2015年新译林英语8B知识点.doc

2015年新译林英语8B知识点 译林版英语8BUnit 1 Past and present1. change v. 改变 You have changed a lot. n. 变化（可数）There are many changes in my hometown. 找零（不可数）Here is your change.2. use v. 使用 n. 用途 be in use = be in service 短语：used to do sth be used to doing sth be used for be used to do（被动）3. by + 交通工具 = on / in / take + a + 交通工具 如：by bus = take / on a bus by car = in a car by bike = on a bike4. interview v. 采访；会谈 interview sb n. 面试；访谈 give an interview to sb have an interview with sb5. in the northern part of town east/west/south/north + ern adj. 6. marry v. 嫁，娶，与结婚 marry sb marry sb to sb be/get married to sb n. marriage 7. move v. 移动 move to搬到 move away搬走 move out of从搬出 adj. moving 感人的 moved感动的8. over the years = during the years9. turn v. turn on开 turn off关 turn up调高 turn down调低 turn to sb for help向某人寻求帮助 turn into变成 n.依次、轮流 take ones turn to do sth n. turning 转弯处 10. put put into放入 put up举起；张贴 put down放下 put off推迟 put away收好、放好 put on穿上 put out熄灭11. take action to do sth采取措施做12. improve the situation改善现状 n. improvement 13. in some ways在某些方面，某种程度上 in the way阻碍 on ones way to在去的路上 by the way顺便说一下14. as often as before和以前一样频繁15. feel a bit lonely lonely孤独的；偏僻的 alone单独、独自 a bit = a little“一点儿”（修饰v./adj./adv./比较级） a bit of = a little 修饰n. not a bit = not at all一点都不许 not a little = very(much) 很、非常16. from time to time = at times = sometimes有时语法：现在完成时定义、结构（过去分词的构成）Unit 2 Travelling1. join / join in / take part in / attend join 加入党派、团体、社会组织 join the Party/army join in 和某人一起做某事，常用于口语 join sb in sth join sb in doing sth take part in 参加活动 attend 出席（正式场合的会议）2. miss 错过；思念 missing (adj.) = gone = lost丢失的、不见的3. spend/cost/take/pay区别4. have fun = have a good/great time = enjoy oneself fun n. 乐趣（不可数） adj.有趣的 funny滑稽搞笑的5. through / across / over / past区别6. hurry to 赶往 hurry up快点7. run after追赶 run across偶然遇到 run away跑掉 run out of 从跑出 rush out 冲出 run v. 跑；运转 8. cant stop doing = cant help doing 情不自禁做 cant help to do 不能帮助做 cant wait to do 迫不及待做9. 感官动词smell/look/sound/taste10. do some shopping购物 do some washing/cleaning洗衣、做清洁11. a couple of 几个、一些 couple 对、夫妇12. at the end/beginning of in the end/beginning in the end = finally = at last13. watch/see/look区别14. in front of/in the front of区别 语法：have been to / have gone to / have been in 区别 ； for / since区别Unit 3 Online tours1. search for information搜索信息 look for寻找2. send and receive emails收发邮件 sendto发送 receive收到3. at the top of / on the top of on侧重“面”，at侧重“点” （反义） at the bottom of4. AsiaAsian AfricaAfrican EuropeEuropean AmericaAmerican 5. at the southern end of 在的南端6. further on再向前，更远处7. thousands of成千上万的，数以千计的（不确定的数thousand加s） three thousand students（特定的数无s）8. on New Years Eve 在除夕9. the early / late twentieth century 在二十世纪早/晚期10. hear of = hear about 听说 hear from收到来信11. mean v. mean to do sth打算做 mean doing sth意味着 n. meaning意思 adj. meaningful有意义的 meaningless无意义的 语法：现在完成时和一般过去时的区别Unit 4 A good read1. decide to do 决定做 make (a decision) / decisions to do2. reach vt. 够到，到达 arrive vi.arrive at/in到达 get to到达3. as far as I know据我所知 as far as和一样远；剧所知；尽可能as far aspossible4. by the time到时间5. be tired out筋疲力尽 be tired of对感到厌倦 6. fall down跌倒 fall off从跌落 fall over 被绊倒7. on the beach在海滩8. wake up醒9. rise/raise区别 rise vi.升起 raise vt. 举起；抚养10. be tired to 束缚于 be tied with/by被捆绑11. move up向前移动12. look down 向下看 look down upon鄙视 look up向上看 look up to尊敬13. as + adj. /adv. + as = the same + n. + as 和一样14. talk to /with sb about sth和某人谈论某事15. manage to do 设法做成某事 = succeed in doing语法：特殊疑问词+不定式；must/ have to区别Unit 5 Good manners 1. be old enough to do sth足够大去做某事 enough放在adj./adv.的后面 ，n.的前面，如enough money be not enough to do = be tooto do = sothat从句 如：Im not old enough to go to school. 我太小而不能去上学。 =Im too young to go to school. =Im so young that I cant go to school.2. share sth with sb和某人分享某物3. cut in 打断 interrupt打断 disturb打扰4. Youre never too old to learn.活到老学到老。5. drop litter everywhere到处丢垃圾 垃圾：litter rubbish waste everywhere = here and there6. leave the tap running leave表“使处于的状态” leave sth + 地点“把某物落在某地”7. keep / stay quiet / silent 系表结构“保持”8. pick flowers 摘花 pick up 捡起；搭便车；偶然学会9. obey / follow traffic rules 遵守交通规则10. queue = stand in line排队 jump a queue插队11. keep the library clean ( V + O + OC )12. invite sb to sp 邀请某人去某地 invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事（常考被动） 13. shake ones hand 挥手14. for the first time 第一次 at frist 首先 15. greet people with a kiss以亲吻的方式和人打招呼16. relatives and close friends 亲朋好友 17. avoid doing避免做18. weigh v.重达 weight n.重量19. behave politely 举止礼貌 bravely widely rudely20. push in before others插队21. bump into撞到22. as well = too 也23. all the time一直、总是24. loudly / aloud loudly adv. 强调“大声” aloud adv.强调“出声”25. be helpful to sb对某人有帮助 helpless无助的、没用的26. just as the saying goes俗话说得好27. When in Rome, do as the Romans do.入乡随俗语法：enough to / too to句型Unit 6 Sunshine for all1. volunteer v. / n.志愿（者） adj.voluntary志愿的2. some more food更多的食物 数字+ more = another + 数字3. own on ones own = by oneself单独、独自 of ones own某人自己的4. 提供provide sb sth = provide sth for sb offer sb sth = offer sth to sb5. show sth to sb 向某人展示某物 6. include v. 包括 including prep.7. be similar to 和相似 be familiar to 为所熟悉 be familiar with对熟悉8. give up放弃 give away赠送 give out泄露 give off发出烟、光、热9. make the event a great success ( V + O + OC) success n. successful adj. succeed v. 10. feel like doing 想要做 = would like to do11. achieve their dreams 实现梦想 achievement n.成就语法：It is + adj. ( for / of sb ) + to do sth用法Unit 7 International charities1. donateto 捐赠 donation n.捐赠物2. have a big lunch吃大餐3. basic education基础教育 base n. 基础 educational adj.教育的4. poor areas 贫困地区 equal rights 平等权利5. prevent / keep / stop sb from doing 阻止某人做6. operate vt.操作，运转 n. Operator操作工 vi.做手术 operate on sb n.手术operation(s)7. hope to do 希望做 hope sb.+ that从句 / will do 8. cant afford to do支付不起 9. be proud(adj.) to = take pride(n.) in 骄傲10. improve their lives改善生活 improvement n. 改善、提高11. carry on = go on 继续 carry out 执行语法：一般现在、一般过去时的被动Unit 8 A green world1. be serious about = take sth seriously 严肃对待 a serious illness 一个严重的病2. care about 关心，在乎 care for照顾，喜欢 take care = be careful小心 take care of = look after 照顾3. present n. 礼物 现在 at present = at the mo