商务英语阅读(第二版) 王关富 Unit5 Japan goes from dynamicto disheartened 课后答案.doc

Unit 5Japan Goes From Dynamic to DisheartenedExercises1. Answer the questions on the text:1) What were the two major factors comprising Japans economic bubble in the 1980s?# speculative stock# property bubbles2) What were the methods Japanese government adopted to stimulate its economy, but turned out to be a failure?# budget deficits# flood of easy money3) What does “economic Godzilla” mean in the text?It means economic giant with enormous power. It is so quoted because it is a Japan cultural icon.4) What are the reasons that the U.S. would not follow Japans suit, according to some economists?# the greater responsiveness of the American political system# Americans greater tolerance for capitalisms creative destruction5) What are the specified steps in the “deflationary trap”?Demand decreasessupply decreasesunemployment/reluctance in investingless spendingless demand.6) What are the factors contributing to Japans even dimmer future?# the worlds largest government debt (around 200% of GDP) # a shrinking population# rising rates of poverty and suicide7) Why do people today refer to the Japanese youth as “herbivores”?Because: under the background of long-term economic stagnation, younger generation of Japan become pessimistic and fatalistic, and they lack ambitions that their parents once valued and become mildly tempered and behaved in both career and sex.8) What do you think of Japans real estate industry?During the period of deflation, property keeps losing its value, and people then refuse to buy new houses and house-owners are burdened with large sums of loan. They have to come up with different ways to cut expenses, which sabotages peoples expectations towards a better future.9) Why is Mr. Kaiami expecting inflation to come back again?Because the Japanese economy has been depressed and sluggish for so long. If inflation comes back he expects to see vibrancy of the Japanese economy again.10) According to the article, how would you explain “destructive destruction”?On the contrary to creative destruction, which describes the chaotic changes that occur when a new product (i.e., technology) or service is introduced into the market, and entrepreneurs can make great profit by innovation, destructive destruction here means peoples pessimistic expectation renders them making their living by cutting expenses and selling current property rather than risking creating new fortune.2.Fill in each blank of the following sentences with one of the phrases in the list given below: 1) I have discovered that paying down your loan can result in being cash poor when a need or emergency arises.2) The road to recovery is a long one, so the politicians must wake up to the recession, accept it and get us where we need to go.3) All signs point to Apples iPad sales as the recovery of tablet PCs and future spending boom.4) During this urgent period, journalists were told to hold back on some stories in case they might do damage to the delicate administration.5) According to some analysts, BP Plcs oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico will drive down rental prices for deep- sea drilling vessels by about 20 percent.6) Consolidation is likely to increase since no one player controls more than 10 percent of the market, theres a golden opportunity for big fish to gobble up smaller businesses.7) According to a survey, teachers and lawyers are put in the most overtime, they toil for ten hours a week unpaid.8) They also added that they would not surrender the future of their children to a few people who are bent on enslaving them for life.9) Chinas top legislature is to deliberate about the draft amendment to the personal income tax law, a major move that is meant to narrow the widening gap between the countrys rich and poor.10) We must bridge the gap between the supply and demand of power if we are to achieve higher rates of economic growth on a sustainable basis in the next decade.3. Match the terms in column A with the explanations in column B:A B 1)budget deficit a) A procedure which, in certain jurisdictions, allows an individual to declare bankruptcy. 102)stagnation b) The highest-ranking corporate administrator in charge of total management of anorganization. 93)price war c) The amount by which a government, company, or individuals spending exceeds itsincome over a particular period of time. 14)speculative stock d) A procedure with rapid increases in valuations of real estate until they reach unsustainable levels relative to incomes and other economic elements, followed by a reduction in price levels. 85)deflation e) Commerce money that can be borrowed at a low interest rate. 76) gross domestic product f) A period of time in which an economy experiences difficulties and achieves little or no growth. 27)easy money g) Market situation in which (usually two) Powerful competitors try to usurp each others market share by progressively reducing prices until one of them retreats, at least temporarily. 38)property bubble h) The monetary value of all the finished goods and services produced within a countrys borders in a specific time period. 69)chief executive officer i)A general decline in prices, often caused by a reduction in the supply of money or credit. 510)personal bankruptcy j)a stock with high risk relative to any potentialpositive returns. 44. Translate the following into Chinese:自2008年经济震荡以来酋长国城市迪拜遭受了媒体的负面宣传。假如该城市国的统治者们在这时退缩的话，他们只能怪自己了。不管怎么说，是他们自己首先招徕了媒体的关注。只在二十来年之前，迪拜还只不过是空旷的沙漠而已，没有任何理由建曼哈顿式的高楼大厦，更不用说世界最高楼了。也就是说，除了浮华的抱负外没有任何其他理由能使荒芜之地变为世界上最具活力的城市之一。当迪拜塔 （世界最高塔最初的名称）开建时，迪拜正处于由国外投机商促成的划时代繁荣之中，奢华发展项目接连不断。1月4日迪拜塔正式开张时虽烟花绚丽多睬，但实际上这种哗众取宠的表现已开始衰减了。在这数周之前，迪拜最大的国有开发公司就已宣布无力偿债。官方公布的数据显示迪拜欠债主800亿美元，但阿拉伯地区最大的投资银行EFG-Hermes估计其债务可能高达1700亿美元。后来为了避免这一十分尴尬的局面，石油资源丰富的阿布扎比的统治者Sheik Khalifa al-Nahyan注入了100亿美元，而且该摩天大楼的主人把该楼改名为哈利法塔。对于一个习惯于华丽辞藻的城市来说，这已是相当的落魄了。不过，在接踵而来的恐慌、指控和幸灾乐祸之中，人们可能很容易忘记，海湾不仅仅只有迪拜。临近的竞争对手们从金融危机中恢复的状态比其伤痕累累邻居要好，其中有些因更丰富的石油天然气资源比迪拜要富得多。根据里雅得沙特法国银行和巴黎农业信贷银行首席经济学家John Sfakianakis的预测，海湾地区今年不光能从全球衰退中复苏，而且可能成为继东南亚经济后第二个最重要的全球经济增长中心。他说：“世界一直来只关注迪拜，但迪拜不是海湾合作委员会，”他指的是比较松散的海湾国家政治和经济联盟。“从短期看，迪拜的问题可能会影响世界对该地区的看法。但从长远看，海湾地区一定会展现强劲的增长势头。”5. Fill in each of the following gaps with one of the sentences given below:1) This is a nightmare for all but the most innovative businesses.2) Well, the Japanese are starting to do that.3) They might be living with their parents, saving their salaries for designer handbags.4) Always conscious that it has no oil of its own, Japan is now the most energy-efficient large economy.5) The capitals public-transport system also makes it easy and cheap to get around.Supplementary ReadingAsian Economies Rebound in Spite of the West1. The word decoupling in the first paragraph refers to the process that _.A. U.S. economy is still reliant on Asia countries export so as to revive in a short time.B. U.S. economy doesnt necessarily have to depend on Asian countries export.C. Asian economies become independent on U.S. consumption and boom all by themselves. D. Asian economies still have to depend on U.S. consumer spending.2. According to the context, what does “R.I.P.” in “decoupling R.I.P.” in the second paragraph mean?A. Rest in Peace. B. Routing Information Protocol.C. Render Immense Power.D. Recovery Is Possible.3. Which of the following is true as the signs of Asian economy recovery?A. Chinas export has increased by 17% every month this year.B. Indias 5.8% growth is not as good as estimated.C. Indonesia has achieved a quick and smooth growth of 4.4%.D. Indias performance has exceeded previous expectation. 4. What is the core of the decoupling thesis?A. The West will consume the majority of products that Asian economies produce.B. Asian economies can achieve growth among themselves by domestic demands. C. Consumer spending in Asia cant fill the gap left by falling exports to the U.S.D. U.S. can hold up its economy by domestic demand.5. What is one important reason of Asian revival according to Merrill Lynch?A. The West is getting richer and begins to consume more goods from Asia.B. China has a larger domestic demand which results in a jump in import from the rest of the region. C. Japan is more economically interrelated with other Asian countries.D. U.S. has declined the import from Europe and Japan, instead, it import more from Asia.6. Why does Chinese government spend large sum of money to cover 90% population with health-care