) + 时间段+ before sb. did sth若主句是一般时将来时态，从句是一般现在时.若主句是肯定句意思是“要过多长时间才”；若主句是否定形式翻译成“用不了多久就”这时若主句是一般过去时从句也是一般过去时。若主句是肯定句翻译成“多长时间之后才”，若主句是否定形式翻译成“没过多久就”。如： It was 3 days before he went to Beijing. It will not be long before he finishes his job. _before the situation improves. 这种状况或许要过许多年才能得以改善。_before I realized the truth. 过了很长一段时间我才了解到真相。 _before she became a brave solider. 没过多久她就成了一名勇敢的战士。5) Its + 时间点 + when-从句 Its 8 oclock when I get home from work every day. 每天我下班回家时已经八点了。 _hey got up and did morning exercises. 他们起床做早操是在早上六点钟。6) If it were not for / If it hadnt been for 若不是因为_, I would punish you. 要不是他在场，我会处罚你的。要不是他们帮助，这些困难我们不克服不了的。7) It is up to sb to do sth 该由某人做某事Its up to you to make the choice. 得由你来作选择。8) 引导强调句It is/ was +被强调部分+ that/ who.It is/ was not until +被强调的部分+ that.1) Is it the years _ you worked in the factory _have a good effect on your literary works?A. that; where B. that; that C. when; where D. when; that2). When was _you met with the famous scientist?A. it that B. it C. the place D. the place that四用在一些固定搭配中make it 及时赶到；成功；办成 catch it 被责骂；受处罚get it 明白 Take it easy. 别着急。 Thats it. 这就对了。If I can help it. 如果我有办法的话。 You will catch it. 当心；小心worth it 有好处，值得做请翻译下列句子Ill not give you any trouble if I can help it.The new car cost a lot of money, but its certainly worth it.The train goes at10.15. I think we shall make itIf your father finds you here youll really catch it!You will make it if you try.I thought he would be too old to get to the top of the mountain, but he made it at last.五 (1)、it与one的区别：这两个词都可以代表前面说过的名词，但it用于同名同物的场合；one则用于同名异物的场合。- Do you still have the bicycle?- No, I have sold _- Is this knife yours?- No. It is Xiao Zhangs. Mine is _ _ on the desk.(2)、it与that的区别：两词都可代替某一特定名词，但that指同一类，并非同一个。The climate of South China is mild（温和的）; I like _very much.（_指the climate of South China）The climate of South China is much better than _ of Japan.（_指the climate）六、写作升级：用it句式翻译下列句子：1. 据宣布(announce)，明年年底又有三条地铁线(subway)将建成。 2. 我没有想到汤姆竟然会被选为学生会主席。 3. 那些未曾去过那个小村庄的人很难描绘出它的美丽。 4. 我发现很难与那些一贯固执己见的人合作。 .5. 你放心(rely on)，他会来见你的。 6. 直到她把墨镜摘下来，我才意识到她是个著名的电影明星。（强调句） 练习1. Is _ necessary to tell his father everything? A. it B. that C. what D. he 2. _ must be something wrong with the machine. A. There B. It C. He D. That 3. (1) _ is known to us all, the earth turns around the sun.(2)_ is known to us all that the earth turns around the sun.A. It B. Which C. As D. That4. (1)_ is difficult to persuade her to stay. A.It B.What C. He D.That(2)_ is difficult is to persuade her to stay.5. I like_in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright .（2004全国） Athis B. that C. it D. one 6. The chairman thought_necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting . A. that B. it C. this D. him （2005全国）7. If I can help_, I dont like working late into the night. （2006全国） A. so B. that C. it D . them 8. Have you heard the latest news? No, what_? （2007全国） A. is it B. is there C. are they D. are those 9. _worries me the way he keeps changing his mind. （2007山东） A. This B. That C. What D. It10. _is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger，more prosperous economy. A. As B. That C. This D. It （2006浙江）11. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see_. （ 2001上海） A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is12. The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him,_? （ 2000上海） A. did they B. didnt they C. did it D. didnt it13. The Parkers bought a new house, but_ will need a lot of work before they can move in. A. they B. it C. one D. Which （NMET2000）14. -Excuse me, I want to have my watch fixed, but I cant find a repair shop. -I know_ nearby. Come on, Ill show you. A. one B. it C. some D. that 15. Why dont we take a little break? Didnt we just have_? （NMET 2000） A. it B. that C. one D. this16. We need a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made _from some wood we had. A. it B. one C. himself D. another （2004全国）17. Im moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than _in the city. A. ones B. one C. that D. those (2005江苏） 18. There is still a copy of the book in the library, will you go and borrow _. No , Id rather buy_ in the bookstore. （2007陕西） A. it；one B. one；one C. one；it D. it；it19. Really great people always see the best in others; it is the little man who looks for the worst and finds_. Aone Bit Cthat Dthem20. Id appreciate _if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. （2006山东） A. that B. it C. this D. you21. He didnt make _clear when and where the meeting would be held. （2007天津） A. this B. that C. it D. Those22. It is the ability to do the job_ matters, not where you come or who you are. A. one B. that C. what D. it （NMET2000）23. He was nearly drowned once. When was_? _was in 1998 when he was in middle school.（2002春招） A. that, It B. this, This C. this, It D. that, This24. It was after he got what he had desired _he realized it was not so important.（2006辽宁） Athat B. when C. since D. as25. It is not who is right but what is right _ is of importance. （2007重庆） A. which B. it C. that D. this26. I dont mind her criticizing me, but _ is how she does it that I object to.（2007江西） A. it B. that C. this D. which27. It _we had stayed together for a couple of weeks _I found we had a lot in common. （2007浙江） A. was until, when B. was until, that C. wasnt until, when D. wasnt until, that28. Was_ _that I saw last night at the concert ? （1995上海） A. it you B. not you C. you D. that yourself29. Why! I have nothing to confess. _you want me to say?（2004 上海） A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that30. It is almost five years _we saw each other last time. （2005 北京春考） A. before B. since C. after D. when31 It was evening _we reached the little town of Winchester. （2004 天津） A. that B. until C. since D. Before32. What was the party like? Wonderful. It is seven years _I enjoyed myself so much.（NMET 1993） A. after B. before C. when D. since33. _was in 1979_I graduated from the university.（ 1998上海） A. That; that B .It; that C. That; when D. It; when34. I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I dont have enough money to buy_.（09四川） A. one B. it C. this D. that35. Being a parent is not always easy, and being the parent of a child with special needs often carries with _extra stress. （09北京） A. it B. them C. one D. him36.Ive read another book this week.Well, maybe _ is not how much you read but what you read that counts. （09浙江）A. this B. that C. there D. it37. _ felt funny watching myself on TV. 2007 全国卷IIA. One B. ThisC. It D. That38. The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than _ in the newspaper. A. it B. those C. one D. that 2007 辽宁卷39.He got his first book published. It turned out to be a bestseller. When was _? _ was in 2000 when he was still in college. 2007 浙江卷 A. that; This B. this; It C. it; This D. that; It40.【2010全国2】The doctor thought _ would be good for you to have a holiday.A. thisB. thatC. oneD. it41.【2012 陕西】No matter where he is, he makes _ a rule to go for a walk before breakfast. A. himB thisC. thatD. it 42.【2011山东】The two girls are so ali