从女性主义角度解读《嘉莉妹妹》英语论文.doc

XXXX大学本科毕业论文（设计）任务书编 号： 论文（设计）题目： 从女性主义角度解读嘉莉妹妹 学院： XXX学院 专业： 英语教育 班级： XXXX级英语教育X班 学生姓名：XXX 学号： XXXXXXXX 指导教师： XX 职称：XX 1、 论文（设计）研究目标及主要任务本论文的研究目标是从女性主义角度解读女主人公嘉莉.米贝的新女性形象。2、论文（设计）的主要内容 本论文分为两章，第一章介绍嘉莉从依附家庭成员和情人到实现独立，并分析其依赖的客观社会原因。第二章讨论了嘉莉自我意识的觉醒。3、论文（设计）的基础条件及研究路线 本论文的基础条件是不同的研究者对文章的不同解读。 研究路线是对嘉莉.米贝在男权社会的新女性形象进行具体的阐释和解读。4、主要参考文献E.L. Doctorow. 1958. An Introduction to Sister Carrie. New York: A Bantam Book, Inc.Abrham H. Maslow , G.N. 1970. a theory of human motivation. New York: Harper & RowCharvetr, J. 1982. Feminism. London: J.M. Dent& Sons Ltd.,蒋道超，1999，德莱赛研究，上海：上海外语教育出版社。朱达，1989，论德莱赛的嘉莉妹妹，外国文学研究。5、计划进度阶段起止日期1确定初步论文题目3月9日前2与导师见面，确定大致范围，填开题报告和任务书，导师签字3月9日-3月16日3提交论文提纲3月16日-3月23日4交初稿和文献综述3月23日-4月20日5交终稿和评议书5月8日前指 导 教师： 年 月 日教研室主任： 年 月 注：一式三份，学院（系）、指导教师、学生各一份XXXX大学本科生毕业论文（设计）开题报告书XXX 学院 英语教育 专业 XXXX 届学生姓名XXX论文（设计）题目从女性主义角度解读嘉莉妹妹指导教师XX专业职称 XX所属教研室英语高级教研室研究方向英美文学课题论证：从女性主义角度解读女主人公嘉莉.米贝的新女性形象。方案设计：第一章介绍嘉莉从依附到独立，第二章阐述嘉莉自我意识的觉醒。 进度计划：3月9日前确定初步论文题目 3月16日前写开题报告、任务书3月23日前提交论文提纲4月20日前提交初稿和文献综述5月8日前交终稿和评议书指导教师意见： 指导教师签名： 年 月 日教研室意见： 教研室主任签名： 年 月 日XXXX大学本科生毕业论文（设计）评议书姓 名XXX学院XXX学院专业英语教育年级（班）XXXX级英语教育X班论 文 题 目从女性主义角度解读嘉莉妹妹完成时间XXXX/4/12论文内容摘要 西奥多.德莱赛是二十世纪美国文学史上的一名著名作家。他的作品深受广泛读者的喜爱。同时，德莱赛在文学评论界也备受关注。他的第一部小说嘉莉妹妹是自然主义的代表作，一直以来都是美国文学史上的讨论热点。评论家们从不同的视角对这部作品进行了研读，但很少从女性角度进行系统研读。小说以十九世纪末二十世纪初的美国为背景，当时美国社会正处于社会变革时期。工业化的出现改变了人们的生活方式和思维方式，尤其是女性的思想。其中，流行的消费主义和根深步步名利双收，而殷实的饭店经历赫思德伍德却沦落为乞丐，自杀身亡。此论文包括简介和结论，共由四章组成。第一章简单介绍了作者，尤其是其家庭背景和主要作品。第二章介绍了在根深蒂固的男权社会新女性涌现的现状，分析了嘉莉实现独立于家庭和情人的过程。第三章讨论了三种传统女性及其各自不同的命运轨迹。着重分析了嘉莉自我意识的觉醒，包括对美的意识和才能意识及其生活态度由消极向积极的转变。第四章总结全文和嘉莉妹妹的研究方向。此研究的重要性包括三方面。首先，本文细致地阐述了文本，让读者对情节和人物性格及关系有了更深刻的了解。其次，本文使用理论论证，让人信服。再次，本文分析了新女性的具体表现，激励更多的女性摆脱家庭的束缚，实现经济独立，在男权社会追求自由。指导教师评语 年 月 日指 导 教 师职称初评成绩答辩小组姓名职称教研室组长成员答辩记录： 记录人签字： 年 月 日答辩小组意见： 组长签字： 年 月 日学院意见： 评定成绩： 签章 年 月 日XXXX大学本科生毕业论文（设计）文献综述Literature ReviewSister Carrie has been a stir and studied widely by scholars from all over the world since its publication. Different scholars have different understandings about it. Some interprets it from American feminist perspective. Beauvoir Simones is one of them. In his The Second Sex, published in 1954, he analyzes womans different situation in different life phrase, including childhood, puberty, sex enlightment phrase after-marriage, being a mother and growing old and makes judgements on potential predicament she may encounters, such as becoming a homo-sexual or famous star. The author also explains developing process and complicated incentive social causes of narcissistic woman, woman in love and pious woman. Finally she points out that the only road to liberation is to become independent. He emphasized that only by improving economic status, can woman be actually equal with man in a male-dominated society. Susman Warren published Culture as history: the Transformation of American Society in Twentieth Century in 1984. It is one of the seminal books that made popular culture a central concern of American historians. With amazing creativity, clarity, and wit, Warren Susman (1927-1985) takes us on a provocative tour of the highlights of American culture. By looking at all types of 20th-century culturehighbrow, lowbrow, and middlebrowSusman shows how culture itself has become a battleground for competing visions of American life. Fourteen essays include such topics as the nature of American conservatism, the cultural contradictions of a consumer society, and the role of the urban experience in the development of American culture. In his opinion, people are all influenced by the industrial development and consumerist society, which is an apparent feature exhibited at the society transformation era. They show intensive demand and continutous desire for material things. Later in 1997, Ruth Lister. Citizenship publishes Feminist Perspectives. Ruth Lister argues for a new feminist notion of citizenship, one that can accommodate difference. Lister argues that citizenship has traditionally been a tool of social and political exclusion, inequality, and xenophobia. How, then, she asks, can it lend itself to an inclusive analysis and to politics able to accommodate difference? And how can it offer a solid foundation for progressive, nondiscriminatory policymaking? Addressing these difficult questions, Lister draws on a range of disciplines and a burgeoning international literature on citizenship. To pinpoint the important theoretical issues that they raise, Lister recasts traditional thinking about the concept of citizenship, exploring its political and policy implications for women in all their diversity. Themes of inclusion and exclusion (at the national and international level), rights and participation, inequality and difference are thus brought to the fore in the development of a woman-friendly theory and praxis of citizenship. This book provides new insights for both theory and policy. It will be of particular interest and relevance to students in a range of disciplines - including womens studies, political science, sociology, and public policy studies - as well as activists and policymakers. Karen J. warren publishes ecological feminism. This anthology is the first such collection to focus on the exclusively philosophical aspects of ecological feminism. It addresses basic questions about the conceptual underpinnings of women-nature connections, and emphasizes the importance of seeing sexism and the exploitation of the environment as parallel forms of domination. Ecological Feminism is enriched by the inclusion of essays which take differing views of the importance and nature of ecofeminism. Donald Pizer publishes New Essays on Sister Carrie in 2007. The introduction by Donald Pizer describes in detail the biographical and historical background of the novel and its critical reputation. The four original essays in the volume not only touch on long-established approaches to Sister Carrie but also reflect a number of the concerns of recent scholarly and critical movements. Each of the essays is a self-standing examination of a major area of interest in the novel, including such topics as the impact of Dreisers own life on the creation of Carrie and Hurstwood, the relationship of Carrie and the theater, and Dreisers naturalism and his narrative technique.本科生毕业论文设计从女性主义角度解读嘉莉妹妹作者姓名 XXX 指导教师 XX 所在学院 XXX学院 专业（系） 英语教育 班级（届） XXXX级 英教X班 完成日期 XXXX 年 5 月 8 日Feminist reading on Sister Carrie ByXXXXProf. XX, TutorA Thesis Submitted to Department of English Language and Literature in PartialFulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of B.A in EnglishAt XXXX UniversityMay 8, XXXXAbstractTheodor Dreiser is a distinguished writer in American literature in twentieth century. He boasts readers all over the world. In the meantime, Dreiser is widely discussed in critical filed. His first novel, Sister Carrie is his first novel and typical representative of naturalism and has remained a hot topic in American literature. By now, this novel has been researched from various perspectives, but few from feministic aspects systematically. With American society at the turn of the 19th and 20th century, the novel witnesses great transformation of that era. The booming industrialization changes peoples life style as well as their way of thinking and ideology, especially females thoughts. Sister Carrie juxtaposes rise to become a celebrity of a country girl and degradation of an affluent manager to a homeless beggar and finally resorts to suicidal. However, popularized commercialism and patriarchal thoughts imposes negative influence on woman, despite of which, Carrie achieves independence from family and lover and realizes talent and beauty awareness.The thesis is composed of two chapters.Chapter one introduces the emergence of new woman in the deeply-rooted patriarchal society, analyzes Carries independence from family and lovers and explains the objective reason for her dependence- consumerist society.Chapter two discusses three kinds of traditional woman and their fate pattern and concentrates on Carries gradual achievement of beauty awareness and talent awareness and her attitude to reality from passiveness to activeness.The significance of the study includes two aspects. Firstly, through the analysis, the researcher wants readers to be more familiar with plot and characters of this novel, not merely regards it as a naturalistic work. Secondly, the research tries to employ concrete supporting theories to analyzeKey words independence self-consciousness freedom摘 要 西奥多.德莱赛是二十世纪美国文学史上的一名著名作家。他的作品深受广泛读者的喜爱。同时，德莱赛在文学评论界也备受关注。他的第一部小说嘉莉妹妹是自然主义的代表作，一直以来都是美国文学史上的讨论热点。评论家们从不同的视角对这部作品进行了研读，但很少从女性角度进行系统研读。小说以十九世纪末二十世纪初的美国为背景，当时美国社会正处于社会变革时期。工业化的出现改变了人们的生活方式和思维方式，尤其是女性的思想。其中，流行的消费主义和根深步步名利双收，而殷实的饭店经历赫思德伍德却沦落为乞丐，自杀身亡。此论文包括简介和结论，共又四章组成。第一章简单介绍了作者，尤其是其家庭背景和主要作品。第二章介绍了在根深蒂固的男权社会新女性涌现的现状，分析了嘉莉实现独立于家庭和情人的过程。第三章讨论了三种传统女性及其各自不同的命运轨迹。着重分析了嘉莉自我意识的觉醒，包括对美的意识和才能意识及其生活态度由消极向积极的转变。第四章总结全文和嘉莉妹妹的研究方向。此研究的重要性包括三方面。首先，本文细致地阐述了文本，让读者对情节和人物性格及关系有了更深刻的了解。其次，本文使用理论论证，让人信服。再次，本文分析了新女性的具体表现，激励更多的女性摆脱家庭的束缚，实现经济独立，在男权社会追求自由。关键词 独立 自我意识 自由Table of ContentsAbstractAbstract in ChineseIntroduction1 Chapter From Affiliation to Independence4.Gaining independence from family5.Gaining independence from lovers7.An objective reason for her dependence-consumerist society.10Chapter From obedience to self-consciousness12A. Beauty awareness14B. Talent awareness15C. From passive acceptance to active pursuit.16Conclusion20Notes23Bibliography2436IntroductionA. A Brief Introduction to DreiserTheodore Dreiser is born in a strict Catholic family in Terre Haute, Indiana, on Aug. 27, 1871. His family was mostly impoverished. According to Donald Pizer, it was a family at the very bottom of social scalepoor, large, ignorant, and superstitious.Full of illusions over prosperity of the city, he went to Chicago in 15 after drop-out in Indiana University, where he was a handyman with slender pay. He became a journalist in 23, which enabled him to see miserable struggle of the poor and the extreme extravagancy of the rich and see through the exploitative nature of Capitalism and laid foundation for his subsequent naturalistic works. He is one of the most extraordinary literary figures in America history of 20th century literature. He published his first novel, Sister Carrie in Nov.8, 1900, which was the first masterpiece of the American naturalistic movement. The depth of characterization and the novels conceptions proved Dreisers talent of being a literary master. His novels mainly deals with matters of the desire to escape poverty and the desire to possess wealth in a society that was in a period of transformationthe tide of migration from country to city; the impersonal nature of the urban setting of factories, tenements, and department stores; the contrast of poverty and wealth; the new culture of conspicuous consumption”.American Tragedy tells the story of an ambitious young person from the Midwest. In this case, however, the novels hero is a man who is brought to ruin because of a horrible action he commits - he murders a poor young woman whom he has gotten pregnant, but whom he wants to discard in favor of a wealthy young woman who represents luxury and social advancement.Dreiser is also known for the trilogy - The Financier (1912), The Titan (1914), and the posthumously published The Store (1947). Collectively the three books paint the portrait of a brilliant and ruthless financial buccaneer.Dreisers narration is natural, frank and free from plot exaggeration, sentimentality or pettiness. His tone is mostly serious, never sarcastic or comic. He wins admiration from readers for large quantities of real-life subjects, detailed, precise and painting-like descriptions, generous compassion over immorality. He is good at employing the journalist method of repetition to burn a central impression in readers mind.B. A Brief Introduction to Sister CarrieIn the novel, Dreiser abandons idealistic moralization and focuses on detailed factual presentation of the vagaries of urban life and sordid existence in human and society, and therefore encounters heavy attacks and condemnation from scholars, critics and press companies. Many reviewers views it as “gloomy” and “unhealthful” because the heroine, engages in sexual relationships without suffering the poverty and social downfall that were supposed to be the punishment for such sin.But this can not deny the fact that it becomes a beacon to subsequent American writers whose allegiance is to the realistic treatment of any and all subject matter.Sister Carrie survives over a century and remains to this day an influential example of naturalism and realism.Sister Carrie tells the story of an ignorant but honest, pretty, innocent and clever small-town girl who comes to the big industrialized city Chicago to make a living filled with vague ambitions for happiness. She is used by men and uses them in turn to become a successful Broadway actress while George Hurstwood, the married man with whom she has run away with, loses his hope in life and descends into beggary and suicide. In the process, Carrie struggles for material, physical and spiritual independence in patriarchal society. She is firstly a private doll of Drouet and Hurstwood and relies on them financially, thus is subordinate to them both physically and spiritually. Fortunately, she is finally able to get rid of insincere relationships and family confinement and becomes a free and strong woman who earns every penny with her own hands and receives material satisfaction. The story begins with 18-year-old Carrie Meeber, bright, timid and full of illusions of innocence and youth, boarding on a train to Chicago with little belongings. On the train, a salesman named Drouet is attracted by her beauty and initiated a conversation. Meanwhile, she is impressed with Drouets fine clothes and manner. Before arriving in Chicago, they agree on a date by exchanging address and Drouets promise to visit Carrie at her sisters house.At the sight of Minnie in station, Carrie feels harsh reality. By observation, Carrie realizes that Minnie lives a monotonous, dull and conventional life with and urgency of her finding a job to pay boarding. She goes to job-hunting with mixed timidity and bravery; finally she finds a job in a shoe factory, which she views as a temporary standpoint. After paying for Minnie and brother-in-law Hanson, Carrie cannot even afford a winter coat. She felt ill and lost job. Facing the crisis of leaving Chicago, she hunts job again but in vain. Frustrated and desperate, she goes across Drouet, to whom she tells about impasse she encountered. Drouet lends her a hand and persuaded her to leave Minnies house and rent a house for her.Then Drouet introduces her to Hurstwood, manager of a top-scale saloon, who is more decent and sophisticated than Drouet and owns a delicate house, a wife, a daughter and a son. Hurstwood falls crazily in love with Carrie and visites Carrie while Drouet is on a business trip. When he returns, Drouet secures a part for Carrie in a play. Carrie presentes outstanding performance and assures Hurstwood of determination to obtain Carrie. However, Drouet found about Hurstwoods frequent visit, which resultes in his serious quarrel with Carrie. Carrie blames Drouet for her ignorance of Hurstwoods marriage.Meanwhile, Hurstwoods continuing neglect and aloof arouses Hurstwoods wife Julias suspicion. Julia is a calculating, cold and self-centered woman. She knows Hurstwoods affair with a certain woman from a friends mouth. She confronts Hurstwood and takes a series of actions to punish Hurstwood, including filing for divorce, hiring a detective. Faced with financial and social collapse, Hurstwood steals 9 thousand dollars from bosss safe and allures Carrie onto a train to Montreal by tricks of lying that Drouet was injured. In Montreal, he returns most of the money to avoid prosecution and sentence.They get married under the name of Wheeler. Then they leaves for New York and rents an apartment. But Hurstwood fails to find a job. Finally he buys a partner in a tavern. Things are fine until the partner were dissolved. He resorts to find a new employment. Gradually, he loses desire in job-hunting and stays at home all day. They move into a smaller apartment due to financial embarrassment. Hurstwood degenerates into idleness and started gambling. Carrie sets out to find a place in a chorus. She becomes bread winner and pays for family expenditure. Then she leaves Hurstwood and lived with a friend.In the end, Carrie rises to fame and fortune in sharp contrast with Hurstwoods beggary and suicidal. Drouet acknowledges Carries career success and tries to restore relationship wi