一些经典的纳米图片(包括一些动画).doc

转一些经典的纳米图片（包括一些动画）纳米尺度的图片概念 x=W5e 0?.阿果资源网()版权所有 OJFWmZ(X.阿果资源网()版权所有 qP9p4c8i.阿果资源网()版权所有 真正的纳米尺度 JwcR&x.阿果资源网()版权所有 H|m1 .阿果资源网()版权所有 %mSv|.阿果资源网()版权所有 3m y_Gp.阿果资源网()版权所有 Carbon nanotube dative junction assembly U_wIx.阿果资源网()版权所有 u .*e.阿果资源网()版权所有 Dative (dipolar) bonds are a potentially valuable form of noncovalent interaction for use in diamondoid and macromolecular nanostructures. These interactions require a lone pair donor, such as the lone pair of nitrogen, and an acceptor, such as the empty sp2 orbital or boron. Boron and nitrogen are both good structural replacements for the C-H fragments found in hydrocarbons (nitrogen because it is isoelectronic with the C-H unit, boron because it can accommodate three covalent bonds to leave the last orbital empty). In this design, carbon nanotubes are functionalized with adamantane-based dative hinges that lock each fragment into place to form the extended network. (grey = carbon, white = hydrogen, blue = nitrogen, green = boron; left: van der Waals rendering. right: ball-and-stick rendering) ;YrmT9Jx6.阿果资源网()版权所有 These designs are the result of a collaboration with Dr. Ralph Merkle into the application of the dative bond in molecular building block approaches for molecular-based materials design.Carbon nanotube dative junction assembly G#.q%Up.阿果资源网()版权所有 i&L!?6 5-f.阿果资源网()版权所有 r:t3Kf+E-.阿果资源网()版权所有 2GRv%:rZ.阿果资源网()版权所有 Crimp junctions for perpendicular carbon nanotube scaffolding | Yuh.阿果资源网()版权所有 Lr*LP6jx3.阿果资源网()版权所有 In this design, two rigid diamondoid rings are fused at a quasi-tetrahedral junction and sized, through the addition or subtraction of repeat subunits in each ring, to accommodate two carbon nanotubes of different diameters. The crimping of the nanotubes is a result of van der Waals packing of the rings, a feature that can be enhanced or removed by adjusting the ring size. (grey = carbon, white = hydrogen, blue = nitrogen, red = oxygen) Bh65qHQO.阿果资源网()版权所有 /PELOs.阿果资源网()版权所有 xk s M e.阿果资源网()版权所有 QVkrhwp.阿果资源网()版权所有 Low-friction bearing assembly with two carbon allotropes vU9: beu.阿果资源网()版权所有 |u+!CR.阿果资源网()版权所有 In this design, two diamondoid rings replace small segments of a carbon nanotube, providing a lock for a third, larger ring. The larger ring includes a stitch-work of oxygens to create an electron-rich interior whose effective circular van der Waals packing just touches that of the nanotube framework. rbrh;jM.阿果资源网()版权所有 7R-2 wb?.阿果资源网()版权所有 9)R ED.阿果资源网()版权所有 uc/W/c u,.阿果资源网()版权所有 Rigid rod-based nanomechanical gear assembly w8a49Fv.阿果资源网()版权所有 HEw&.阿果资源网()版权所有 Here, a five-fold rotation axis in a single rigid rod is coupled to four rings composed of 15 subunits each. A pagodanoid junction is included along this rigid rod to raise the five sections of the assembly to create an elevated gearing system. The image at left is a van der Waals representation. At right, only the oxygen and nitrogen atoms are shown (as spheres) to highlight the rod interior. (grey = carbon, white = hydrogen, blue = nitrogen, red = oxygen) V)P8w#,.阿果资源网()版权所有 All images are the result of molecular mechanics structure calculations using either Tinker (MM2 parameters) or NAMD (CHARMM). Images were made with VMD. VMD and NAMD are developed with NIH support by the Theoretical and Computational Biophysics group at the Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Tinker is a product of the Ponder Lab in the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics at the Washington University School of Medicine. E. Zelman and Apple Computer are thanked for their generous donation of resources. bAwKmk9C.阿果资源网()版权所有 cQm4q19.阿果资源网()版权所有 lc3Gu78 A/.阿果资源网()版权所有 sJC%/.阿果资源网()版权所有 纳米团簇的制备 7*JxeM.阿果资源网()版权所有 pdvnpzj.阿果资源网()版权所有 z+-oi.阿果资源网()版权所有 : +6l.阿果资源网()版权所有 Core/shell nanoparticles xiDgQTDz.阿果资源网()版权所有 WGW h.阿果资源网()版权所有 Gx6%Z$2n.阿果资源网()版权所有 QXN_ ?E,g/.阿果资源网()版权所有 x7U=1y(.阿果资源网()版权所有 Gold Nano Anchors Put Nanowires in Their Place &9fQW?Czs.阿果资源网()版权所有 (+%96 .阿果资源网()版权所有 Scanning electron microscope image shows rows of horizontal zinc-oxide nanowires grown on a sapphire surface. The gold nanoparticles are visible on the ends of each row t ;or.阿果资源网()版权所有 i73h YT.阿果资源网()版权所有 Illustration shows how crystalline zinc oxide nanowires (blue) push seeds of gold nanoparticles (red) forward as they grow &h5Y_no GX.阿果资源网()版权所有 Researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have demonstrated a technique for growing well-formed, single-crystal nanowires in placeand in a predictable orientationon a commercially important substrate. 1o%#kf .阿果资源网()版权所有 The method uses nanoparticles of gold arranged in rows on a sapphire surface as starting points for growing horizontal semiconductor wires only 3 nanometers (nm) in diameter. Other methods produce semiconductor nanowires more than 10 nm in diameter. NIST chemists work was highlighted in the Oct. 11 issue of Applied Physics Letters.* Sb/?.阿果资源网()版权所有 Part of the vision of nanotechnology is the possibility of building powerful, extraordinarily compact sensors and other devices out of atomic-scale components. So-called “nanowires”long thin crystals of, e.g., a semiconductor could not only link nanoelectronic devices like conventional wire but also function as devices themselves, tipped with photodetector or light-emitting elements, for example. BGCHE.阿果资源网()版权所有 An obvious stumbling block is the problem of working with components so small that only the most sophisticated measurement instruments can even track them. To date, the most successful nanowire alignment method involved growing large numbers of the rod-like crystals on a suitable base like blades of grass, shearing them off, mixing them in a solvent, and forcing them to align by either flow or surface confinement on the test substrate to orient most of the crystals in a specific horizontal direction. Further photolithography steps are required to ensure that nanowires are positioned correctly. BZ?3=S1*.阿果资源网()版权所有 In contrast, the NIST technique grows arrays of nanowires made of zinc oxide, a semiconductor widely used in optoelectronics, with precise alignments. The gold anchors are placed with a chemical etching step and the orientation of the wireshorizontal, vertical or at a 60 degree angle from the surfaceis determined by tweaking the size of the gold particles. QIGUi,R.阿果资源网()版权所有 s Zymu8.阿果资源网()版权所有 51 q|-d.阿果资源网()版权所有 CLrX!JV.阿果资源网()版权所有 Anatomy of a Nanoprobe :snO*Zg .阿果资源网()版权所有 9Q;=R.阿果资源网()版权所有 c C3Ff.阿果资源网()版权所有 bCj_CX1(.阿果资源网()版权所有 ) cgRb.阿果资源网()版权所有 Bkcwl.阿果资源网()版权所有 Magnetic field of an iron crystal inside a carbon nanotube p Cz6*kC.阿果资源网()版权所有 Xoj rR9|.阿果资源网()版权所有 This image won First Prize in the Science Close-Up category in the Daily Telegraph Visions of Science competition. The image shows a multi-walled carbon nanotube, approximately 190nm in diameter, containing a 35-nm-diameter iron crystal encapsulated inside it. Electron holography has been used to obtain a map of the magnetic field surrounding the iron particle, at a spatial resolution of approximately 5nm. The magnetic phase contours show that the particle contains a single magnetic domain. An external magnetic field could be applied to such particles to exert a torque on the surrounding nanotube. hsr.阿果资源网()版权所有 4Q;(67.阿果资源网()版权所有 ;, _=n.阿果资源网()版权所有 4D65VgVDM.阿果资源网()版权所有 Magnetic Rock NaR 0.阿果资源网()版权所有 PTb%7Of.阿果资源网()版权所有 The image shows the magnetic microstructure in a natural, finely exsolved intergrowth of magnetite blocks in an ulvospinel matrix, which is influenced both by the shapes of the individual magnetite blocks and by magnetostatic interactions between them. Different colours correspond to different directions of magnetic induction in the sample I7iIUD.阿果资源网()版权所有 LnR!0:c.阿果资源网()版权所有 cbns/f.阿果资源网()版权所有 ScaLaW1.阿果资源网()版权所有 Magnetic field lines in a bacterial cell 4 zEvm.阿果资源网()版权所有 ;Gr .阿果资源网()版权所有 The image shows the magnetic field lines in a single bacterial cell. The fine white lines are the magnetic field lines in the cell, which were measured using off-axis electron holography. Such bacteria live in sediments and bodies of water, and move parallel to geomagnetic field lines as a result of the torque exerted on their magnetosome chains by the earths magnetic field. 66valW.阿果资源网()版权所有 ZthT(a.阿果资源网()版权所有 #6e Ub.阿果资源网()版权所有 UF%FF.阿果资源网()版权所有 Dancing quantum dot /1OCK=.阿果资源网()版权所有 T;6MUmyC.阿果资源网()版权所有 Plan view bright field transmission electron micrograph of a germanium/silicon quantum dot in a silicon matrix. The quantum dot, grown by molecular beam epitaxy, is coherently strained due to Ge/Si crystal lattice mismatches giving rise to strain induced banding contours. The straight edge at the top left shows the Si 110 plane. Field of view is approximately 620nm wide. qFmw9Fn.阿果资源网()版权所有 Acknowledgments: Diana Zhi, Paul Midgley, Rafal Dunin-Borkowski, Don W. Pashley, Bruce A. Joyce #RlZxtx.O.阿果资源网()版权所有 zGx0 Q.阿果资源网()版权所有 JLu$1A .阿果资源网()版权所有 L%_kL_7.阿果资源网()版权所有 Yttrium barium copper oxide dragonflies sT?.阿果资源网()版权所有 .I4Fc&4.阿果资源网()版权所有 Internal structure of yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO) ink, prepared by sol-gel methods. The superconducting YBCO ink is jet-printed onto the substrate. Cracking occurs when the stable YBCO ink dries too quickly, giving this dragonfly effect. Image taken by optical microscopy. Diagonal length of image approximately 125 microns. Bt)1_.阿果资源网()版权所有 Acknowledgments: Tarek Mouganie, Bartek A. Glowacki KZ5%q.阿果资源网()版权所有 WepHe:.阿果资源网()版权所有 /ernn.阿果资源网()版权所有 vbmt0d f.阿果资源网()版权所有 纳米管轴承 9:2Bt q .阿果资源网()版权所有 dqB,i9- .阿果资源网()版权所有 =x/:0.阿果资源网()版权所有 at?I By.阿果资源网()版权所有 Design of the Month: Worm Drive Assembly YXpCg.阿果资源网()版权所有 This worm drive assembly designed by K. Eric Drexler, Josh Hall, Ninad Sathaye and Mark Sims includes 11 components totalling 25,374 atoms. The animations below have been created from simulation results using NanoEngineer-1 Alpha 7, taking just over 370 hours to complete on a Dell laptop running WindowsXP. It is the largest model ever simulated with NanoEngineer-1. More information about this model is coming soon. ?jR#txR.阿果资源网()版权所有 VKPEoy8H.阿果资源网()版权所有 yhgGvyD.阿果资源网()版权所有 SmsSz(.阿果资源网()版权所有 9U;.阿果资源网()版权所有 MarkIII(k) Planetary Gear C:Gx4K.阿果资源网()版权所有 lm|*.阿果资源网()版权所有 Name: MarkIII(k) Ngx2N$*g.阿果资源网()版权所有 Designer: K. Eric Drexler QN;5+pN.阿果资源网()版权所有 Date: 2004 #3ZAMV.阿果资源网()版权所有 Number of components: 12 _ LgP.阿果资源网()版权所有 Number of atoms: 3,853 %npLgCF.阿果资源网()版权所有 Width: 4.2 nm ai/E6r.阿果资源网()版权所有 Height: 4.2 nm XU 1x1018 m-N e7n0=U0.阿果资源网()版权所有 Angular Speed 10 GHz tL:r= .阿果资源网()版权所有 Power 1 nW ,. ht AE.阿果资源网()版权所有 Power Density 10 GW/cm2 | h$ .阿果资源网()版权所有 Efficiency 99.8% lHliMBSc.阿果资源网()版权所有 This is the MarkIII(k), a planetary gear created by K. Eric Drexler. A planetary gear couples an input shaft via a sun gear to an output shaft through a set of planet gears (attached to the output shaft by a planet carrier). The planet gears roll between the sun gear and a ring gear on the inner surface of a casing. The animation below was produced from a NanoEngineer-1 molecular dynamics simulation. A section of the casing atoms have been hidden to expose the internal gearing assembly. dB&P$+8.阿果资源网()版权所有 W?N+7_%.阿果资源网()版权所有 Planetary gears are attractive targets for molecular modeling because (with careful choice of planet numbers and sun- and ring-gear symmetries) the overall symmetry of the system virtually guarantees low energy barriers along the desired motion coordinate. They also pack considerable complexity into a small structure. )-iUUak.阿果资源网()版权所有 Planetary gears are common mechanical systems used for speed reduction (= torque multiplication). Macroscale versions are found in automobile transmissions, electric screwdrivers, and Mars landers. 3fE0cVG*.阿果资源网()版权所有 The MarkIII(k) gear updates an early 1990s design by Drexler and Merkle, modified to reduce interactions between the sun gear and the bases of the planet gears. The original version was designed with very small moving parts in order to fit the computational constraints of the time. The planet gears are near the lower limits of diameter for functional gear components, and because of this, the gear teeth in this system are better thought of as smooth, low-amplitude corrugations in the gear surfaces J!Rqm!)q .阿果资源网()版权所有 !QqVJ aj.阿果资源网()版权所有 The single covalent (sigma) bonds linking each of the nine planet gears to the carrier gear are easily seen in this POV-Ray image. tPw7zFy6r.阿果资源网()版权所有 q#8z%/k.阿果资源网()版权所有 cvpZF5mLU.阿果资源网()版权所有 K$%js.阿果资源网()版权所有 Drexler-Merkle Differential Gear |A HW#7j.阿果资源网()版权所有 368H6 Jj.阿果资源网()版权所有 Name: Differential Gear h*mKS -TC.阿果资源网()版权所有 Designers: K. Eric Drexler and Ralph Merkle W jBtL52.阿果资源网()版权所有 Date: 1995 Srmsw.阿果资源网()版权所有 Number of components: 7 RgVg?A.阿果资源网()版权所有 Number of atoms: 8,292 HK.Si :