全国卷高考英语语法填空复习之词类转化PPT课件.ppt

1 1 2016全国 卷 61 Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires Asia sbiggestbuilding andfancynewhotels Butfortouristslikeme pandasareitstop attract 在 形容词性物主代词 its 形容词 top 后应填名词 attraction指 吸引人的事物 attraction 2 2 2016全国 卷 63 Fromtomorrow IwillbetheirUKambassador Thetitlewillbe official giventomeataceremonyinLondon 修饰动词用副词 表示 正式地 officially 3 3 2016全国 卷 62 Then handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyou llfeelarealsenseof achieve 在介词后作宾语要用名词 表示 成就 4 2016全国 卷 67 Recentstudiesshowthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaks regular 修饰谓语动词用副词 表示 经常地 achievement regularly 4 5 2016全国 卷 66 Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich gradual turnedintochopsticks 修饰动词turned用副词 表示 逐渐地 6 2016全国 卷 68 SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfuciusinfluencedthe develop ofchopsticks 在冠词the与介词of之间 应填名词 表示 筷子的发展 gradually development 5 7 2015卷I 69 AndthetownisfastbecomingapopularweekenddestinationforpeopleinAsia Abercrombie Kent atravelcompanyinHongKong saysit regular arrangesquickgetawayshereforpeoplelivinginShanghaiandHongKong regularly 修饰动词arranges作状语 用副词 6 8 2015卷II 63 Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheir able to aircondition ahousewithoutusingelectricequipment 在形容词性物主代词后必定用名词 ability 7 9 2015卷II 65 Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat slow duringcoolnights thuswarmingthehouse 修饰谓语动词giveout 表示 慢慢地散热 用副词slowly slowly 8 10 2015卷II 69 As nature architects thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactlyhowthicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays 在名词前作定语要用形容词 natural 9 11 2014卷I 62 Theriverwassopollutedthatit actual caughtfireandburned 修饰谓语动词caught 用副词作状语 表示 居然 12 2014卷I 70 Justbe patience 在系动词be后作表语 要用形容词 actually patient 10 13 2014卷II 50 Everyoneonthebusbegantalkingaboutwhattheboyhaddone andthecrowdofstrangers sudden becamefriendlytooneanother 修饰动词became 作状语 用副词 suddenly 11 当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时 就需要词类转换 这类题一般可根据以下5点顺利解决 1 作主语或宾语用名词形式 如 ButJaneknewfrompastexperiencethather choose oftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather 解析 在that引导的宾语从句中作主语应当用名词 或者说 在形容词性物主代词her后还没有名词 一定是用名词形式 故填choice choice 12 2 在形容词性物主代词 冠词 形容词 不定代词 some any alotof等 介词后还没有名词时 就用名词形式 如 真题再练 第1 3 6 8题 3 作定语 表语或补足语用形容词形式 如 真题再练 第10 12题 分别是作定语和表语 又如 13 Iconsiderit use forustouseEnglish Englishdictionary 解析 句中it是形式宾语 真正的宾语是后面的不定式 所给词在句中作宾补 要用形容词 表示 有益的 有用的 故填useful useful 14 4 作状语 修饰动词 形容词或另一副词 或放在句首修饰全句 用副词 如 真题再练 第2 4 5 7 9 11 13题都是修饰动词 用副词 又如 1 Whenwewerewonderingwhattodo themanagercameout Shewas surprise helpful 2014广东卷 解析 句中已有作表语的形容词helpful 要用副词来修饰helpful 由语境句意可知 是指 意外地 有帮助 故填surprisingly surprisingly 15 2 lucky hehadacowwhichproducedmilkeveryday 2015广东卷 解析 空格位于句首 且有逗号隔开 可知是修饰全句 用副词作状语 有一头每天都产牛奶的母牛 应当是 幸运地 故填Luckily Luckily 16 5 当所给词的词性与空格处所需词的词性相同时 无需改变词性 而可能是只改变词义但不改变词性的前缀或后缀 也可能用其比较级或最高级 如 17 InAlaska thewolfalmost appear afewyearsago becausehunterswerekillinghundredsofthemforsport 解析 主句缺谓语 应填动词 而appear本身就是动词 无需作词性变化 可考虑变词义 由because从句可知 主句意思应是 狼在几年前就差不多消失了 要用disappear 再由afewyearsago可知 要用一般过去时 故填disappeared disappeared 18 注意 解题时 既要根据句子结构需要确定词类 又要考虑句意连贯或逻辑通顺 如 Hefailedhismathsexaminationbecauseofhis care work 解析 在名词前作定语 要用形容词 由failed 可知 要填表示否定意义的 careless 粗心大意的 意义才通顺 careless 19 在高考全国卷中出现的考纲词的派生词是不算生词的 也不用汉语注明 因此 掌握基本的构词法知识非常重要 从近三年全国卷的语法填空来看 词类转换主要考查了以下3点 1 形容词 副词 如 真题再练 的第2 4 5 7 9 11 13七个小题 2 形容词 名词 如 真题再练 的第8题 3 名词 形容词 如 真题再练 的第10 12题 20 但从历年来的全国卷来看 除上述考点外 还考了或可能考 1 动词 名词 attract attraction 2 动词 副词 surprise surprisingly 现将主要考点归纳如下 21 1 形容词与副词的转换 高频考点 quickly rudely widely really carefully easily angrily happily heavily busily shyly luckily finally politely highly 22 simply possibly probably terribly nobly comfortably gently amply reliably 23 basically classically magically optimistically scientifically publicly wholly truly 24 2 名词与形容词的转换 architectural personal national central practical cultural agricultural traditional 25 physical mathematical statistical western southern northern southwestern 26 horrible terrible merciful peaceful beautiful powerful 27 selfish childish anxious ambitious curious humorous 28 significant distant silent different convenient 29 efficient emergent urgent daily timely manly motherly 30 responsibility possibility flexibility sleepy difficulty noisy sunny 31 kindness sadness happiness length width warmth truth illness 32 privacy adequacy troublesome cruelty safety tiresome historic al scientific bravery shortage wisdom 33 3 动词与名词的转换 presentation explanation education examination preparation pronunciation 34 introduction description pollution contribution revision 35 attraction protection suggestion intention discussion expression possession impression 36 permission extension conclusion division performance acquaintance guidance 37 encouragement development agreement dependence difference reference preference announcement 38 approval survival refusal pressure departure mixture 39 discovery variety classification advice apology growth tendency 40 4 动词与形容词的转换 admirable reliable comfortable reasonable harmful hopeful careful useful 41 imaginary attractive impressive creative 42 widen lessen worsen enrich enable ennoble 43 5 表示否定的前缀与后缀 disagree disappear discover 44 impolite impatient inconvenient mislead misdirect mistrust 45 unfair unfit unfortunate unusual endless stainless tasteless useless 46 6 表示人的后缀 teacher stranger villager employer inventor educator visitor conductor 47 interviewee payee absentee waitress hostess stewardess goddess 48 Japanese Burmese Vietnamese American Australian Indian Korean Chinese 49 historian librarian physician politician novelist tourist cyclist scientist 50 beggar accountant consultant applicant servant 51 1 2016海南七校 Butitdoesn tmeanwecanuseit free inschool 修饰动词 use 作状语 用副词 2 2016山西联考 No sir Youmustalsostartpreparingforthewinterifyouwanttohaveenoughtoeat theantsaid serious 修饰动词 said 作状语 用副词 freely seriously 52 3 2016宁夏银川 I usual playitasbackgroundmusicwhileI mdoingsomehousework 修饰动词 play 作状语 用副词 4 2016四川绵阳 They success designedandbuiltarobotfordiscoveringunexploredmines 修饰动词designed用副词 故用successfully usually successfully 53 5 2016湖北荆门 Brazilianofficials sincere hopehostingthegameswillimprovelifeinBrazil 修饰动词hope用副词 故填sincerely 6 2016重庆二诊 Itmusttakeplaceina care controlledenvironment undertheguidanceofyourdoctor 修饰动词的过去分词controlled 用副词 carefully sincerely 54 7 2016重庆育才 Nancywas bad hurtandcouldonlywalk 修饰谓语动词作状语 用副词 bebadlyhurt意为 严重地受伤了 8 2016四川成都 ButwhenIdo eventual speaktohim Iwillsaysorry 修饰动词应用副词 故填eventually eventually badly 55 9 2016山东师大附中 Theexamwas particular importantbecauseheknewhisfuturecareermightbeatstake 在紧要关头 修饰形容词 important 作状语 用副词 10 2016东北师大附中 However beforeIgotonthebike Ifelt extreme nervousandIwasafraidthatIwouldfalloff 修饰形容词 nervous 用副词 particularly extremely 56 11 2016河北名校联考 Youcanimaginehow terrible shyIwaswithsomanyeyesfixeduponme 修饰形容词shy作状语 要用副词 12 2016福建五校 actual childrenlearnviolentbehaviorfromadultsorfrom 作状语 放在句首 修饰全句 用副词 故填Actually terribly Actually 57 13 2016衡水中学 obvious agoodhabitcanhelpustospeeduptoreachourdestinations 作状语 修饰整个句子 用副词 故填Obviously 14 2016哈师大附中 Helaughedandwavedattheboy whodid exact thesamething 表示 正好 恰恰 修饰名词短语thesamething 用副词 Obviously exactly 58 15 2016衡水中学 Ifyoualwaysgotobedandgetupataboutthesametime thiswillseta health rhythminyourlife 在名词前作定语要用形容词 故填healthy 16 2016福建 Myclassmatesattended vary eventssuchasrunning highjumpandlongjump 在名词前作定语要用形容词 healthy various 59 17 2016哈师大附中 Icouldn timaginewhatitisliketoloseyourhomeandeverythingthatyouknowandthe power effectthehurricanehadonthosepeople 在名词 effect 前作定语要用形容词 powerful 60 18 2016衡水中学 Wecanstartthehabitbywritingsummariesandremembertorecordsomething impress andmeaningful 由and可知 要与形容词meaningful词性一致 一起作something的后置定语 故填形容词impressive 给人印象深刻的 impressive 61 19 2016衡水中学 Otherwise youmaygetso interest thatyouwon twanttogotosleepevenwhenyoufeelsleepy 在系动词get后作表语要用形容词 表示 人 感兴趣的 用v ed形式作形容词 20 2016东北师大附中 Thebikewasabirthdaypresentfrommyuncle Youcanimaginehow excite IwaswhenIsawthebike 作was的表语用形容词 表示 感到激动的 用excited interested excited 62 21 2016山东师大附中 Althoughhehadrevisedthesamethingsagainandagain hewasn tsureatallhow succeed hewouldbe 在句中作表语要用形容词 22 2016宁夏银川 Iheardthatlisteningtoclassicalmusicis help inreducingstress 作表语用形容词 successful helpful 63 23 2016海南七校 Somethinkitis convenience togetintouchwithotherswiththecell phone 固定句型Itisconvenienttodosth 意为 做某事很方便 24 2016宁夏银川 There sclear evident thatpeoplewholistentolivelymusicarelivelypeople 在therebe后要用名词 作句子的主语 evidence convenient 64 25 2016福建五校 moreandmorestudentswoulddropoutofschooliftheirpersonal safe couldnotbeguaranteed 在条件状语从句中作主语要用名词 或者根据在形容词性物主代词后应当用名词 故填safety safety 65 26 2016重庆二诊 Thebestspeed eat traintheirstomachstoexpand 本句谓语动词是train 要填的词是主语 故用名词 表示 这些吃东西的人 故用eaters eaters 66 27 2016河北名校联考 Ihadno choose buttoprepareforit though 因作动词have的宾语 要用名词 另外 havenochoicebuttodosth 除 外 别无选择 是固定搭配 choice 67 28 2016衡水中学 Thereisafamoussaying Goodhabitsleadtogoodendings whichshowsthe important ofhabits 作动词show的宾语 用名词 故填importance importance 68 29 2016四川成都 Nevertheless apologiesmightbeanimportantsocialtoolastheyreaffirm 重新确认 the exist ofrulesthatneedtobeobserved 作动词reaffirm的宾语 用名词 或者根据在the与of之间一定是填名词 故填existence existence 69 30 2016四川绵阳 Thestudentsuseavideogamecontrollertodirectits move inthetank 在形容词性物主代词its后 要用名词 作动词direct的宾语 故填movements 用复数表示泛指 31 2016黑龙江哈三中 Afarmeronceorganizeda compete betweenhisdogandhisrabbit 作动词organized的宾语 用名词 故填competition movements competition 70 32 2016河北名校联考 Actuallywithmy confident buildingup Inowturnouttobeagreatspeaker 作介词with的宾语用名词 或根据在形容词性物主代词 my 后面 要用名词 33 2016重庆育才 Nancy couldonlywalkwithgreat difficult 作with的宾语 用名词 withgreatdifficulty意为 很困难地 confidence difficulty 71 34 2016贵州贵阳 IwentoffinsearchofhiminhopesthatIcould unite himwithhisowners 情态动词后要接动词原形 而unite本身就是动词 根据句意 我希望能让它 这条小狗 和它的主人再次团聚 故填reunite reunite 72 35 Actually I agree withyouoverthismatter Ihavemyownview 36 Thebenefitsand advantage ofabilitygroupingcanbelistedasfollows disagree disadvantages 73 37 IamsorryI understand whatyousaid misunderstood 38 Itwasimportantforyouto write theessaytopolishitaccordingtotheeditor ssuggestion rewrite 74 39 Thevillageisfarawayfromthecounty andtheyfindit convenience ifbusesarenotavailable 40 YouwillbefinedifyousmokeinpublicinHongKongbecauseitis legal todoso inconvenient illegal 75 41 Inmostcountries itis polite toaskaboutotherpeople sincome 42 Itwas possible foranyonetogetinbecausenooneknewthepassword 43 Hegot patient asthefirsthourpassedandthenanother impatient impolite impossible 76 44 Shewastakentohospitalsufferingfroman regular heartbeat 45 Sheisnoteasytogetalongwith Ifindherverycooland friendly 46 Tomostyoungchildren beinglaughedatbyothersisan pleasant experience irregular unfriendly unpleasant 77 47 Wehavesome finished businesstosettle 48 Ifyouare willing togo don thesitatetosayno unfinished unwilling 49 Shefailedto lock thesafeinspiteofallherefforts sosheaskedhimtohelpheropenit unlock 78 50 Itwasan believable momentwhenChriswonthegoldmedal 51 ManycitiesinChinanowhavedirector stop flightstoBeijing 52 Wemust large ourviewsbyreading unbelievable non stop enlarge 79 53 Hewasabsentfroman national conferenceinGeneva 54 Someofthe village hadnotedthenumberofthetruck international villagers 80 55 Over300 compete frommorethan80countriescompetedintheGames 56 Today science arestillfacedwithmanyunknownfactors competitors scientists 81 57 Theaudiencewarmlyclappedtowelcometheworld famous violin oneofthebestintheworld 58 Thebossofthecompanyisawoman andmostofher employ arealsowomen 59 Hehasastrongdesiretobecomea music soheworkshard violinist employees musician 82 60 PeopleinChinadon tlikehuggingeachotherwhenmeeting whichisacommonpracticeinsomeother Europe countries 61 Thecoupleandtheirtwochildrenliveinan Asia communityinSanFrancisco 62 She saverygreatdramatic act and direct European Asian actress director 83 63 Asthewageswerelow therewerefew apply forthejob 64 Itisimportanttoknowyourown strong and weak applicants strengths weaknesses 84 65 However moneydoesn talwaysbring happy topeople 66 Wearereadytofaceany hard 67 Nowadaysborrowingmoneyisthequickestwaytoendagood friend happiness hardship friendship 85 68 Justastheoldsayinggoes honest isthebestpolicy 69 Heexperiencedgreat difficult ingettingavisatoleavethecountry 70 Theyshowgreat anxious abouttheirretirementallowance honesty difficulty anxiety 86 71 It sveryimportanttoteachthechildrenaboutroad safe 72 Wemustacceptthe possible thatwemightbewrong 73 Idon tthinkyouaretellingmethewhole true aboutwhathappened safety possibility truth 87 74 Thelawstatesthateveryonehasthe free topractisetheirownreligion 75 Withknowledgeand wise theoldmanisrespectedandlovedbythepeople freedom wisdom 88 76 Theprogramwillbeof significant intheprocess 77 Theworkrequiredgreat patient significance patience 89 78 TheFrenchgovernmentcalledforanendtothe violent 79 Hewasawardedforhis brave inthebattle 80 Wediscussedshorteningthe long ofthecourse length violence bravery 90 81 Veniceisoneofthegreattourist attract intheworld 82 Hehasmadeanimportant contribute tothesuccessoftheproject 83 Mr Smithisthepresidentofalargeinternational organize attractions contribution organization 91 84 Shewillgiveafull explain ofthe decide tousonMonday 85 Herperfect pronounce attractedeveryonepresent 86 Theychargedfor admit sowecan tenterwithout permit explanation decision pronunciation admission permission 92 87 In conclude weshouldliketothankallthosewhohaveworkedsohardfortheproject 88 Shelikesfilmsthathaveahappy end 89 Everyonelikestoworkinpleasant surround conclusion ending surroundings 93 90 Successisnotfinaland fail isnotfatal Itisthecouragetocontinuethatcounts 91 Hecelebratedthe arrive oftheNewYearwithapartyforhisfriends failure arrival 94 92 Theissuehascausedheatedpolitical argue 93 Inagood marry bothhusbandandwifeworkhardtosolveanyproblemsthatarise 94 Thewomanplayerwillmakehersecondpublic appear thisSaturday argument marriage appearance 95 95 Canyoutellmewhattherealreasonforyour absent was 96 Hemadean apologize tousforhis rude tous 97 Sheactedinthe believe thatshewasdoinggood absence apology rudeness belief 96 98 Findajobandendyour depend onyourparents 99 Hegavea humour accountoftheirtriptoTibet dependence humourous 97 100 Itcanbe benefit toshareyour feel withsomeoneyoutrust 101 Theyexportedcornandother agriculture productstoothercountries 102 Myfriendwas hunger sowedrovetoashoppingmalltogetsomefood beneficial feelings agricultural hungry 98 103 Noisehasalwaysbeenthemost trouble probleminprospectingearthquakes 104 HehastwobigroundChinese woo