初中英语人教版七年级下册unit 4.doc

Unit4 Dont eat in class1、 重点词组及短语： 1.school rules 学校规章制度 2.break（fallow/keep）the rules 违反(遵守)规章制度 3. arrive late for class = be late for class 上课迟到 4.dining hall饭厅，餐厅5. in class 在课堂上 6.on time准时（in time及时）7. eat in the classroom 在教室里吃东西 8. wear a hat (hats) 戴帽子 9. listen to 听 10.school uniforms校服 11. wear uniforms穿制服12.I see我明白了 13. have to do 不得不做14.be（keep）quiet保持安静15.according to根据，依据 16.make （up）rules 制订规则17.share （sth ）with sb 和某人分享（）18. on school days在上学期间19. on school nights在校期间的晚上 20. practice (playing) the piano 练习弹钢琴21.go out外出22.see friends看望朋友23.clean (ones) room打扫房间24.do the dishes洗餐具25. too many/much太多的(可数/不可数 )26.make (ones) bed铺床 27.go to bed去睡觉（be in bed 在床上）28.think about (sb/sth/doing sth)考虑（某人/某物/做某事）29.be strict (with sb)对某人）要求严格 30.learn to do sth学（做某事） 31. Dont talk. = No talking.不要说话。 二、重点句型：1. Dont arrive late for class. You must be on time.get to/reach/arrive 到达不同点：get to+地点；reach+地点 arrive at+小地点（车站等）；arrive in+大地点（国家等）注意：get to/ arrive与地点副词（here/there/home）不用介词toEg: I arrived home at 15:00. =I got home at 15:00.=I reach home at 15:00. He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.=He got to Shanghai yesterday =He reached Shanghai yesterday He arrived yesterday.arrive late for= be late foron time“准时，按时”，指按规定的时刻不早不晚。in time“及时”，指没有迟到，时间还充裕。2. Dont listen to music in class.hear、listen和sound都有听的意思，但三者是有区别的： hear听说侧重于听的内容。 Eg:Im sorry to hear that you are ill. 听说你生病了我很难过。 listen听侧重于听这一动作。 Listen to music/the radio 听音乐/广播Eg:Listen to me carefully. sound听起来它是系动词后面接形容词等。Eg:That sounds great. / It sounds like fun. 3.Dont fight.fight作动词，意为“打架、打仗”。其过去式为fought.fight for“为而斗争”，后面常接抽象名词，表示为事业、自由等而斗争。Eg:They are fighting for freedom. fight against“为反对而战斗”，后接事物名词、人和国家名词。Eg: They fought against the enemy. 他们和敌人作战。fight with“和打架”，“同（并肩）战斗”，后只接表示人或国家的名词。Eg:Dont fight with him.4. Ms./Mrs./Miss.Ms.：“女士”，用于婚姻状况不明或不想区分婚否的女子的姓前。Mrs.：“夫人”，用于已婚女子姓前。 Madam:也用于已婚女子，意为“夫人、女士”，一般单独使用，不与姓连用Miss.：“小姐”用于未婚女子姓前，还常用于年轻的女教师的姓前，可译为“老师”。5.Can we wear a hat in class?Wear表示状态= be in；后面可以跟衣服、鞋子、帽子、眼镜6. Can we bring music players to school?bring“带来”指把东西从别处带到说话地。 bring hereEg:Bring your homework here tomorrow,please.take“带走，拿走”指把东西从说话地带到别的地方。 take thereEg:Can you help me to take the books to the classroom?bring/take.to. 把某物带到某地【例题】_away this dirty shirt and _me a clean one.A.Take;bring B.Take;take C.Bring;take D.Bring;bring7. practice the guitar/play the guitar(西洋乐器前加定冠词the)作v. 后接名词、代词、动名词（即doing）。作n. 练习，一般情况不可数，但是：do morning exercises8. 注意时间前面的介词（P22）On school nights at night 在晚上On school days in the day 在白天9. There are too many rules!回顾there be与have的区别：There be表示某个地方“存在”某物或某人；而have表示主语“拥有”某人或某物。但如果表示部分与整体的关系时，there be与have(has)这两种表达方式可以互换：A week has seven days.= There are seven days in a week.too many,too much与much too的区别：意义及用法例句too manyadj.“太，太多”，接可数名词There are too mang people in the park.too muchadj.“太多”，接不可数名词I have too much homework today.much tooadv.“太，非常”，接形容词或副词My mother is much too busy.【例题】I have _skirts and this one is _large for me,so you can take it if you like. A. too many; too much B. too much; much too C. too many; much too 10. Dont leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen!Leave在此处译为“遗弃” 用法：leave sth. sp.当leave sth sp. 还可以译为“把某物忘在某地”，注意leave此时不可以改成forget。11. After dinner, I cant relax either. either此处译为“也”，注意三个“也”的用法区别：either, too与also意义及用法例句either“也”，用于否定句中，置于句末时用I wont go there,either.too“也”，用于肯定句句末，用“，”隔开I like dancing,too.also“也”，用于肯定句句中，置于实义动词前I also like English.relax 放松 relax oneself. relax relaxed relaxing12. I must read a book before I can watch TV.read a book=do some doing 注意区分四个“看”：watch 观看（活动的画面，足球，TV, 比赛） look at 看(强调看的动作，不一定看见)see 看见 看到 （强调看的结果） read 看（书、报）13. I know how you feel.(回顾unit3的宾语从句，注意从句要使用陈述语序)14. Parents and schools are sometimes strict, but remember, they make rules to help us.sometimes - 有时，时常，时而some time - 一段时间some times - 好几次，好几倍sometime - （在）某个时刻，（在）某时间点 sometime in the futurestrict是形容词，意为 “严格的”； “严厉的”，通常与be动词连用。be strict with sb “对某人严厉”Eg:We should be strict with ourselves. be strict in (doing) sth “对某事要求严格”Eg:Our boss is strict in our work. remember“记得，记住”，是及物动词，可以直接加名词。remember doing sth记得已做某事（已做）Eg:I remember seeing him once.我记得见过他一次。remember to do sth 记得要做某事（还没做）Eg:Remember to close the door when you leave.forget“忘记，忘了”，作remember反义词时，用法和remember相同。make rules 制定规则 follow the rules 遵守规则help sb with sth./ help sb (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事help oneself(myself/yourself/herself) to+n.请随便用Eg:Please help yourselves to some fruit.请随便吃些水果。15.else和other的区别：else 和 other 都有“其它”的含义：不定代词/疑问词+else ；other+名词填空：I had nothing _to do. What_animals do you like? 3、 语法1. 情态动词 have to 的用法：必须、不得不它侧重于客观上的必要和外界的权威。 结构：主语+have to+动词原形+其他 （have to has to had to）Eg:We have to wear sneakers for gym class. 在体育课上我们必须穿运动鞋。 Tom has to practice the guitar every day. 汤姆每天必须练习弹吉它。 （I had to get up at 5:00 am last Monday. 上周一我不得不早上5点起床。） 否定形式:主语+dont have to+动词原形+其他 (dont have to doesnt have to didnt have to )Eg:Nick doesnt have to wear a uniform. 尼克不必穿制服。 We didnt have to do our homework at once. 我们不必马上完成作业。 疑问句：Do 、Does或Did+主语+have to +动词原形+其他 Eg:-Do you have to stay at home on weekends? -Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 【例题】Lucy has to wear sports shoes for P.E. class.(该为否定句)Lucy _ _ to wear sports shoes for P.E. class. 情态动词must的用法：must表示说话人的主观看法，及主观上的必要性，还用于命令或愿望。只用于现在时，无人称和单数的变化。在表示过去、将来和完成时，用have to的相应形式来代替must.在表示有做某一个动作的必要和义务，它的意思是“必须，应该”。Eg:You must finish your homework fist. 你必须先完成作业。表示有很大把握的判断或者推测，意思是“一定，准是”。Eg:The tall man must be your father. 那个高个子男人一定是你的爸爸。 以must开头的一般疑问句，它的否定回答用neednt（不必要），不用mustnt（不允许），mustnt常用于否定句中表示“不允许，禁止”。Eg:-Must I go there on foot?我必须得走过去吗？ -No,you neednt.不，你不需要。 You mustnt park your car here.你的车不允许停在这儿。情态动词can的用法： 表示能力：会能，在Unit1中已经学习过这种用法 Eg:Can you play the guitar? I can dance and sing. 表示允许、许可：可以、能即在这一课中新学的词义 Eg:Can the students run in the hallways? Can I come in? 我能进来吗表示猜测：e.g. That cant be my dad. He is at home now. 2. 祈使句（Imperative Sentence）定义：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号或感叹号来表示结束。祈使句类型：a) V型祈使句（以行为动词开头） Listen to me，please. 请听我说. 请求 Stop! 停下来!命令Watch your steps.走路小心。警告b) B型祈使句（以Be开头） Be quiet, please.= Please be quiet. 请安静。 c) L型祈使句（以Let开头） Let me help you. Let后宾语是是第一人称时，否定形式是在宾语后加not，Eg: Lets not do that again.如果Let 后面宾语是第三人称，否定形式是在Let前加助动词Dont,Eg: Dont let them come in.d) D型祈使句(以Dont+动词原形开头) Dont let the dog in. Dont talk in class.e)N型祈使句（以No开头） No talking! No parking!【例题】1_late for class! A.Dont B.Not be C.Dont be2_worry about me Mom.Ive grown up.A.Dont B.Dont be C.Not D.Not be3Run in the hallways.（改为否定句） _ _in the hallways.练习一、单项选择( )1.- Dont run in the room. - , Uncle. A. Excuse me B. Sorry C. No( )2. Peter wear sports shoes for the gym class today. A. have to B. has C. has to( )3. Our teacher us not to arrive late for the class. A. says B. talks C. tells ( )4. - we have to clean the classroom after school? -Yes, you . A. Can, can B. Do, have C. Do, do ( )5.You cant eat outside. Its dirty. A. in B. at C. / ( )6. late for school. A. Not B. Dont C. Dont be ( )7. Helen never to school late. A. arrives B. gets C. get( )8. We cant listen to music in the classroom we can listen to it outside. A. and B. or C. but( )9. Dont run in the hallway fight in the classroom. A. and B. or C. but( )10. Lets talk in class. A. dont B. not C. not to( )11. What ca