分词和动名词.ppt

1 Inoticedhimmakingatelephonecall 谓语动词 宾语 宾语补足语 非谓语 2 Shehadanewdressmadelastweek 我看到他在打电话 上星期她请人做了一件新衣 非谓语做宾补有多少形式 三种 以write为例 writewritingwritten Wecanseethem fly alongtheriver HaveyoueverheardItalian speak Isawhim go upstairsjustnow Don tkeepyourmother wait Theycaughthim steal inthestore flying spoken go waiting stealing 如何区别V V ing V ed 1 Ifoundthefloorshaking active progress 2 Weconsideredthemattersettled passive finished 我感到地面在抖动 我们认为这件事解决了 3 Isawthemancrosstheroadandgetonabus active finished 我看见那人穿过马路上了一辆公交车 4 Iheardsomeoneknockingatthedoor 5 Shefeltherselfgettingyoungerandyounger 6 Iwatchedhimentertheroomandsitdown 7 Hefoundhishometownmuchchanged 主动 被动 进行 完成 Fillintheblanks Wesawthem enter theroom Iheardthewind blow Canyousmellsomething burn Hisactionsmadehim respect Whenhecameback hefoundhishometowngreatly change Hefelthimself seize byastronghandfrombehind Isawtheman cross theroad go uptoastalland buy apaper Isawhim enter theroomand lie down enter blowing burning respected changed seized cross go buy enter lie 谓语动词 宾语 宾语补足语 非谓语 那些动词可以带宾补 两大类 感官动词 使役动词 感官动词 feel see hear find notice listento lookat watch observe 使役动词 make have get let keep catch smell leave 感官动词 使役动词常见形式 以do为例 find keep get leave 宾语 doing done hear see watch feel have 宾语 do doing done lookat listento notice observe 宾语 do doing find 发现 keep 保持 get 使得 leave 使处于 状态 Wefoundthem make anexperimentinthelaboratory Theykeptthefire burn allnight Hekepthiseyes shut whilethinking Theygotthework do byFriday Theyfellasleep leavingthemachine run Theyallwentaway leavingtheprisoner tie toachair Thebossfoundhisluck go intheend Heusedtoleavethewindowsopenedatnight R W Tomysurprise Ifoundthedoorclosed R W making burning shut done running tied open R doing主动进行 done被动完成 状态 gone hear 听见 see 看见 feel 感觉到 watch 看着 have 叫人 吩咐 Iheardhim sing anEnglishsongwhenIcamein Isawhim talk withhisteacherinthedining roombeforeIcamehere Ifeltmyheart beat fastatthenews Shesawtheboy break thewindow Shefeltherself get youngerandyounger Thestudentswatchedtheteacher make theexperimentattentively Thestudentswatchtheteacher make theexperimentandthentheydiditbythemselves singing talking beating break getting making make do主动完成doing主动进行done被动完成 Don tworry I llhavehim return thebooktoyoutomorrow Theteacherhadthestudents do exercisesallmorningintheclassroom Iwon thaveyou say suchthingsaboutmysister won thave解释 不允许 Hefelthisshoulder touch byastronghand Isawthethief put hishandinthewoman sbagand pick outawallet Isawthecar bump intothetreeand turn over Thecomputerhehad repair isoutoforderagain return doing saying touched put pick bump turn repaired listento听 lookat看着 notice注意到 observe观察 看到 Welistenedtotherain patter onthewindow Inoticedthem lock thedoorand drive away Arrivinghome henoticedhiswristwatch miss Ihaveneverobservedhim do otherwise Thepolicemanobservedtheprisoner open thewindow Thepolicemanobservedtheprisoner try toopenthewindow Mr Yanglookedathischildren play ballgamesontheplayground Didyounoticehishand shake pattering lock drive missing do open trying playing shaking make 使得 宾语 do done 形容词ing 形容词ed 名词 smell 闻到 catch 逮住 宾语 doing Hemanagedtomakehimself understand withhisbrokenEnglish Hetriedtomakehimself understand whattheyweretalkingabout Canyousmellsomething burn inthekitchen Hismothercaughthim play videogamesagain Thethiefwascaught steal inthesupermarket Theywanttomakehimtobeacollegestudent R W Hehadacleverwaytomakethestoryinteresting R W understood understand burning playing stealing R Correction Theyfoundhimdohishomeworkaloneathome Theymadehimtobeveryembarrassed Iwon thaveyousaythattoyourmother Shecaughthimsmokeinthecornertheroom Shecouldn tmakeherselfunderstandinEnglish Theysawamanrushingintotheroomandtakingawayeverythingonthedesk Henoticedhiscarkeymissed sohehadtowalkhome Motherhadhimdohishomeworkallmorning Hekepthiseyesshuttingwhilethinking Heleftthedoorhalfopenbeforegoingtobed doing saying smoking understood rush take missing doing shut opened hear see feel watch make listento lookat notice observe 1 PeopleoftenhearhersingEnglishsongs 改成被动 SheisoftenheardtosingEnglishsongs 2 Theysawhimslipintotheroomandsitdownathisdesk 被动 Fathermademewritethecompositionagain 被动 Hewasseentoslipintotheroomandsitdownathisdesk Iwasmadetowritethecompositionagain byFather Theynoticedhimtalkingabouttheterroristattack 被动 Theysawhimdoinganexperimentinthelab 被动Unfortunately wefoundthegateclosed 被动 Hewasnoticedtobetalkingabouttheterroristattack Hewasseentobedoinganexperimentinhislab Unfortunately thedoorwasfoundclosed Correction Hewasheardtobesinginginthenextroom TheboywaslistenedtoreadEnglishaloud Shewasmadetobemonitorofourclass Shewasmaderecitingthetextagain Thelessonwasmadetobeinterestingwithcomputersintroduced Shewasfoundtopayafineforhiswrongdoings Thegirlswereseentobeplayingbridgedownstairs ShewasfoundtobeplayingchesswithMarythere Hewaswatchedtogetoffthebus Hewasletgo togointheend reading toread torecite paying watch lookat have无被动语态 R 分词做定语 Shetoldusanexcitingstory IreceivedaletterwritteninEnglish 她给我们讲了一个令人兴奋的故事 前置定语 后置定语 我收到了一封英文信 前置定语 形式 两种 如 writingwritten writing vt activewritten vt passive falling vi progressfallen vi finished a drive wheel主动轮a drive wheel被动轮a move film一部令人感动的影片the move audience受感动的观众a terrify noise令人害怕的声音a terrify look受惊的脸色the exploit class剥削阶级the exploit class被剥削阶级 writing vt activewritten vt passive vt vt driving driven moving moved terrifying terrified exploiting exploited 有些及物动词可以做不及物 意思会有不同 amovingcar vi 在行进的汽车 Ex falling vi progressfallen vi finished boil water沸水 boil water开水 fall leaves 空中 落叶 fall leaves 地上 落叶the rise sun冉冉升起的太阳the rise sun升起的太阳a drown man一个快淹死的人a drown man一个淹死了的人 boiling boiled falling fallen rising risen drowning drowned a develop country发展中国家a develop country发达国家the change world变化万千的世界the fade flowers凋谢了的花the retire teachers退休教师the return students归国留学生an escape prisoner逃亡的囚犯the sleep boy睡着的男孩 freeze meat冻肉the set sun落日 developing developed changing faded retired returned escaped sleeping frozen setting 后置定语 形式 五种 以write为例 active 1 writing 进行 一般 两种 2 towrite 未来 序数词 内容 Theboysittingatthedesk 坐在桌边的男孩 进行 ThebookdealingwithgrammarIntheyearstocomeThefirstpersontoleaveHiswishtojointhearmy an interest book一本有趣的书the interest people感兴趣的人们an satisfy answer令人满意的回答the damage car毁坏了的汽车the attack troops进攻部队the frighten boys吓坏了的男孩a correct exercise book批改过的练习本a please voice悦耳的声音the print machines印刷机a break window被打坏的窗户 interesting interested satisfying damaged attacking frightened corrected pleasing printing broken back compare 1 Ifoundhimreadingintheclassroom 2 Ifoundhimleavewithoutsayingaword 3 Ifoundhimtobeveryinteresting 4 IfoundhimtowritealetterinEnglish wrong 1 Imadehimdotheworkagain 2 ImademyselfunderstoodinEnglish 3 Imadehimtobeacollegestudent 4 Imadehimtodotheworkagain 5 Imadethemachinerunning 6 Imadethelessonveryinteresting adj wrong wrong wrong 可以带宾补的动词有 Feel find get leave want 分词做状语 句首和句尾 Fillintheblankswithpropertenses be therebefore heofferedbeourguide Deeply move byhiswords shedecidedtoworkhard Isawthem play footballwhenIpassedthesportsfield try manytimes theexperimentbecameasuccess Westoodbythesea watch thesun rise Canyoulendmethedictionary buy yesterday Havingbeen moved playing Havingbeentried watching rising bought 完成式只出现在句首的状语中 分词可以做句子的定语 状语 补语 分词的时态和语态 及物动词 以write为例 有以下形式 writinghavingwrittenbeingwrittenhavingbeenwritten 1 Themansellingnewspapersforalivinghasjustbeenlaidoff 2 StudentsseeingafilmnowareformShanghaiNo2MiddleSchool 3 Havingbeenfinished thecompositionwashandedin 4 Thebridgebeingbuiltwillbelongestintheworld 一般 进行 完成 进行 不及物动词 以fall为例 有以下形式 fallingfallenhavingfallen 1 Youcanseefallingleavesflutteringintheair 2 Thegroundwascoveredwithfallenleaves 3 Seeingnobodyintheclassroom heleftatonce 4 Havingtriedagain hesucceededinbringingtheteamtothechampionoftheworldcup 进行 完成 一般 完成 又称 V ing和V ed 非谓语动词 分词 现在分词 过去分词 为何叫非谓语 它可以做某个句子成分 但不能做谓语 有什么动词特征 可以后接宾语 状语等 有时态语态的变化 句子成分 1 Isawthemreading 宾语补足语 2 Thenewsisdisappointing 表语 动词特征 1 Passingthepark hefoundthegateopen 后接宾语 2 ThebicyclebeingrepairedisTom s 被动语态 动名词 句子的成分 动名词是一种非谓语动词 不能做句子的 谓语 主语 谓语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语 动名词可以做 主语 宾语 表语 定语 1 Swimmingisagoodsport 2 Cryingisofnouse 3 Swimminginriversisagoodsport 4 Takingawalkaftersupperisagoodhabit 主语 被状语修饰 像动词一样可以有宾语 Translation 每天早上朗读英语 isveryimportant 一次又一次的考试失败 madehimdepressed 乘地铁可以节省很多时间 做早操能增进我们的健康 ReadingEnglishaloudeverymorning Failingagainandagainintheexam Takingtheundergroundwillsavealotoftime Doingmorningexercisescanimproveourhealth Correction 5 Standbeyondtheyellowlineisextremelydangerous 6 Playradiosloudlymaydisturbotherpassengers Talkingisnotdoing 表语 否定式 带宾语 2 Ourgoalisrealizingmodernization 3 Myjobis 教英语 teachingEnglish 4 Hishobbyis 收集邮票 collectingstamps 5 Hisaimisjointhearmy wrong joining Compare Heisreadinganovel 进行时态 TheysuggestedgoingtoBeijingbyplane 宾语 在下列动词后面用动名词做宾语 enjoy finish prepare mind avoid consider delay keep imagine risk suggest allow resist fancy admit dislike deny practice miss postpone putoff giveup escape It snogood It snouse It sworth can tstand can thelp can tbear 1 Fancymeetingyouhere 2 Theydelayedansweringtheletter 3 Heriskedlosinghisjobbycriticizingtheboss 30 4 Thegirlcouldn thelpcryingatthesadnews 5 Ican tstandwaitingforsolongatime 6 我明天将看完这本书 7 你应该避免再犯这样的错误 8 小偷承认偷了他的手表 9 学英语不练习讲是没用的 10 很抱歉 我没法帮做家务 Iwillfinishreadingthisbooktomorrow Youshouldavoidmakingsuchamistakeagain Thiefadmittedhavingstolenhiswatch It snouselearningEnglishwithoutpracticing Sorry Ican thelp to dothehousework 做介词的宾语 1 Theheavysnowdidn tstopusfromgoingtoschool 2 Thelittlegirlmadealivingbysellingnewspapers Theycametothepartywithout invite Sheinsistedon do theworkallbyherself beinginvited doing 5 I msorryfor keep youwaitingforalongtime havingkept 动名词的形式 Idon tmind call LaoWang praise timeandagaininpublicmadehimfeelembarrassed learn someEnglishbeforehelpedhimalotwhenhewasinEngland Theysuggested give somemoreinformation Iconsider notdo theexperimentagain beingcalled Beingpraised Havinglearned 1 Mary sbeinglatemadetheteacherangry 动名词带有自己的主语 2 他们的到来 wasagreathelptous 3 Idon tlike 他们去看电影 Theircoming theirgoingtothecinema beinggiven notdoing 1 Doyoumindmyopeningthewindow 2 Doyoumindmeopeningthewindow 3 Heinsistedonourshowingourpasses 4 Heinsistedonusshowingourpasses 5 Didyouhearthenoiseofthedoorbeingopened 6 Didyouhearthenoiseofthedoorbeingopened wrong 也可以用宾格 7 XiaoLi shavingarriveintimemadeusfeelrelieved 7 XiaoLihavingarriveintimemadeusfeelrelieved wrong 句首只用所有格 无生命的名词只用普通格 动名词做定语 没有被动和完成式 1 Mymotherboughtasewingmachine 2 Hecollectedalotofreadingmaterials 3 Thelastwishofthis die soldierwastotakeanotherlookathisbeautifulcountry dying 4 Thiswatercannotbeusedas drink water drinking 5 卧铺车厢 6 自来水 7 学习方法 8 起居室 sleepingcar runningwater learningmethod sitting room 下列词组中的to为介词 后接名词或动名词 addtoconfesstolistentoobjecttorefertorespondtosticktowitnesstogetdowntolookforwardto accustom toapply todevote toowe toprefer toreduce tobeaccustomedtobecontrarytobeopposedtobeexposedtobelimitedto 增添 承认 听 说 反对 涉及 查阅 作出反应 坚持 见证 开始 期待 使 习惯于 把 运用于 把 奉献给 把 归功于 宁可要 把 降低到 习惯于 与 相反 反对 暴露于 限制在 20 中译英 1 小李的再次迟到增添了我们的困难 addto 2 他们反对被当作孩子来对待 objectto 3 晚饭后孩子们开始做作业 getdownto 4 这位老人把一生都奉献给了为人民服务 devote to 5 当遇到生词时你们可以查字典 refer to 6 老师们把多媒体技术运用与教学当中 apply to 7 我们期待着再次参观你们学校 lookforwardto 我已经做出了决定并且会坚持这一决定 stickto 9 他们宁愿在家里不愿去看电影 prefer to wouldprefer 10 年青的一代将见证浦东的飞速发展 witnessto 11 我们坚决反对半途而废 beopposedto 12 他被迫沦落到乞讨为生 bereducedto 13 要学好英语你应该置身于英语语言环境 beexposedto 14 城市里的人们已经习惯了晚睡晚起 beaccustomedto 15 不久小李就使自己习惯了尽可能多的讲英语 accustom to 16 最高时速限制在每小时100公里 belimitedto Istronglyobjecttobei