高一英语阅读理解十.doc

高一英语阅读理解专讲专练十推理 推理是在理解文章表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定的判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义的方法。有时作者并未把意图说出来，我们可根据字面意思，通过研究语篇的逻辑关系和细节的暗示，来推敲作者的态度，进行深层理解。推理是一种创造性的思维活动。 由于推理是在已知的基础上来推断未知的，因此我们必须忠实于原文，要以文章提供的事实和线索为依据来进行推理和判断，不能凭空想象，随意揣测，把自己的臆断强加给作者。正确推理包括这几个方面：弄清作者的意图，以及写作的缘由。分析材料所提供的信息。注意字、词的原意及引申含意。根据句子的含意推断作者的言外之意。总之，只有吃透文章的字面意思，推理才有前提和基础。Passage A Millions of years ago there were many types of dinosaurs on earth. Most dinosaurs were planteaters. The Apatosaurus, for example, had a long thin neck so that it could eat leaves from trees. Other dinosaurs were meateaters. The Tyrannosaurus Rex killed smaller dinosaurs for food. Dinosaurs were real animals that once lived on the earth, but they died out about 65 million years ago. The disappearance of the dinosaurs is in some way a great mystery (谜). Some scientists think that the climate changed suddenly. Fossils (化石) of trees tell us that the temperature dropped a lot and that the level of the sea dropped as well. This means that it got suddenly much colder. Perhaps the dinosaurs were too slow to change with the climate. A new idea is that a meteor (流星) crashed into the earth. Scientists discovered a place in Mexico where they think the meteor crashed. They think that there was a lot of dust from the meteor. The dust landed on the plants. Also the dust blocked (阻挡) the suns light for as long as five years. Many animals, including dinosaurs, were planteaters, and perhaps the dust killed them. This means there was nothing left for meateating dinosaurs to eat, and so they died out. But, as many animals from that time didnt die, we are not 100% sure what really happened. 根据文章内容，选择正确答案： 1. What is the subject discussed in the text? A. Dinosaurs, the real animals living millions of years ago. B. The two types of dinosaurs. C. The probable reasons for dinosaurs disappearance. D. A meteor crashed into the earth. 2. What are the two possible explanations to the dinosaurs disappearance? A. Temperature dropping and sea level dropping. B. Climate changing and meteors crashing. C. The dropping of temperature and sea level. D. Climate changing and the dust blocking the sun. 3. What is the direct cause of the disappearance of meateating dinosaurs? A. A meteors crashing. B. The dust blocking the sun. C. The planteating dinosaurs death. D. It is still unknown. 难句注释 The disappearance of the dinosaurs is in some way a great mystery. 恐龙的消失在某种程度上说还是个谜。 Fossils of trees tell us that the temperature dropped a lot and that the level of the sea dropped as well. 树木的化石告诉我们气温大大地降低了, 海平面也降低了。Passage B The elephant is the biggest fourlegged animal in the world. It is also, perhaps, the gentlest (温顺的), but not always! Elephants are like us in some ways. They live for a long time fifty or sixty years. They can remember things very well. They never forget great sadness or great happiness. If a female(雌性的)elephant dies, her daughters and her grand daughters are sad for many months. They stay with the dead body. Then they carry a bit of it away with them. They never forget a dead friend. Elephants are like us, but they are also different. They live in families of females. There will be a few young males a few “baby boys”. But the females will soon send them away. An elephant family keeps only its daughters, mothers and its great grandmothers. The females stay together for fifty, sixty.a hundred years. The older animals look after the younger ones. The mothers teach their daughters and set a good example. And what happens to male(雄性的)elephants? Well, the young males stay with their mothers for a time. Then they must leave the family. The females just send them away. A male elephant does not often have a friend. He lives apart away from the family, and often away from other male elephants. Sometimes the females call a male elephant. He can visit them then, and stay for a time. But soon his “wife” and sisters send him away again. The females have a very happy family life. What do the male elephants think about it? We dont know. 根据文章内容，选择正确答案： 1. In the elephant family, there are _. A. females and, sometimes, a few young males B. parents who live together C. only bulls with their male friends D. parents and all their babies living happily 2. An adult male elephant often _. A. lives together with his “wife” B. lives by himself C. has many female friends D. has many male friends 3. What would be the best title for the passage? A. The Elephant B. The Fourlegged Animal C. The Female Elephant D. The Elephants Family 难句注释 set a good example 树立一个好的榜样。 He lives apart away from the family. 他不和家人生活在一起。Passage C Animals are natural resources that people have wasted all through our history. Animals have been killed for their fur and feathers, for food, for sport, and simply because they were in the way. Thousands of kinds of animals have disappeared from the world forever. Hundreds more are on the danger list today. About 170 kinds in the United States alone are considered in danger. Why should people care? Because we need animals. And because once they are gone, there will never be any more. Animals are more than just beautiful and interesting. They are more than just a source of food. Every animal has its place in the balance of nature. Destroying one kind of animal can create many problems. For example, when farmers killed large numbers of hawks (老鹰), the farmers stores of corn and grain were destroyed by rats and mice. Why? Because hawks eat rats and mice. With no hawks to keep down their numbers, the rats and mice multiplied(繁殖)quickly. Luckily, some people are working to help save the animals. Some groups raise money to let people know about the problem. And they try to get the governments to pass laws protecting animals in danger. Quite a few countries have passed laws. These laws forbid the killing of any animals or plants on the danger list. Slowly, the number of some animals in danger is growing. 根据文章内容，选择正确答案： 1. Animals are important to us mainly because_ . A. they give us a source of food B. they are beautiful and lovely C. they keep the balance of nature D. they give us a lot of pleasure 2. What has happened to the animals on the earth? A. Hundreds of kinds of animals have disappeared forever. B. Many kinds of animals have died out. C. About 170 kinds of animals have disappeared forever. D. All kinds of animals are in danger. 3. Which of the following is NOT true? A. People care much about animals because they need them. B. Once a certain kind of animals is gone forever, there will never be any more. C. Killing all rats and mice may cause some problems. D. People must not kill any animals. 4. What can we infer from the fact that quite a few countries have passed laws protecting animals in danger? A. Every person will know the importance of protecting wild animals. B. Animals in danger will not be killed any more. C