定语从句关系代词讲解PPT课件.ppt

定语从句 TheAttributiveClause 1 先来看几个相关术语1 定语2 定语从句3 先行词4 关系词 2 1 定语 定语用来限定 修饰名词或代词的 是对名词或代词起修饰 限定作用的词 短语或句子 汉语中常用 的 表示 acleverboyTheboilingwaterFallenleavesThemanwhoyouarelookingfor 2 定语从句 修饰某一名词或代词的从句 DoyouknowthemanwhocametoseeXiaoYangthismorning 3 Whatisthefunctionoftheunderlinedpart Tomisahandsomeboy Thelittleboyneedsabluepen Theboyintheclassroomneedsapen ThepenboughtbyherismadeinChina Themanstandingthereismyteacher Theboywhoisreadingneedsthepenwhichyouboughtyesterday 单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前 作前置定语 短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后 作后置定语 定语从句 一个句子充当定语 4 3 先行词 4 关系词 关系代词that which who whom whose as关系副词where when why等 关系词常有3个作用 1 引导定语从句 2 代替先行词 3 在定语从句中担当一个成分 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词 引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词 关系词有关系代词和关系副词 5 Theboywhoisreadingneedsthepen 先行词 关系词 定语从句 先行词 被修饰限定的词 关系词 引导定语从句的词 定语从句 一个句子充当定语 6 Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves Hewholaughslastlaughsbest Nothingintheworldisdifficultforonewhosetshismindtoit 自助者天助 谁笑到最后 谁笑得最好 世上无难事 只怕有心人 Guessthemeaningofthefollowingproverbs 7 Allthatglitters 闪光 isnotgold HewhodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman 闪闪发光的不一定是金子 不到长城非好汉 8 Somesentenceswithattributiveclauseinthetext 1 Then laterthatafternoon anotherbigquake shookTangshan 2 Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthose andtoburythedead whichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstone whoweretrapped 9 Butthepeopleinthecity wenttosleepasusualthatnight ItwasheardinBeijing whothoughtlittleoftheseevents whichismorethan200kilometersaway 2020 3 22 10 Ahugecrack cutacrosshouses roadsandcanals Thenumberofpeople reachedmorethan400 000 thatwaseightkilometerslongandthirtymeterswide whowerekilledorinjured 2020 3 22 11 Description HeisaChinese HeplaysanimportantpartinNBA HewasborninShanghai Shanghaiisaninternationalcity Heisagoodman Peoplealllikehim Peopleareproudofhim Heisafamousbasketballplayer HiswifeisYeLi Helovesbasketball Heplaysbasketballverywell 12 HeisaChinese HeplaysanimportantpartinNBA HeisaChinesewho thatplaysanimportantpartinNBA 变为定语从句 13 HewasborninShanghai Shanghaiisaninternationalcity HewasborninShanghaiwhich thatisaninternationalcity 14 summary 主语 人 物 who that which that 15 Thosewhoareagainsttheplanputupyourhands Themanwhoisnexttoussellsvegetable Tomisoneofthestudentswhopraisedbytheteacheryesterday Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswhopraisedbytheteacheryesterday 关系代词在从句中作主语时 从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致 were was 16 Heisagoodman Peoplealllikehim Peopleareproudofhim Heisagoodmanwhom thatpeopleareproudof Heisagoodmanwhom thatpeoplealllike Heisagoodmanofwhompeopleareproud Or 17 Helovesbasketball Heplaysbasketballverywell Helovesbasketballwhich thatheplaysverywell 18 summary 宾语 人 物 whom that who 省略 which that 省略 19 Heisafamousbasketballplayer HiswifeisYeLi HeisafamousbasketballplayerwhosewifeisYeLi Hehasawife HernameisYeLi HehasawifewhosenameisYeLi 20 Theroomismine Theroom swindowfacessouth Theroomwhosewindowfacessouthismine 21 summary 定语 人 物 whose whose 22 关系代词的用法 关系代词在从句中可以 whom who which that whose 何时可以省略 做宾语时可以省略 23 从括号中选择正确的关系代词完成句子 1 Theseason followsspringissummer that who 不填 2 ThisisthemuseumwevisitedlastSaturday that whom 不填 3 TheboyJohnisspeakingwithismybrother which whom 不填 4 Thebuilding wallsarewhiteismyuncle shouse which whose 不填 练习巩固 that that 不填 whom 不填 whose 24 5 Willyoupleaselendmethebook youboughtyesterday which that whose 6 Thegirl legwasbrokenintheearthquakewastakentohospital who whom whose 7 Thestudent theteacherpraiseattheclassmeetingisourmonitor which whom whose 8 Ifoundsomephotosoftouristsites werenotfarawayfromourcity which that 不填 which that whose whom which that 25 看图填句 26 Theman isLiuxiang whoranfastest Liuxiangistheman whoranfastest 27 aboy hasascar forehead HarryPorterisaboy who thathasascaronhisforehead 28 2020 3 22 29 xinjiisacity Xinji acity developfast which thatdevelopsfast 30 基础练习 1 Isthatthehouse youboughtlastyear A whereB which2 Isthatthepicture youarelaughingat A whichB where3 Itisthemostinterestingbook I lleverread A whichB that B B A 2020 3 22 31 4 Thestreet istotheparkisverynarrow A whereB which5 Theperson findsmywatchwillgetareward A whoB when6 Thisistheroom welistenedtothelecture A whichB where B A B 2020 3 22 32 7 Theboy motherisillcannotcometotheparty A whoB whose8 Tellmethereason youarelate A whichB why B B 2020 3 22 33 翻译1 他指给我看他丢钱包的地方 2 我不认识那个和你说话的女孩 3 她是一个叫玛丽的女孩 Heshowedmetheplacewherehelosthiswallet Idon tknowthegirlwhom thatyouspeakto SheisagirlwhoiscalledMary 2020 3 22 34 4 那些正在打网球的男孩是我的朋友 Thoseboyswhoareplayingtennisaremyfriends 2020 3 22 35 关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换 但哪些情况只能用that 考点一 2020 3 22 36 只用that 不用which 1 all little much few none everything nothing something anything等不定代词作先行词或者先行词被其所修饰时 Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone 2 序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时 ThisisthebestTVthatismadeinChina 3 先行词前有theonly thevery thesame theright等修饰时 4 先行词既有人也有物5 主句以which who what开头的疑问句 Whothatyouhaveeverseencandoitbetter 2020 3 22 37 有哪些情况关系代词不用that 而用which who whom 考点二 2020 3 22 38 只用which 不用that 有机器的房间是车间 Theroom thereisamachineisaworkshop Theroom thereisamachineinisaworkshop inwhich which that 一 非限制性定语从句 二 用在介词后 Ihavelostthepen Ilikeverymuch which 2020 3 22 39 1 在非限制性定语从句中 指事物用which 指人用who或whom Hemadethesamemistakesagain madehisparentsveryangry YesterdayIboughtadictionary costmemorethan100yuan MrSmith gaveatalkseveralmonthsago willcomeagain Myunclehascomebackfromabroad Ihaven tmetforalongtime which which who whom Fillintheblanks 2020 3 22 40 1 Herbag inwhichsheputallhermoney hasbeenstolen 2 Thisistheringonwhichshespent1000dollars 3 XiaoWang withwhomIwenttotheconcert enjoyedhimselfverymuch 2 在介词后面 指事物用which 指人用whom 2020 3 22 41 3 whose引导的定语从句注意点 whose引导定语从句 其后应紧跟名词 构成名词短语 whose与它所修饰的名词一起可以作介词的宾语 如 Thebossinwhosedepartmentheworkedhadheardthenews 他工作所在部门的老板已经听说了这个消息 2020 3 22 42 whose的先行词指物时 可用ofwhich代替 但语序不同 即whose 名词 the 名词 ofwhich 或 ofwhich the 名词 如 Thenovelwhosetitle thetitleofwhich或ofwhichthetitle isRedandBlackisveryinteresting whose引导的定语从句 其先行词既可以指人也可以指物 2020 3 22 43 whose的先行词指人时 可用ofwhom代替 但语序不同 即whose 名词 the 名词 ofwhom 或 ofwhom the 名词 如 Theboywhosemother themotherofwhom或ofwhomthemother isadoctorismyfriend 2020 3 22 44 Thescientistwhowemetyesterdayisveryfamouswhomintheworld that 2 Thedressisnew Sheiswearingit Thedresswhichsheiswearingisnew that 1 Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld Wemetheryesterday 巩固练习 1 用定语从句合并句子 2020 3 22 45 3 Heisthekindperson Ihaveeverworkedwithhim 4 Thisisthebestfilm Ihaveeverseenthisfilm HeisthekindpersonwhoIhaveeverworkedwith whomthat ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen 2020 3 22 46 四 介词 which whom引导的定语从句 1 介词的选用原则 根据定语从句谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定 ThisisthebookonwhichIspent8dollars ThisisthebookforwhichIpaid8dollars 2020 3 22 47 2 根据先行词的习惯搭配来决定 IrememberthedayonwhichIjoinedtheParty IrememberthedaysduringwhichIlivedthere 2020 3 22 48 2 当介词放在关系代词前面时 关系代词只能用whom 指人 或which 指物 且关系代词不能省略 Themanwithwhomyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbor Ican tfindthepenwithwhichIwaswriting 2020 3 22 49 3 当介词位于定语从句末尾时 可用which that 指物 who whom that 指人 作从句中介词的宾语 而且作介词宾语的关系代词可以省略 whom who that which that Dadisaperson Icaneasilytalkto Isthistheplay youweretalkingaboutjustnow 2020 3 22 50 4 在一些固定搭配的动词短语中 由于动词和介词不可分割 因此不能把介词置于关系代词之前 如 Thisisthewatch that which Iamlookingfor Thebabies who whom that thenurseislookingafterareveryhealthy 2020 3 22 51 5 先行词是theway 意为 方式 方法 时 引导定语从句的关系词用that inwhich或省略 Ididn tliketheway shetalke