初中定语从句基础篇.ppt

初中定语从句基础讲解 什么是定语从句呢 修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句 结构 先行词 关系词 句子 Ilovesingerswhowritetheirownmusic 先行词 关系词 定语从句 Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman 先行词 关系词 定语从句 关系词 关系代词 that which who whom whose关系副词 when where why 先行词是人 n who that 从句先行词是物 n that which 从句 Ihaveanapple Anappleisred Ihaveanapple thatisred 修饰先行词anapple 主语 主语 关系词that在定语从句中作主语时不能省掉 Ilikesomefriends Somefriendslikesports Ilikesomefriends who thatlikesports 修饰先行词friends 主语 主语 关系词who that在定语从句中作主语时不能省掉 Ilikethemusic Icandancetothemusic Ilikethemusic that whichIcandanceto 宾语 宾语 关系词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉 Ilikethegirl Youaretalkingtothegirl Ilikethegirl who m youaretalkingto 宾语 宾语 that 关系词who that在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉 小结 which 指 作主语 不能省略 作宾语 可以省略 who 指 作主语 不能省略 作宾语 可以省略 常用whom that 可指 作主语 不能省略 作宾语 可以省略 物 人 人或物 关系代词who that的作用 a 做代词 代替先行词b 在从句中担任句子成分 主语或宾语c 做连词 把主句和从句连接起来 Ilovesingerswhowritetheirownmusic 注意 1 who和whomTheladywho thatistalkingtomyteacherismymother Theladywho whom thatmyteacheristalkingtoismymother 先行词在从句中做主语 用who that先行词在从句中做宾语 用who whom thatwho是主格 whom是宾格 注意 2 什么时候可以省略关系代词 Thegirlwho whomissinginganEnglishsongisTom ssister Mr Liuistheperson who whom that youtalkedaboutoften 总结 先行词在从句中做宾语 可以省略关系代词 先行词在从句中做主语 不可以省略关系代词 练习 判断Who that在从句中担任主语还是宾语 IlovesingerswhowritetheirownsongsHeisthemanwhoImetyesterday IlikemusicthatIcandanceto Ipreferasandwichthatisreallydelicious 主语 宾语 宾语 主语 3 whose作定语 表示所属关系 Theboyismyclassmate Theboy sfatherisapoliceman Theboywhosefatherisapolicemanismyclassmate Haveyouseenabook coverisread A thatB whichC whoseD what 1Ihavesomefriendsthat be friendly 2 QiuWeizheisaboywho like basketball 定语从句几点注意 一 关系代词作主语时 从句的谓语动词的数由先行词决定 are likes 只能用that的几种情况 1 ThisisthefirstplaythatIhaveseensinceIcamehere 2 Everythingthatwesawinthisfilmwastrue 3 Whoisthegirlthatisstandingunderthetree 4 I veneverheardofthepeopleandthingsthatyoutalkedaboutjustnow 请自己总结哪四种情况只能用that 不能用that的情况1 Thegirlwho thatisstandingthereismysister Theboy whoisverytall ismycousin 在含有逗号的非限制性定语从句中 不能用that 5 不能用that的情况2 Thewomanwho whom thatmyteacheristalkingtoismymother Thewomantowhommyteacheristalkingismymother 若将定语从句末尾的介词提到关系代词前 只能用which whom 构成 介词 whom 介词 which思考 Thechildrenwho whom thatthenursetakescareofarehealthy 这个定语从句末尾的介词of不能提前 为什么 用who that which whom填空 1 Ihaveabrother likessoccer 2 Tomdoesn tlikemovies aretoolongandtooscary 3 Wepreferbands playloudandenergeticsongs 4 Helikesfriends oftenhelpeachother who that which that which that who that 用who that which whom填空 5 Ihaven twatchedthemovie myfriendsaretalkingabout 6 Thewoman myfatheristalkingtoismyEnglishteacher 7 Theteacherisangrywiththeboy madeabigmistake 8 Thosearethesingers wemetattheparty which that 省略 who whom that who that who whom that 省略 用who that which whom填空 9 Ican tforgetthepeopleandtheplace wevisitedlastmonth 10 Whoisthedoctor willgiveusatalk 11 Whichisthebook youwanttobuy 12 I mtheonlyperson candothisjobright 13 Itisthemostdelicious Ihaveeverhad 14 Isthereanything Icandoforyou 15 Youarethefirstperson tellsmethetruth that 省略 that that that that 省略 that that 下列情况只能用that 1 序数词 形容词最高级 theonly thevery thelast修饰先行词时 eg Youaretheverypersonthatcandoitright 2 当先行词是指物的anything something nothing none everything 等不定代词时 3 当先行词同时包括人或物时 eg Weoftentalkaboutthepeopleandthethingsthatweareinterestedin 我们常常谈论我们感兴趣的人或事 4 当主句是who或which引导的问句时 eg Whoisthegirlthathasblacklonghair eg Whichisthepenthatyoubought 不能用that 也不能省略关系词的情况1 非限制性定语从句Theblueteam whichisatthetopoftheleague isn tplayingwelltoday 非限制性定语从句 FootballisagamewhichIlovebest 限制性定语从句 2 关系词跟在介词后时ThisistheclassmatefromwhomIhavelearnetalot Thisistheroominwhichwelive Exercise 1 Ihaveafriend likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic who that which that whose 3 Theman legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer 2 YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress Igaveher 4 Myparentsliveinahouse ismorethan100yearsold 5 Theboywith Johnspokeismybrother which that whom 6 Kevinisreadingabook istoodifficultforhim which that 7 Isthereanything youwanttobu