人教新目标九年级Unit9教学案.doc

Teaching Material: Unit 9 When was it invented?Teaching Aims: 1. Talk about the history of inventions;2. Learn the new words and phrases in this unit. 3. Learn more about the Passive Voice. Teaching Key Points:1. The Passive Voice used with different tenses; 2. The new words and phrases.Teaching Difficulties: How to use the Passive Voice with different tenses. Teaching Methods: Listening method, reading method and pair workTeaching Aids: A tape recorder Some picturesTeaching Procedures:Period I : Section A 1a- Grammar Focus 1. 学习new words: invent- inventor-invention Inventors invented many inventions. / Many inventions were invented by inventors.) calculator - handheld calculator computer - personal computer 2. 1a 学会用be invented before / after 可利用图片（the calculator; the telephone; the computer; the television; the car） 猜测其被发明的先后。The calculator was invented after / before 。3. 1b 1c 听力训练，When was the invented? It was invented in 。听并了解上述发明的先后顺序，及具体年份。4. 2a 学习new words: scoop; heel; adjustable; battery; slipper; operate; heat 先学习scoop (be used for eating); 学会What are they used for? They are used for doingshoes/ slipper (be used for wearing) The scoops, shoes and slippers are all ordinary things. Listen and catch some special things mentioned in the conversation: shoes with adjustable heels; battery-operated slippers; heated ice cream scoop(low/high-heeled shoes,) 再听，完成2b 学会： What are they used/ is it used for? It is/ They are used for doing。Who were they/ was it invented by? It was/ They were invented by 。5. Grammar Focus.读，复习三个句型: When was the car invented? Who was the car invented by? What are they used for? 转换：be used for doing 与 be used to do They are used for seeing in the dark. = They are used to see in the dark. Period II: Section A 3a Section B 2c1. 3a helpful inventions & annoying inventions alarm clock; light bulb; microwave oven; computer; television; door bell; monitor; traffic lights; telephone; air conditioner; fridge (refrigerator)What do you think is the most helpful invention? （掌握do you think 插入语）I think the most helpful invention is the light bulb.Why is that?It gives people more time to work and play every day. （口语，随意表达）对比：Who do you think will go to the concert? （who 作主语）When do you think they will go to the concert? (when 不作主语)附课外知识：1946年2月15日,世界上第一台计算机诞生于美国宾夕法尼亚大学莫尔学院. Electronic Numerical Intergrator and Calculator，简称ENIAC而第一部真正可以称得上计算机的机器，则诞生于1946年的美国，毛琪利与爱克特发明的，名字叫做ENIAC二. 计算机分类 : 1、巨型计算机（Supercomputer），也称超级计算机，它采用了大规模并行处理的体系结构，CPU由数以百计、千计的处理器组成，有极强的运算处理能力，大多5使用在军事、科研、气象、石油勘探等领域。 2、小巨型计算机（Mini Supercomputer），与巨型机相同，但使用了更加先进的大规模集成电路与制造技术，因而体积小、成本低，甚至可以做成桌面机形式，放在用户的办公桌上，便于巨型机的推广使用。 3、 主机（Mainframe），或称主干机、大型机。 4、小型计算机（Super Minicomputer） 5、工作站（Workstation），指SGI、SUN、DEC、HP、IBM等大公司推出的具有高速运算能力和很强图形处理功能的计算机。 6、个人计算机（Personal Computer），也称个人电脑（PC机）或微型计算机，它们价格便宜、性能不断提高，适合个人办公或家庭使用。 2. 1a 学习new words: crispy; sweet; salty; sour; bitter; spicy Bananas are _. Potato chips are_.Ice cream is _. Yogurt is _.Lemons are _. Pepper is _.Salt is _. Chinese medicine is _.3. 2a How were potato chips invented？ Listen and complete 2a. (True or False) Listen again and complete ab. 完成听力任务后，回顾故事：When were chips invented? In 1853. Who were chips invented by? By a chef called George Crum.How are chips made? Cut potatoes really thin Cook them for a long time until they are crispy Sprinkle lots of salt on them 知识：by mistake 错误地 I took her umbrella by mistake. 我错拿了她的伞。 in a good / bad mood 心情好或坏 She is in a good mood today. 她今天心情不错。 sprinkle 撒，洒 thin fat/ heavy 瘦胖 thin thick 薄厚Period III: Section B 3a- Self check 1. 3a Who invented tea? Read 3a and answer the four questions on the book. Learn about:l by accident: 偶然，碰巧 = by chance I met her in the street by accident/ by chance. = I happened to meet her in the street. l beverage: drinkl discover 发现：指发现一种世界上原来已存在，后来才被人们认识到的东西。 Columbus discovered America. 哥伦比亚发现了美洲。invent 发明，创造：指发明一种世界上原本不存在的东西。 find 发现，找到：相对于look for 而言的结果 I looked for the lost pen, but I didnt find it. find out 查明： Can you find out what time the train leaves?l according to 根据 You have been in prison six times according to our records. 根据我们的记录，你已经入狱六次了。l remain 停留 remain in s.p. = stay at s.p. I remain in London until May. 保持不变 He remained silent. 他保持沉默。 He remained standing. 他一直站着。 Read the passage after the tape, and then read together. 2. Self check. Complete the sentences. Learn about:l prefer sth. to sth. I prefer coffee to tea. 我喜欢咖啡胜过茶。prefer doing sth. to doing sth. I prefer walking to cycling. 我愿意步行，不愿骑车。prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. I prefer to stay at home rather than go out. 我宁愿呆在家里而不愿意出去。l in the +序数词 century in the twenty-first century 在二十一世纪 sef check 2 范文:The abacus was invented in the sixth century by Chinese people. The umbrella was invented about 4000 years ago in Assyria, China and Egypt. The binoculars was invented in 1854 by Ignatio Porro in Italy. The camera was invented in 1827 by Joseph Nicephore Niepce who took the first picture. The bicycle was invented in 1880s in EnglandPeriod IV: 被动语态的用法一、被动语态的构成形式： be过去分词（be+ done）1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： 1) am/is/are +done 一般现在时He reads the book. - The book _ by him. 2） has /have been done 现在完成时 He has read the book. -The book _ by him.3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时He is reading the book. - The book _ by him.4） was/were done 一般过去时He read the book. - The book _ by him.5） had been done 过去完成时He had read the book. - The book _ by him.6） was/were being done 过去进行时He was reading the book. - The book _ by him.7） shall/will be done 一般将来时He will read the book. - The book _ by him.8） should/would be done 过去将来时He would read the book. - The book _ by him.*观察总结：各时态形式的变化，主要是_ 的形式在变化。即可记住：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。2主动语态变成被动语态的方法分三步： （1）把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语；（2）把谓语变成被动语态结构（be+及物动词的过去分词），根据被动语态句子中主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式。（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：All the people laughed at him. 所有人都嘲笑他。第一步：宾语_ 变成_;第二步：谓语_变成_;第三步：主语_ 放在介词by之后, 成为_。整句变化为：_3. 被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词be过去分词。 例：The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.2) 动词后有两个宾语的，即直接宾语（物）和间接宾语(人)。有两种变法，例如：She gave me agift yesterday. 直接宾语是_ 间接宾语是_一种变法是：将间接宾语做被动句的主语。上句可变为I was given a gift（by her) yesterday.另一种是：将直接宾语做被动句的主语。这个结构需要：to/for+间接宾语（选用to或for要根据以前学过的动词的惯用法，如give, send, take等词后就用to，而buy ,make,等词后就用for)。上句可以变为：A gift was given to me (by her) yesterday.试一试： I bought my daughter a lovely skirt. _ _ He passed me a new book. _ _3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余照写。例： We made Bob our monitor. 句中Bob是_, our monitor 是_.句子变被动成为_. 试一试：They painted the wall red. 变为_4）在动词let, have, make, see, watch, notice, hear,等后跟sb.+动词时，有共性，都是接动词的原形，即有let sb. do, have sb. do, _, _, _, _, _。这些词变被动时，要补充to. 例: Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 试一试： The story made us laugh. 可变为_ I heard them sing in the room. 可变为_5）动词后是宾语从句, 我们要用it作主语来变被动句，而后面的宾语从句不变。即常变为 Its said that +从句。可意为“据说” 例如：They said that it was going to rain. 可变为: It is said that it was going to rain.试一试：They said that the accident happened in that new street. 可变为 _类似的结构还有：Its reported that 据报道；Its well-known that 众所周知。4. 一些动词没有被动语态：happen, take place, last, break out（突然发生）, come out(出版), come true等词没有被动语态。 例如：An car accident happened just now. 一场车祸刚才发生了。When is her new novel coming out? 她的新小说什么时候出版？I hope my dream can come true one day. 我希望有一天我的梦想可以成真。Fire broke out during the night. 夜间突然发生了火灾。The rain lasted for two days. 这场雨持续了两天。 5. 有些词本身具有被动意义，在句子中用主动形式。如有一些做系动词的词sound, taste, feel, seem, look等。例如，It sounds great. 那听起来很棒。 The cloth feels soft. 这布摸起来很柔软。 6.还有sell，write，wash, grow等表示性能和品质时，也用主动表被动。例如，The pen writes well. 这笔写起来很不错。 ( The book is written by him)This kind of cloth washes well. 这种布很耐洗。 (My clothes were washed by my mother.)This kind of cloth sells well. 这种布卖的不错。 (The bike was sold by the girl.)The plant grows well. 这个植物长得不错。 (Some flowers are being planted in the garden.)7. be worth doing/ need doing中doing 为主动形式，表示被动意义。 例如：The book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。 The flowers need watering. 这些花需要浇水。Period V: Reading 1. much-loved 深受喜爱的 He is a much-loved leader. 他是一位深受喜爱的领导。2. include，included， including include用作及物动词，意思是“包括，包含” Your duties will include putting the children to bed你的职责包括让孩子们上床睡觉included过去分词，用在名词或代词后，意思是“被包括在内的” Everyone laughed，me included每个人都笑了，包括我在内 including用作介词，意思是“包括在内的” Ten members were present at the meeting，including myself10个人出席了会议包括我自己3. Canada 加拿大 - Canadian 加拿大的4. wood 木头 - wooden 木制的 5. create v. 创造;创作;设计 adj. creative 有创意的 An artist should create beautiful things. 一个艺术家应该创造美丽的东西。 6. safe adj. 安全的 - safety n. 安全 dangerous adj. 危险的 - danger n. 危险7. knock into 撞到 Be careful. Dont knock into the children. knock at 敲打 Please knock at the door. 8. fall down 跌倒，摔跤 The baby fell down when he learned to walk. 这个孩子在学走路时跌倒了。 fall off 从 落下 My book fell off the table. 我的书从桌上掉下来了。 fall into 落到 Some leave