2objectiveTest.ppt

Proficiencytest水平测试 achievementtest成绩测试 aptitudetest潜能测试 diagnostictest诊断测试Discrete pointtest分立式测试 integrativetest综合性测试 communicative pragmatictest交际性测试 语用性测试Subjectivetest主观测试 objectivetest客观测试 purpose Kindofskill Methodofscoring Speedtest速度测试Powertest难度测试Criterion Referenced标准参照考试Norm ReferencedTests常模参照考试 Difficultylevelandtimeallowed Evaluationofscore BasicstructureofMCitem Enidhasbeenhere halfanhour A duringB forC whileD sinceKey正确答案Distractors干扰项 Stem题干 Options选择项 StepsinwritingMCitems Decideonthetestpoints whattobetested Writestemandkey Writedistractors Reviseoptionsandstem PutoptionsinsequenceRearrangekeysofthewholetestpaper Step1 decideontestpoints Decidethedistributionoftestpointsinthewholepaperandmakeadjustmentsaccordingtothecoverageform eg Grammarpointsarebasedonthoselistedinthecoverageformwhichisdeterminedbythesyllabusandthetestdesign andtheitemsshouldbeabouttheweakpointsamongthetestpopulation Step2 writestemandoptionsaccordingtothetestpoints Writeasentenceorashortpassagerepresentingthetestpoint Takeoutthetestpointaskey Example Enishasbeenhereforhalfanhour Step3 writedistractors Distractorsshouldbebasedonpossibleresponsesonthepartofthetesteetotheitem Possibleresponsescouldbeobtainedfromtheory suchasthetargetlanguagesystem contrastofL1andL2 learningtheoriesandtestingtheories etc frompracticeandexperience Step4 revisestemandoptions todinner HowverythoughtfulofyoutotakemeHowverythoughtfulofyoutakingmeHowverythoughtfulofyoufortakingmeHowverythoughtfulofyouandtakeme Thepurposeofthisstepistomakethewordingconciseandaccurate sothetesteewouldnotneedtotakeextratimetoreadandunderstandthetestitem Exampleofstep4 Howverythoughtfulofyou metodinner totaketakingfortakingandtakeThisversionisnotonlyeconomicbutalsoprominentintestpoint Themajordifferencebetweenvowelsandconsonantsisthepresenceorabsenceof A aspirationB voicingC obstructionofairstreamintheproductionD nasality Step5 arrangeoptionsinsequence Thisstepistopreventoptionsequencefromgivinghintstothekey SquenceaccordingtolengthSquenceaccordingtosizeortimePuttogetheroptionsthataresimilarinform meaning structure orcontrastetc Movethekeylaterwitheasieritemsandputthekeyatthebeginningwithdifficultitemssothetesteeneedstoreadalloptionsbeforemakingthechoice donotmakeittooregular Exampleofstep5 Sequenceaccordingtolength Step6 rearrangekeysofthewholetestpaper KeysshouldbeevenlydistributedonA B CandDsothatguessingwouldbeprevented Testwriterstendtoputthekeyinacertainposition Theyareallowedtodoitatrandom thepossibilitiesaresequencedasfollows C B D A veryfewornone Techniquesforwritingdistractors Makinguseoflearners typicalweaknessesMakinguseofwordmisunderstandingorincorrectwordassociationsMakinguseofconfusionsbetweenwords Exampleoftechnique1 Whichiscorrectandappropriatetofillintheblank Wrongchoicewillcauseyoutolosemarks Youcanchoosemorethanoneorchoosenone OnarrivinginHainanwesawabigslogan toHainan WelcomeWelcomeyouWewelcomeyouYouarewelcomeWarmlywelcomeyouYouarewelcometocomeWewarmlywelcomeyoutocome Exampleoftechnique2 1 Fromhisworn outclothesyoucanjudgethatheisamanofmodestmeans heisanaveragetailorheusessimplemethodsheisnotarichmanheisnotaproudman Examplefortechnique2 Ourbosshasgoneforgood gonetobuygoodsgoneforagoodreasongone whichisagoodthinggone andwillstayawayforalongtime Examplesfortechnique3 1 Hetriedto hisanger SuppressCompressOppressDepress Examplesfortechnique3 Peterwasseencryingwhenhewascomingoutoftheprincipal soffice Wecan thathemusthavebeenpunishedbytheprincipal InduceInductDeduceDeduct Examplesfortechnique3 Mr Woodthelawyerhasmany andmakesalotofmoney FrequentersCustomersPatronsClients Examplesfortechnique3 Let shopethatscientistswillsoon apracticalsolutiontotheproblem takeupwithcomeupwithkeepupwithputupwith BasicRequirementsforMCitems Correct concise andappropriatelanguageAvoidbeingbiasedCleartestpoint testedpointedshouldbemoredifficultorequallydifficultOnlyonekeytoeachitemOptionsshouldbeindependentofoneanotherOptionsshouldbehomogeneous 一致的 NogivingawayofcluestothekeyAlldistractorsshouldhaveplausibility 可能性 Avoidwritingtrickyitems 诡题 Examplesforrequirement1 Iwouldtakeanumbrellawithme HadIbeenyouIwereyouWereIyouIhadbeenyou Examplesforrequirement1 Itwasorderedthatnosmoking inthelibrary isallowedbeallowedwillbeallowedwasallowed Examplesforrequirement1 IfI theforeignlanguagelastyearI it havebeenfondof wouldtakewasfondof wouldhavetakenwerefondof wouldhavetakenhadbeenfondof wouldhavetaken Examplesforrequirement2 Pickoutthewordineachofthefollowinggroupsthatisnotrelatedtothegivensubject hospital A theatreB sisterC wardD safe tape recorder A wheelB trackC headD volumeThewholefamilyateattherestaurant Caf TeahouseHospitalClinic biasinMCitemsofteninvolvesculturalbackground orspecialfieldofknowledge Examplesforrequirement3 Youaregoingtothemovies A aren tyouB don tweC aren ttheyD aren tITestpoint1 subjectintagTestpoint2 auxiliaryintagRevised Youaregoingtothemovies you A aren tB don tC areD do Examplesforrequirement3 Theydecidedtochangetheplan A adoptB reviseC submitD abandon Herethefourtestedwordsaregrade4words helpingword change isgrade1word Examplesforrequirement3 It stoowindytogoforawalk A swimB sailC driveD strollRevised It stoowindytogoforastroll A swimB sailC driveD walkLevelofthetestpoint testedword wordsshouldbemoredifficultorequallydifficult Requirement4 Onlyonekeytoeachitem NomorethanonekeytoeachitemNolessthanonekeytoeachitem Examplesofrequirement4 Myfather metobecomeadoctor A thinksB saysC hopesD suggests MET1978 Thisis nokeyitem Examplesofrequirement4 Greatmennevergiveup difficulty A infaceofB infaceoftheC inthefaceofD inthefaceofthe MET1985 twokeyitem bothA Carekeys Examplesofrequirement5 Optionsshouldbeindependentofoneanother Itdoesn tstandtoreasonthathewouldlie A worrymeB bothermeC seemlogicalD seemtypicalAandBarealmostthesame sothetwooptionsareuseless Suggestion changeAto grieveme Examplesofrequirement5 Thisarrangementsuitsmedowntotheground 这种安排对我再合适不过了 A isexactlywhatIwantB isagainstmywishesC isnotwhatIwantD isaburdentomeOptionsB Careuselessbecausetheymeanthesame Examplesofrequirement6 Optionsshouldbehomogeneous Thatmanwasdeadtoallsenseofshame A quitedeadB dead andcouldnotfeelshameanymoreC tooashamedD shameless nothomogeneousinlength Suggestion 1 changeBto senseless2 ChangeAto dead hehadactuallydiedofshame Examplesofrequirement6 Doyouthinkhe suptosomething A tryingB interestedC doingsomethingheshouldn tD ready thisisevenmoreproblematic thelongoptionisthekey Suggestion 1 ChangeA tryingtodosthentirelynew2 Changeallintolongoptions A tryingsomethingentirelynewB interestedinsomethingC doingsomethingheshouldn tD readytodosomething Examplesofrequirement6 Theprisonerescapedbytheskinofhisteethfromtheheavily guardedprison A bitthroughtheelectriccablesandescapedB pretendedtogotoadentistandsoescapedC barelyescapedD washelpedbytheprisondentisttoescapeSuggestion A DaringlyescapedB cunninglyescapedC BarelyescapedD easilyescaped Examplesofrequirement6 Honestlythemoviewasnotgood butitwascomic andtheaudience allthetime A yawned verb B wassad linkingverb adj C clapped verb D laughed verb Structrallynothomogenous Suggestion changeBto wept Examplesofrequirement6 Youshouldhaveoverlookedhismistake A havecorrectedB haveacceptedC haveadmittedD nothavenoticedHe ssuchabusypersonthathealwaystravelsby plane A aB hisC theD nowordisneededSuggestion ChangeC to nothaveadmittedHe ssuchabusypersonthathealwaystravelsby A aplaneB hisplaneC theplaneD plane Examplesofrequirement6 Shegetsalongverywellwithhercolleague sosheisthemostcompatibleclerkofourcompany A heavy 重的 B impetuous 容易冲动的 C congenial 能和睦相处的 D imperious 爱发号施令的 Nothomogeneousincategory Suggestion changeAto convivial 好宴饮交际的 Examplesofrequirement6 It stoowindytogoforawalk A swimB sailC driveD strollRevised It stoowindytogoforastroll A swimB sailC driveD walkHomogeneousindifficultylevel wordsintheoptionsshouldbeofthesamedifficultylevel ExamplesofRequirement7 Nogivingawayofcluestothekey Differentitemsinthesametestpaper 23 Hedidn tattendthemeeting Ifhehad you wouldsee hadseen wouldhaveseen him 28 Ifyou were hadbeen hereyesterday youwouldhaveseenComradeLi smother from周永启等 1981 历届研究生 留学生英语试题选编 天津人民出版社 ExamplesofRequirement7 StemgivesawaythekeyThefrownontheman sfaceshowedthathewasdispleased A lookoffearB lookofangerC lookofdelightD lookofsurprise 林汝昌1982 Suggestion changethestem Thefrownontheman sfaceshowedclearlyhisreactiontothenews ExamplesofRequirement7 Hethoughtitwaslawfultobuyagunwithoutapermit A allowedbylawB againstthelawC apleasureD necessary Formationoftestedwordgivesawaythekey ExamplesofRequirement7 Peopleattendingthemeetingwereall A mathematicteachersB mathematicsteachersC mathematicsteacherD mathematic steachers Combinationofoptionvariantsgivesawaythekey ExamplesofRequirement7 Theprofessorsometimesmakesremarksthatarenot thetopicA relevantwithB relevanttoC relatingtoD relevantforIarrived Houston January5 10 10A at in atB to on atC in on atD in at on ExamplesofRequirement8 Alldistractorsshouldhaveplausibility TheoldboxwascapaciousenoughtoholdJohn sbooks A uncleanB smallC colorfulD largeRevised Johnputallhisbooksina n capaciousbox A oldB woodenC paperD large Highgradewordtestisadifferentcase Johnputallhisbooksina box A capriciousB capaciousC captiousD copious ExamplesofRequirement8 Oneofthemachinesstopped andcausedablockadeintheassemblyline A torunB runC ranD runningSuchanerror thi