讲座高考英语单项选择的解题技巧.doc

高考英语单项选择的解题技巧 高考英语单项选择考查的知识点主要包括名词、代词、冠词、形容词和副词、动词和动词短语、动词时态及语态、非谓语动词、情态动词、虚拟语气、定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、强调句型、倒装句、省略和情景交际等。近年来单选的题干内容越来越贴近生活，语言更加灵活。它既要求考生对英语语法知识、词语知识的记忆、理解、掌握和运用能力，又要求根据题干所给的语境条件进行分析、对比，灵活地运用各项英语基础知识。因此要做好单项选择题，除了在平时的学习中做好基础知识的积累外，还需要掌握一定的答题技巧，提高答题的准确率1. 解题原则： 1)逻辑思维 2） 语法结构 3） 固定搭配2. 细心审题，看清题干和四个选项，在充分理解题干的基础上答题，切忌草率选择，否则可能掉入陷阱。3. 解析题干，努力发现所考点的知识并揣摩命题者的意图。4. 注意题干所提供的特定语境的作用5. 确定为答案的选项必须在意义上和语法上都成立。6. 对于考查词汇辨析 短语的题目要同时注意句子的意义和结构搭配。7. 在做交际用语的题目时， 逐一排除母语的干扰。 考试题目千变万化，但万变不离其宗，复习重点应放在常考，易混，难记的知识点上，不要在英语语法上钻牛角尖，重视典型试题的示范作用，认真研究高考试题，学会归纳总结，有目的地学习和备考，跳出题海。 冠词：1） 不定冠词，定冠词，零冠词的基本用法 2） 关注固定短语，特殊句型的活用1. 全国卷：It is generally accepted that _ boy must learn to stand up and fight like _ man. A. a, a B. a, the C. the, the D. a, /2. 陕西卷：As is known to all, _ Peoples Republic of China is _ biggest developing country in the world A. the, / B. /, the C. the, the D. /, /3. 江西卷：-Its said John will be in a job paying over $60, 000 _ year. -Right, he will also get paid by _ week. A. the, the B. a, the C. the, a D. a, a4. 山东卷：Take your time-its just _ short distance from here to _ restaurant. A. /, the B. a, the C. the, a D. /, a5. 浙江卷：Experts think that _ recently discovered painting may be _ Picasso. A. the, / B. a, the C. a, / D. the, a6. 全国卷II As he reached _ front door, Jack saw _ strange sight. A. the, / B. a, the C. /, a D. the, a7. 重庆卷：In communication, a smile is usually _ strong sign of a friendly and _ open attitude.A. the,/ B. a, an C. a, / D. the, an8. 四川卷：Dr. Peter Spence, _ headmaster of the school, told us, _ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.A. /, A B. /, The C. the, The D. a, A代词： 整体把握各类代词，人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，指示代词，疑问代词，不定代词的基础上，应重点掌握不定代词和替代词（it, one, that, ones, those)的用法和区别。1. 安徽卷： Surprisingly, Susans beautiful hair reached below her knees and made _ almost an overcoat for her. A. them B. her C. itself D. herself2. 北京卷： The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase _. A. them B. those C. it D. that3. 天津卷：We feel _ our duty to make our country a better place. A. it B. this C. that D. one4. 福建卷：We have various summer camps for your holidays. You can choose _ based on your own interests. A. either B. each C. one D. it5. 湖南卷：I knew that _ would ever discouraged him; he would never give up wanting to be a director. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing6. 江西卷：Why dont you bring _ to his attention that youre too ill to work on? A. this B. it B. this D. him7. 山东卷：The two girls are so alike that strangers find _ difficult to tell one from the other. A. it B. them C. her D. that8. 浙江卷：Since people are fond of humor, it is as welcome in conversation as _ else. A. anything B. something C. anywhere D. somewhere9. 重庆卷：-Silly me! I forget what my luggage looks like.-What do you think of _ over there? A. the one B. this C. it D. that10. 四川卷：There is _ in his words. We should have a try.A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything11. 全国卷：I got this bicycle for _:My friend gave it to me when she bought me a new one. A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing12. 辽宁卷：-Would you like tea or coffee? - _, thank you. Ive just had some water. A. Either B. Both C. Any D. Neither13. 上海卷：To stay awake, he finished a cup of coffee and ordered _.A. the other B. other C. the others D. another提示： 1. it做人称代词，代替前面提到的事物 2. it指时间 季节 天气 距离及it作形式主语和形式宾语 3. it is/was - that 4.it is +a.+ for sb. to do sth. it is +a. +of sb. to do sth. it takes sb. some time to do sth.表时间的句型：It is time(about time, high time) that- Its the first/second time that - It is -since- It will be - before形容词副词： 1）形容词副词比较级最高级常用句型 2） 倍数表达法 3） 词义辨析 4） 根据语境意义，确定形容词/副词1. 天津卷：The young man couldnt afford a new car. _ he bought a used one.A. Besides B. Otherwise C. Instead D. Still2. 福建卷：Nowadays, there is a _ increase in childrens creativity, for they are greatly encouraged to develop their talents.A. sharp B. slight C. natural D. modest3. 陕西卷：The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be _ the present one.A. as three times big as B. three times as big as C. as big as three times D. as big three times as4. 江西卷：-The film is, I have to say, not a bit interesting. - Why? Its _ than the films I have ever seen.A. far more interesting B. much less interesstingC. no more interesting D. any less interesting5. 江西卷：The house was too expensive and too big. _, Id grown fond of our little rented house.A. Besides B. Therefore C. Somehow D. Otherwise6. 江西卷：She has already tried her best. Please dont be too _ about her job.A. special B. responsible C. unusual D. particular7. 浙江卷：The professor could tell by the _ look in Marias eyes that she didnt understand a single word of his lecture.A. cold B. blank C. innocent D. fresh8. 浙江卷：Ive been writing this report _ for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow. A. finally B. immediately C. occasionally D. certainly9. 浙江卷：My schedule is very _ right now, but Ill try to fit you in.A. tight B. short C. regular D. flexible10. 全国卷II It is one thing to enjoy listenting to good music, but it is _ another to play it well yourself. A. quite B. very C. rather D. much11. 全国卷II Mr Stevenson is great to work for-I really couldnt ask for a _ boss. A. better B. good C. best D. still better12. 安徽卷：_, I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.A. Hopefully B. Normally C. Thankfully D. Conveniently13. 湖北卷：The old engineers eyes still shone bright in the wrinkled brown face and his step as he came across the room was _, though slow.A. shaky B. heavy C. casual D. steady14. 四川卷：- How was your recent trip to Sichuan? - Ive never had _ one before.A. a pleasant B. a more pleasant C. a most pleasant D. the most pleasant名词： 词义辨析 固定搭配1. 福建卷：The lack of eco-friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major _ of global climate change.A. result B. cause C. warning D. reflection2. 江西卷：Whats the _, in your opinion, of helping him if he doesnt make an effort to help himself? A. sympathy B. theme C.object D. point3. 山东卷：Theres a _ in our office that when its somebodys birthday, they bring in a cake for us to share. A. tradition B. balance C. concern D. relationship4. 浙江卷：Anyway, I cant cheat him-its against all my _.A.emotions B. principles C. regulations D. opinions介词及介词短语： 介词的辨析，习惯搭配 重视固定习语的积累，关注在不同语境中习语的使用，常积累，经常复习1. 安徽卷： Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek _ food safety problems.A. in B. to C. on D. after2. 北京卷：With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken _ color.A. by B. for C. with D. in3. 天津卷：He was a good student and scored _ average in most subjects.A. below B. of C. on D. above4. 浙江卷：I always wanted to do the job which Id been trained _.A. on B. for C. by D. of5. 江苏卷：Wed better discuss everything _ before we work out the plan.A. in detail B. in general C. on purpose D. on time6. 上海卷： Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you _ the tough years.A. through B. up C. with D. from7. 山东卷：Im sorry I didnt phone you, but Ive been very busy _ the past couple of weeks.A. beyond B. with C. among D. over动词及短语：1. 意思相同或相近动词的比较2. 同一动词构成不同词组3. 意思相近相同动词短语4. 特别关注动词make, have, get, take, turn的意义和用法2011年高考题1.江苏卷： -Are you still mad at her? -Not really, but I cant _ that her remarks hurt me.A. deny B. refuse C. reject D. decline2. 江苏卷：-You look upset. Whats the matter? - I had my proposal _ again.A. turned over B. turned on C. turned off D. turned down3. 浙江卷: The school isnt the one I really wanted to go to, but I suppose Ill just have to _ it.A. make the best of B. get away from C. keep an eye on D. catch up with4. 山东卷：They are broadening the bridge to _ the flow of traffic.A. put off B. speed up C. turn on D. work out5. 江西卷：You cant predict everything. Often things dont _ as you expected.A. run out B. break out C. work out D. put out6. 陕西卷：Some insects _ the color of their surroundings to protect themselves.A. take in B. take off C. take on D. take out7. 福建卷：Born into a family with three brothers, David was _ to value the sense of sharing.A. brought up B. turned down C. looked after D. held back8. 天津卷：I _ a bank account after I made $1,000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation. A. borrowed B. opened C. entered D. ordered9.天津卷：She _ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.A. turned down B. dealt with C. took after D. came across10. 安徽卷：If you _ faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.A. come across B. care about C. look for D. focus upon11. 辽宁卷：What are you doing out of bed, Tom? Youre _ to be asleep.A. supposed B. known C. thought D. considered12. 辽宁卷：You are old enough to _ your own living. A. win B. gain C. take D. earn13. 辽宁卷：The exam results will be _ on Friday afternoon.A. put down B. put off C. put up D. put away14. 全国卷：William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to _.A. disappear B. fall C. fail D. damage15. 全国卷： I can _ the house being untidy, but I hate it if its not clean.A. come up with B. put up with C. turn to D. stick to16. 全国卷II： Mary, I _ John of his promise to help you. A. told B. reminded C. warned D. advised17. 福建卷：Id prefer to _ my judgment until I find all the evidence.A. show B. express C. pass D. reserve18. 浙江卷：He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of _ at a hotel for the night.A. putting down B. putting off C. putting on D. putting up19.安徽卷： As the story _, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered.A. begins B. happens C. ends D. develops20.湖北卷：Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they may also _ our thinking. A. direct B. limit C. change D. improve21. .湖北卷：The government has taken measures to _ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.A. take down B. bring down C. hand down D. tear down22. 四川卷：To get a better grade, you should _ the notes again before the test.A. go over B. get over C. turn over D. take over23. 四川卷：I often _ the words I dont know in the dictionary or on the Internet A. look up B. look at C. look for D. look into2010年高考题1.（全国I 22）. The workers _ the glasses and marked on each box “This side up”A. carried B. delivered C. pressed D. packed2.( 全国II 8). My mother opened the drawer to _ the knives and spoons.A. put away B. put up C. put on D. put together3.(安徽卷 22).No matter how low you consider yourself ,there is always someone _you wishing they were that high.A. getting rid of B. getting along with C. looking up to D. looking down upon4.（安徽卷 23）.How did you like Nicks performance last night ? To be honest ,his singing didnt _to me much?A. appeal B. belong C. refer D. occur 5.（福建卷30）. Weve just moved into a bigger house and theres a lot to do. Lets it.A. keep up with B. do away with C. get down to D. look forward to6.（福建卷33）.In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well.I cant agree more. Its great to have the two .A. linked B. related C. connected D. combined7.（湖北卷27）. Duty is an act or a course of action that people you to take by social customs, law or religion.A. persuade B. request C. instruct D. expect8. （湖北卷28）. Just as the clothes a person wears, the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time, his house his personality.A. resembles B. strengthens C. reflects D. shapes9. （湖北卷29）.Had she_ her promise, she would have made it to Yale University.A. looked up to B. lived up to C. kept up with D. come up with10.（江苏卷24）. Thousands of foreigners were_ to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened.A. attended B. attained C. attracted D. attached 11.（江苏卷26）. The experiment has_ the possibility of the existence of any life on that planet, but it does not mean there is no life on other planets.A. found out B. pointed out C. ruled out D. carried out12.（江西卷26）. Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just sweet dreams.A. keep up withB. put up with C. end up withD. catch up with13.（江西卷25）. Parents much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.A. attachB. pay C. linkD. apply14.（辽宁卷32）. The new movie _to be one of the biggest money-makers of all time. A. promises B. agrees C. pretends D. declines 15.（辽宁卷28）. Thousands of people _ to watch yesterdays match against Ireland.A. turned on B. turned in C. turned around D. turned out16.（山东卷27）. Sam _ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it. A. brought up B. looked up C. picked up D. set up17.（山东卷31）. Your house is always so neathow do you _ it with three children? A. manage B. serve C. adapt D. construct18.（陕西卷14）. You look well. The air and the sea foods in Sanya must _ you, I suppose. A. agree with B. agree to C. agree on D. agree about 19.（四川卷8）. Jenny was looking for a seat when，luckily，a man and left. A. took up B. got up C. shut up D. set up20.（四川卷6）. Some people eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what nice. A. looks B. smells C. feels D. tastes21.（天津卷1）. He telephoned the travel agency to_ three air tickets to London. A. order B. arrange C. take D. book22.（天津卷11）. Joining the firm as a clerk, he got rapid promotion, and _ as a manager.A. ended up B. dropped out C. came back D. started off23（浙江卷12）. After that, he knew he could _ any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability. A. get away with B. get on with C. get through D. get across24.（浙江卷4）. The majority of people in the town strongly _ the plan to build a playground for children. A. consider B. support C. confirm D. submit2009年高考题1. The good thing about children is that they _ very easily to new environments.A. adapt B. appealC. attachD. apply2. Just as Professor Scotti often it, success is ninety-nine percent mental attitude.A. gets B. makes C. puts D. means3. We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all .A. given away B. kept away C. taken up D. used up4. We are at your service. Dont to turn to us if you have any further problems.A. beg B. hesitate C. desire D. seek5. Would you please _ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes?A. look around B. look into C. look up D. look through6. During the war there was a serious lack of food. It was not unusual that even the wealthy families had to _ bread for days.A. eat up B. give away C. do without D. deal with7. The loss has not yet been_ accurately, but it is believed to be well beyond a hundred million dollars.A. calculated B. considered C. completed D. controlled8. Some parents are just too protective. They want to _ their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined. A. spot B. dismiss C. shelter D. distinguish9. It is reported that the police will soon _ the case of two missing children.A. look upon B. look after C. look into D. look out10. I tried phoning her office, but I couldnt_.A. get along B. get on C. get to D. get through11. -Do you have enough to _all your daily expenses?-Oh yes, enough and to spare.A. cover B. spend C. fill D. offer12. Encourage your children to try new things, but try not to them too hard.A. draw B. strike C. rush D. push13. Amy joined a painting group but didnt seem to _, so she left.A. show B. go up C. fit in D. come over14. A. notice was in order to remind the students of the changed lecture time.A. sent up B. given up C. set up D. put up15. Have you _?No. I had the wrong number.A. got in B. got away C. g