初三英语被动语态知识精讲.doc

初三英语被动语态【知识总结归纳】一. 概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。二. 主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换 We Visited that factory last summer 主动语态主语 谓语 宾语 状语That factory was visited by us last summer 被动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 状语三. 各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时am / is / are + P.P.（1）Do they speak French ?（2）They dont use the room .Is French spoken by them ?The room isnt used by them .一般过去时was / were + p.p.（1）The hunter killed a tiger .（2）He wrote many stories last year .A tiger was killed by the hunter .Many stories was written by him last year .现在进行时am / is / are +being +p.p.（1）These workers are building a new bridge . （2）He is mending his car .A new bridge is being built by these workers . His car is being mended by him .过去进行时was / were + being + p.p.（1）He was selling books .（2）They were discussing the plan at that time .Books were being built by him . The plan was being discussed by them at that time .现在完成时have / has + been + p. p.（1）She has learned many English words .（2）He has finished the work .Many English words have been learned by her . The work has been finished by him . 过去完成时had + been + p.p.（1）They has solved the problem .（2）We had told him the news by then . The problem had been solved by them . The news had been told to him by us .一般将来时shall / will be + p.p.（1）I shall make a plan . （2）They are going to fix the radio in an hour .A plan will be made by me . The radio is going to be fixed by them in an hour . 过去将来时would be + p.p.was/ were going to be + p.p.（1）He told me they would paint the room . （2）They were going to put on a play the next week . He told me the room would be painted by them . A play was going to be put by them the next week .情态动词can / may / must / should + be + p.p.（1）We should hand in our homework .（2）You must answer the question in English .Our homework should be handed in by us .The question must be answered in English by you .四. 如何正确使用被动语态1. 有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to”。eg. He often tells us interesting stories . （主动语态） （被动语态）常带双宾语的词有：tell , show , lend , pass等。2. 在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to还要还原。eg. I often hear her sing this popular song . （主动语态） She is often heard to sing this popular song .（被动语态） 有这种用法的常用动词有：make , let , see , hear , watch , feel , notice等。3. 有些“be +过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们有可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）。”比较：（1）（2）【题型展示】1. A talk on Chinese history in the school hall next week . A. be given B. has been given C. will be given D. will give（2003天津市）2. To make our city more beautiful , rubbish into the river . A. neednt be thrown B. mustnt be thrown C. cant throw D. may not throw（2003重庆市）3. You may go fishing if your work .A. is done B. will be done C. has done D. have done（2003河北省）4. The trees must three times a week . A. water B. is watering C. be watered D. waters（2003长沙市）5. I wont come to the party unless Sue , too . You mean if Sue comes youll come ? A. will invite B. invites C. invited D. is invited（2003江西省）6. I like my new bike . It very well . A. rides B. is riding C. is ridden D. has ridden（2003江西省）7. Mr. Chen has a lond voice . His voice can clearly even in that big classroom . A. hear B. be heard C. be hearing D. have heard（2003台湾省）8. Its time to do your homework , Jack . Yes , Mum . Ill turn off the TV as soon as the programme .A. ends B. end C. will be ended D. will end（2003广州市）9. You to the meeting , why didnt you go ?A. be invited B. will be invited C. were invited D. are invited（2003山西省）10. A lot of trees along the river last year . A. planted B. are planted C. were planted （2003四川省）31. Do you like this kind of paper ? Yes , it very nice . A. is felt B. felt C. is feeling D. feels32. These books well . A. sells B. are being sold C. are sold D. sell33. The boy lost on his way home yesterday . A. got B. is C. gets D. has二. 用正确的时态和语态填空1. Nearly everybody here （know）when the old museum （build）.2. The building can （see）from every part of the city ; It （build）many years ago . 3. Yesterday Tom （tell）me that his bike （break）last week . 4. The students often （tell）to take care of their desks and chairs . 5. Now he （be）asked if the meeting （hold）next Friday . 6. It is known to all that the moon （turn）round the earth . 7. Miss Li often （use）a recorder in her English class . But she （not use）it tomorrow . 8. Vegetables , eggs and fruits （sell）in this shop . 9. English （speak）here . 10. The song （like）by us all twenty years ago . 11. The pictures （take）by Jack tomorrow . 12. The computer （can use）in the room .13. The room （paint）now . 14. The novel （translate）into many languages since it was published . 15. That clock （call）Big Ben . 16. Last week , when I （ask）about English culture , I couldnt answer it well . 17. What language （speak）in your country ? 18. School football games often （hold）on Friday evenings . 19. The film （show）again sometime next week . 20. If anything （happen）to him , let me know . 21. the pair of new shoes （suit）you ? 22. The bottle （break）by the cat yesterday . 23. A tall tree （can , see）in the picture . 24. The sports meeting （hold）last week . 25. We （tell）yesterday that Jane would come back from Australia . 26. Look , Mr Smith （take）to the station by Mark in his car . 27. These trees should （water）after they （plant）.28. The TV set （make）in Beijing . It （make）last April . 29. Colour TVs （sell）in that shop . 30. When the Peoples Republic of China （found）?31. Have you moved into the new house ? Not yet . The