中复习之非谓语动词.docx

中考总复习之 非谓语动词一、动词不定式（主动，经常性和将来的意义）1.动词不定式作宾语。1)在动词want ,hope,would like,decide,wish,choose,try ,need等后常用动词不定式作宾语。I hope _(hear)from you soon .2)think/find /feel /make it + adj + to do sthHe found it difficult _(get) to sleep.3).stop to do sth / stop doing sthstop to do sth 停下来去做某事 stop doing sth 停止正在做的事。After working for a long time , He has to stop _(have ) a rest .He was very tired , so he had to stop _(work).2.动词不定式作宾补。1).带to的不定式作宾补的动词有：ask / like /would like /teach /tell /want /help +sb +to do sthPlease ask him _(come) quickly.2).省掉to的不定式作宾补的动词有：let /make / hear /see /notice /have/watch+sb +do sth注：省掉to的不定式的句子变被动语态时，需要还原to（在被动语态句式中做主补） .He made the baby _(stop) crying .The baby was made _ _ crying.3.动词不定式作主语1).动词不定式常可用作句子的主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。2).常用it作形式主语，而将不定式放在句子后面。To do sth +谓语动词+adj /n =It +谓语动词+adj / n + to do sthTo get an injection is a little painful .= _ a little painful _ _ an injection4.动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语放在被修饰词之后名词或代词+to do(介词)注：若构成的不定式的动词为不及物动词时，其后加上相应的介词。I want a pen to write _. I want a piece of paper to write _.5.动词不定式与疑问词连用疑问词+ to do sth注：在宾语从句中，若主从句的主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+to do sth”.Can you tell me how I can get to the hospital ?Can you tell me _ _ _ the hospital.6.动词不定式可作状语1).动词不定式可作目的状语在come / go / leave 后面接动词不定式作目的状语。He came here _(get)his book.2).动词不定式可作原因状语表语形容词（sorry/sad/happy/ glad /afraid/ pleased）后与动词不定式连用作原因状语He was glad _(see) his wife.3).动词不定式可作结果状语在tooto , not enough to 句型中的动词不定式作结果状语。He was too tired _(walk) on .7.动词不定式作表语be + to do sth注：动词不定式作表语可以和主语的位置互换，且常表将来。Her wish is _(become) a doctor ._ _ is her wish .8.动词不定式的否定形式在动词不定式的前面加not . He told me _(not stay) here .注意辨别to 的词义 To有两种用法：1）不定式符号，后接动词原形；2）介词，后接名词或动名词to 为介词的初中常见短语有： be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事；look forward to doing sth期盼做某事；pay attention to doing sth注意做某事；make a contribution to doing sth为-做贡献；prefer doing sth to doing sth宁愿做-而不愿做-9.动词不定式符号的省略和保留情况。1).动词不定式符号的省略情况若两个或两个以上的不定式并列时，第一个不定式符号不能省略，其余的省掉to .但两者有对比关系时，to都不能省略。Edisons mother taught him to write and read .I havent decided to go home or to go to the cinema.2)省掉不定式而保留动词不定式符号to的情况。Will you take a walk with me ? Im glad to .Would you like to join my birthday party ?I would love to .二、动名词（主动，经常性）1.动名词相当于一个名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Reading in bed _(be) bad for your eyes.2.有些动词或动词短语后面，只能接动名词作宾语。（见附录2）3.动名词作表语可以和主语互换位置。4.动名词作定语强调中心名词的用途。 A waiting room三、现在分词（强调主动，进行，经常性）1.现在分词常放在see, hear ,watch ,notice 等之后作宾补。I saw the boy_(play)in the street just now .2.现在分词作定语常放在被修饰词之前，现在分词短语要放在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。A sleeping baby = a baby who is sleeping .Did you know the man talking to Mr Li?=Did you know the man who was talking to Mr Li?3.现在分词表伴随情况He came into the classroom ,carrying a book.四、过去分词（强调被动，完成性）1.作宾补have /get +sth +done 表示请别人干某事I had my TV repaired last night .2.作定语单一的过去分词作定语，要放在被修饰词的前面，过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。Have you ever read any books written by Luxun?Have you ever read any books _ _ written by Luxun?3.作表语 过去分词作表语已经形容词化My cup is broken .接不定式作宾语的动词1.like to do sth 喜欢做某事 2.like sb to do sth 喜欢某人做某事3.Lets (not ) do sth 让我们（不）做某事 4.want to do sth 想做某事5.want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事 6.love to do sth 喜欢做某事7.ask sb (not ) to do sth 让某人（不）做某事 8.stop to do sth 停止做某事（停止一件事去做另一件事）9.tell sb (not ) to do sth 告诉某人（不）做某事 10.watch sb do sth 观看某人做某事11.Its time (for sb) to do sth 到某人做某事的时间了 12.help sb (to ) do sth 帮助某人做某事13.help do sth 帮助某人做某事 14.make sb do sth 使某人做某事15.decide (not ) to do sth 决定（不）做某事 16.find it +adj + to do sth 发现做某事怎样17.have to do sth 不得不做某事 18.try (not ) to do sth 尽量（不）做某事19.try ones best to do sth 尽力做某事 20.Its +adj +(for)of +sb + to do sth做某事对某人来说怎样21.plan to do sth 计划做某事 22.S.p.+be a good place to do sth 一个做某事的好地方23.It takes sb +some time + to do sth 做某事花费某人一段时间 24.send sb to do sth 派某人做某事25.invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 26.forget to do sth 忘记做某事（没做）27.live to be +时间 活到-岁 28.be able to do sth 能够做某事29.have sth to do 有事情要做30.seem to do sth 似乎做某事 31.get sb to do sth 请某人做某事32.疑问词+ to do sth 33.need sb to do sth 需要某人做某事34.use sth to do sth 用-做 35.follow sb to sth 跟随某人做某事36.need to do sth 需要做某事 37.a good time to do sth 做某事的好时间38.the best time to do sth 做某事的最佳时间 39.the best way to do sth 做某事的最好方式40.be the first / last one to do sth 第一个/ 最后一个做某事的人41.would like to do sth 想要做某事 42.be excited /surprised to do sth 做某事很激动/ 惊讶43.be useful to do sth 做某事很有用 44.be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事45.allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 46.Its better to do sth 做某事更好47.Its best to do sth 最好做某事做某事 48.take care (not) to do sth 小心（不）49.see sb do sth 看见某人做某事（过程） 50.why not do sth ?为什么不做某事51.have enough time to do sth 有足够的时间做某事 52.too to do sth 太-以至于不能做某事53.not enough to do sth 不够-做某事 54.encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事55.choose to sth 选择做某事 56.wait to do sth 等待做某事57.be happy/glad/pleased to do sth 做某事很高兴/满意 58.make it +adj + to do sth 使做某事怎样59.be careful to do sth 小心做某事 60.be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事61.Its our duty to do sth 做某事是某人的职责 62.used to do sth 过去常常做某事63.cant afford to do sth 支付不起做某事 64.make a decision to do sth 决定做某事65.have an opportunity to do sth 有机会做某事 66.wait for sb to do sth 等待某人做某事67.would do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事68.would rather do sth than do sth 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事69.hurry to do sth 匆忙做某事 70.refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事71.agree to do sth 同意做某事 72.pretend to do sth 假装做某事73.pretend to be doing sth 假装正在做某事 74.prefer to do sth 更喜欢做某事75.prefer not to do sth 更不喜欢做某事 76.prefer to do sth raher than do sth 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事77.be willing to do sth 希望做某事 78.volunteer +时间/ 钱 + to do sth79.volunteer to do sth 志愿做某事 80.offer to do sth 提供做某事81.rush to do sth 快速做某事 82.in order (not ) to do sth 为了(不)做某事83.be certain to do sth 相信做某事 84.be sure to do sth 确信做某事85.make plans to do sth 计划做某事 86.go out of their way to do sth 不怕麻烦地做某事87.lead sb to do sth 引导某人做某事 88.Its ones job to do sth 做某事是某人的工作89.Its ones turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事 90.urge sb to do sth 渴望某人做某事91.Could /Would you please (not) do sth ? 请你（不）做某事好吗?92.be supposed to do sth 应该做某事 93.warn sb to do sth 警告某人做某事接动名词作宾语的动词1.like doing sth 喜欢做某事 2.enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事3.have fun doing sth 做某事很愉快 4.be interested in doing sth 对-感兴趣5.Thanks for doing sth 为做某事而感谢某人 6.look at sb doing sth 看见某人做某事7.stop sb doing sth 停止做某事 8.stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事9.go + v-ing 10.do the (some )+v-ing 做-11.What/How about doing sth ? 做某事怎么样？ 12.practice doing sth 练习做某事13.watch sb doing sth 看见某人做某事 14.find sb doing sth 发现某人做某事15.mind (ones ) doing sth 介意某人做某事 16.cant stand doing sth 不能忍受做某事17.think about doing sth 考虑做某事 18.spend (in)doing sth 花费做某事19.finish doing sth 完成做某事 20.be busy doing sth 忙于做某事21.keep doing sth 不断地做某事 22.keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事23.keep sb doing sth 不断做某事 24.be good at doing sth 擅长做某事25.hate doing sth 讨厌做某事 26.There be +名词+doing sth 有-在做某事27.make a living by doing sth 以做某事谋生 28.have a difficult time doing sth 做某事有困难29.feel like doing sth 想要做某事 30.allow doing sth 允许做某事31.see sb doing sth 看见某人在做某事 32.by doing sth 通过做某事33.end up doing sth 结束做某事 34.do a survey about doing sth 做关于-的调查35.be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事 36.be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事37.be terrified of doing sth 害怕做某事 38.give up doing sth 放弃做某事39.instead of doing sth 而不是做某事 40. be worth doing sth值得41.be serious about doing sth 热衷于做某事 42.have a chance of doing sth 有机会做某事43.before/ when /while+doing sth 44.start doing sth 开始做某事45.have a lot of experience doing sth 做某事有经验 46.prefer doing sth 更喜欢做某事47.consider doing sth 考虑做某事 48.dream of / about doing sth 梦想做某事49.continue doing sth 继续做某事 50.put off doing sth 推迟做某事51.be used for doing sth =be used to do sth 习惯于做某事52.prefer doing sth to doing sth 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事53.without doing sth 没有做某事 54.be comfortable doing sth 做某事很轻松55.cant stop/help doing sth 忍不住做某事 56.look forward to doing sth 期待做某事57.be against doing sth 反对做某事 58.have trouble/problems/difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难59.suggest doing sth 建议做某事练习与巩固：熟能生巧，取得好成绩！1.( ). He promised _his old friend during his stay in Tianjin.A. see B. seeing C. saw D. to see2.( ) Mary called and asked her husband _home at once , because she locked their daughter in the home .A. to leave B. leave C. go D. to go3.( ).Excuse me. Could you tell me _ get to the nearest post office?Sorry, I am new here.A. how can I B. how I could C. how to D. what I can4.( ) When I walked past the park, I saw some old people _ Chinese Taiji.A. do B. did C. doing D. are doing5.( ). Vocabulary is important to language learning. Therefore, youd better try different ways you can think of _ words and expressions.A. remember B. to remember C. remembering6.( ) The Great Green Wall can stop the wind and sand to the rich land in the south of China.A. move B. to move C. from moving7.( ) Animals are our close friends. We are supposed them.A. to protect B. protecting C. protect8.( ). The boy is often heard in the music room. He sings very well.A. practice singing B. to practice singing C. practiced singing9.( ). The children decide_ their school yard this Friday afternoon.A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleaned10.( ). I found a letter _ on the floor when I came into the classroom.A. lying B. lay C. lie D. lies11.( ) Why are you so excited today?We were told a picnic this weekend.A. have B. to have C. having D. had12.( ). Many old men prefer _ in a peaceful countryside.A. to live B. liveing C. live D lived13.( ) George was heard _ just now. What happened?People was telling a joke.A. to cry B. cry C. to laugh D. laugh14.( ) The little boy pretended _ when his mother came in.A. sleeping B. asleep C. to asleep D. to be asleep15.( ). _ honest is the first thing people should learn.A. Being B. Look C. Be D Become16.( ). Many young people took part in _ trees on Tree Planting Day.A. planting B. plants C. to plant D plant17.( ) I havent decided when _ a holiday yet.A. took B. taking C. to take D take18.( ) I feel stressed from time to time. Could you give me some advice?_ sharing your worries with your parents?A. Why dont you B. How about C. Why not D. Would you like19.( )Would you mind _ in the dining hall?Of course not.A. not to smoke B. not smoking C. smoke D. not smoke20.( )Students should learn how problems.A. solve B. solving C. can solve D. to solve21.( ) 一Can you finish these books before 10 oclock?一Yes, I can.A. to read B. read C. reads D. reading22.( ) Excuse me. Could you please tell me _ my car?Sure. Park it right here. Ill help you.A. how to stop B. where to park C. where to stop D. when to park23.( ) Nick, would you mind _ out of the bathroom?Sorry. I wont be long.A. come B. to come C. coming24.( )Why not to the park now?Good idea! Lets go.A. go B. to go C. goes D. going25.( ) Would you like camping with me?Id like to. But Im busy my homework.A. to go; to do B. to go; doing C. going; to do D. going; doing26.( )Why is Linlin practicing speaking English_ abroad for further study.A. Go B. Gone C. To go D. Goes X k B 1 . c o m27.( ) Im new here.Dont worry. Ill do what I can _ you.A. help B. to help C. invite D. to invite28.( )Jacks teacher asked him _ off the lights after class.A. turning B. turned C. to turn29.( )When you move somewhere new, the first thing for you is to find a place .A. to live B. living in C. to live in30.( )“Whos the boy in white T-shirt _ under the tree?” “My friend.”A. stand B. to stand C. stood D. standing31.( )He often drinks two cups of _ water when he comes back.A. boiling B. boil C. boiled D. boils32.( )Tom，would you please _ the box? Its for your sister.A. not open B. dont open C. not to open D. to not open33.( )Jessicas parents always encourage her _out her opinions.A. speak B. speaking C. to speak D. will speak34.( )What did your teacher say this morning?She told us _ make faces in class.A. to not B. not to C. do not D. didnt35.( )Lets play football on the playground.Its too hot outside. I would rather_ at home than_ out.A. to stay; go B. staying; going C. stay; to go D. stay; go36.( ) He wants to have his TV _.A. repairing B. repaired C. to repair37.( ) Remember _ off the lights when you leave the room, please.A. to turn B. turning C. turn38.( )一What do you usually do in the morning?一I often practice _ English.A. speak B. to speak C. speaking39.( ) It takes me half an hour the piano every day.A. play B. playing C. to play40.( )I always tell my students _ on the road because its really dangerous.A. not to play B. to play not C. not playing D. not play41.( ) I didnt hear you come in just now.Thats good. We tried _ any noise, for you were sleeping.A. not make B. not to make C. to make D. making42.( )Dad, why must I stop _ computer games?For your health, my boy.A. play B. to play C. to playing D. playing43.( ) Driving less, walking more is good for our health.So Id rather _ an hours walk to work than consider_ a car.A. take, drive B. take, to drive C. take, driving D. taking, driving44.( ) I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation. What about you?I havent decided where _.A. go B. went C. going D. to go45.( )Lucy is shy. She would not invite her classmates _dancing with her.A. practice B. practices C. practicing D. to practice46.( )How is your grandma?Shes fine. She used to _ TV at home after supper. But now she is used to _ out for a walk.A. watch; go B. watching; go C. watching; going D. watch; going47.( )Our teacher often tells us _ in the river. Its dangerous.A. dont swim B. not swim C. not to swim D. not swimming48.( )The Greens used to live in London and now they _ in Beijing.A. used to live B. are used to live C. are used to living D. are used for living49.( ) Im looking forward to _my parents soon. What about you?-Me tooA. seeing B. see C. saw50.( )Seeing their teacher _ into the classroom, they stopped _ at once.A. walk; telling B. entering; to speak C. enter; to tell D. walking; talking51.( )Even Tonys granddaughter, a five-year-old girl, asked him _smoking.A. give up B. gave up C. to give up D. giving up52.( ) The retired couple enjoy _ photos. They always go out with their camerasA. take B. took C. to take D. taking53.( ). Im sleepy. I prefer _ at home to going out for a walk.A. sleeping B. to sleep C. slept D. sleep54.( )At times, parents find it difficult _ with their teenage children.A. talk B. talked C. talking D. to talk55.( ).He used to _in a sm