2012-2013学年度第一学期英语自测试卷讲评教案.doc

20122013学年度第 一 学期英语试卷讲评教案 讲课人 杨雪 一、讲评内容：中职英语自测试题二、讲评目标：紧扣试题中学生的错题进行重练诊断问题变式训练梳理知识帮助学生查漏补缺并进行行解题方法指导提高解题技巧三、讲评重点：阅读侧重分析各类文体的写作特点，答题方法以及各类题目的答题要领，指导学生依据文章本身的事实、作者的思路和目的语国家文化背景答题，不要受自身经历、体会的干扰，同时根据不同文章的特点指导学生使用不同的阅读方法。四、讲评难点：把握知识结构，侧重考点、热点分析，反对面面俱到和逐一排除干扰项的做法。完形重在指导学生在把握篇章整体意义的基础上选择答案，同时找到每道题答题的依据。五、讲评方法：预先练习精确统计问题诊断巩固提升梳理知识方法指导。 六、试题分析1、试卷命题依据，教育部中等职业技术学校英语教学大纲（试行）（2000年）中职英语教学大纲（2000年）：掌握1400个常用词（含初中词汇）和不低于400个左右习惯用语和固定搭配。此外，还要学习900个左右单词和一定数量的习惯用语及固定搭配，但仅要求理解其在语篇中的意义。”2、试题结构题 型题 量计 分时间（分钟）多项选择20（1-20）3050完型填空20（21-40）30单句指错10（41-50）15阅读理解25（51-75）5040书面表达1（76）2530总 计76150120第一大题 选择题以考语法为主，词汇辨析的比例较少。语法以动词和句法为主： 动词：6题 句子结构、从句：8题句法题逐渐增多：七、讲评步骤 Step:11I arrived the city 9：00 a.m. March 1.A. at，in，at B. to，on，at C. in，on，at D. in，at，on答案：D分析：本题考查考生对介词固定搭配的掌握情况。arrive at+小地点，arrive in+接大地点（城市、国家等）。具体几点钟前用at, 几月几号前用on。2I looked under table and found pen I lost last week.A. the；the B. the；a C.； D. the；答案：A分析：本题考查考生对冠词表特指的掌握情况。双方都明白的table前和有定语从句修饰的pen 前使用定冠词3Is your younger brother to join the army?A. enough old B. old enough C. as old D. so old 答案：B分析：本题考查考生对副词enough位置的掌握情况。enough修饰名词是放在名词前面，修饰形容词是放在形容词后面。4He had tried many times to smoking, but he failed.A. give off B. give out C. give away D. give up答案：D分析：本题考查考生对动词短语的理解能力。give off 发出（光、气味） The boys dirty shirt gave off an unpleasant smell. give out 发出；分发（试卷等） give away 泄露（秘密）；暴露（真相）；背弃，出卖 You cant give away the secret. I was given away by my friends. give up 放弃，戒烟、戒酒等。5Dont forget _ your umbrella with you. It might rain in the evening.A. take B. takes C. to take D. taking答案：C分析：本题考查考生对动词后接不定式形式的掌握情况。forget to do sth 忘记做某事（还没做） 选项B是单三形式 forget doing sth 忘记做过某事（已经做了）6 Have you heard the news? No. ？A. What is it B. What is there C. What are they D. What are there答案：A分析：本题考查考生在具体的交际环境中准确运用语言的能力。“你听到那个消息了吗？”“什么消息？”the news 作单数，用it 指代。选项B、D句子结构错误。7Its no use me not to worry about the thing.A. your tell B. you told C. your telling D. you have told答案：C分析：本题考查考生对动名词的复合结构的掌握情况。Its no use doing sth. 做某事是没用的。your telling me not to worry about the thing “你叫我别担心那件事”， 物主代词your是telling 的逻辑主语。8Well buy a bigger TV we have enough money.A. although B. though C. whether D. if答案：D分析：本题考查考生对条件状语从句引导词的掌握情况。选项A、B引导让步状语从句，选项C（“是否”）引导名词性从句。“如果有足够的钱，我们会买一台更大的电视机。”9Can you tell us room she lives in?A. which B. where C. how D. who答案：A分析：本题考查考生对宾语从句引导词的掌握情况。which作定语，修饰room, room作介词in 的宾语。10More than one official involved in the case.A. were B. was C. are D. be答案：B分析：本题考查考生对主谓一致和动词一般过去时态的掌握情况。“不止一个官员被牵涉到这个案件中。” “many a 或 more than one + 单数名词”作主语，动词用单数形式11The more we get together, we will be.A. the happy B. happier C. the happier D. more happy答案：C分析：本题考查考生对形容词比较级“the+比较级，the+比较级”（越，就越）的掌握情况。“我们聚会得越多，我们就越快乐。”12It is high time that you your mind.A. change B. changed C. are changing D. are to change答案：B分析：本题考查考生对虚拟语气的掌握情况。在“It is (high/about) time (that) 从句”的句型中，that从句中的动词要用虚拟语气。其含义为“该是做某事的时候了。”13The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as he .A. will arrive B. arrives C. is going to arrive D. is arriving答案：B分析：本题考查考生对时间状语从句动词时态的掌握情况。在时间和条件状语从句中，其谓语动词一般不用将来时，而用一般现在时代替一般将来时，用一般过去时代替过去将来时，用现在完成时代替过去完成时。14His new book next month.A. has been published B. is publishing C. is being published D. will be published答案：D分析：本题考查考生对一般将来时被动语态的掌握情况。 主语book与谓语动词publish之间是被动关系，next month 表明必须用一般将来时态。15The policeman asked him when the accident happened.A. what he was doing B. what did he do C. what was he doing D. what he did答案：A分析：本题考查考生对宾语从句语序和时态的掌握情况。宾语从句中用陈述句语序，即谓语动词（含助动词、系动词）都在主语后面，不能倒装，选项B、C语序错误。“警察询问事故发生时他在干什么。”事故发生时是一个具体准确的时刻，用进行时态。16By the time he was six, the boy 3000 words.A. learned B. had learned C. would learn D. has learned答案：B分析：本题考查考生对过去完成时态的掌握情况。By 到过去某一时刻为止用过去进行时。 17John seldom got drunk， ？A. doesnt he B. didnt he C. did he D. does he答案：C分析：本题考查考生对反义疑问句的掌握情况。seldom表示否定，后面用肯定形式的简短问句。18We moved to the town we could go to see our parents often. A. even if B. so as C. so that D. as if答案：C分析：本题考查考生对目的状语从句引导词的掌握情况。19The white T-shirt yesterday is very expensive.A. he had bought B. he was bought C. he bought it D. he bought答案：D分析：本题考查考生对定语从句的掌握情况。本题考查了定语从句的时态、语态和引导词？。“他昨天买的那件体恤衫很贵。”省略了引导词which/that（指物）。选项A时态不对，选项B语态错误，选项C中it多余。20Little difficulty in performing the operation.A. did we meet B. we met with C. we meet D. did not we meet with答案：A分析：本题考查考生对倒装句的掌握情况。little等表示否定意义的词置于句首必须用倒装结构。Step2:第二大题：完形填空一 大题概述本部分有20小题，主要测试考生对篇章的理解及对部分词汇知识的掌握情况。所选篇章介绍了一位澳大利亚作家写的一本书Being a Happy Teenager的主要内容。本篇文章从网上搜索后发现，最早在2004的网页中已经出现，文章标题为 “Being a happy kid to have success ”“（改变旧的思维角度，你会发现快乐原来是件简单的事”）。考点覆盖名词、动词、形容词、代词、副词、连词、介词等。 Have you ever had problems in your life and dont know how to be happy? If 21 ,you will find “Being a Happy Teenager” by Australian writer Andrew Matthews 22 In his book, Matthews 23 us how to have a happy life and answer the 24 of teenagers.There are many subjects 25 as parents and friends, and the book says we should stop being 26 and forgiveThe book tells us of useful skills such as 27 to put what you have learned into pictures of your mind to 28 your memory betterMany teenagers think 29 happiness comes from a good exam result, 30 praisefrom other people. But you can 31 be happy when there are no such “good” things. Success comes from a 32 attitude .If you 33 from problems, you will have success in the future.Some school students have 34 such as being too tall or too short. But Matthews tells us that 35 comes from thinking about things in a positive(积极的) 36 .If you are 37 ,people notice you and you can get a 38 view at the movie; if you are short ,your clothes and shoes take less 39 in your bedroom !This is Matthews most important 40 ;you choose to be happy!21A. so B. not C. it D. do答案：A分析：本题考查考生根据特定语境选择使用副词的能力。 “如果是这样的话，。” so 简略代替句首内容，避免语言重复。22A. wise B. useless C. useful D. simple答案：C分析：本题考查考生根据特定语境选择使用形容词的能力。由下文看，Andrew Matthews所著的Being a Happy Teenager一书对解除青少年的烦恼有很大帮助。23A. orders B. argues C. asks D .tell答案：D分析：本题考查考生根据特定语境选择使用动词的能力。tell语气不太强，order语气太强，为有权威者用以指令别人服从。24A. calls B. questions C. ideas D. thoughts 答案：B分析：本题考查考生根据特定语境选择使用名词的能力。answer the questions 为固定搭配。25A. so B. same C. as D. such 答案：D分析：本题考查考生根据特定语境选择使用短语的能力。such as “例如”，用来罗列例子。26A. kind B. happy C. angry D. proud 答案：C分析：本题考查考生根据特定语境选择使用形容词的能力。由forgive（“原谅”）反推，此处应该用angry。stop being angry “不要发怒”27A. what B. how C. which D. why 答案：B分析：本题考查考生根据特定语境选择使用关系副词的能力。疑问词+不定式结构，how作不定式的状语。28A. make B. turn C. let D. change 答案分析：本题考查考生根据特定语境选择使用动词的能力。“使你的记忆力更好。”29A if Bit C. that D. whether 答案：C分析：本题考查考生根据特定语境选择使用宾语从句引导词的能力。选项B不能作从句引导词，if/whether“是否”，表示从句的内容不确定，有疑问。30A. and B. but C. so D. or 答案：D分析：本题考查考生根据特定语境选择使用连词的能力。31A. even B. never C. still D .hardly 答案：C分析：本题考查考生根据特定语境选择使用副词的能力。“仍然”，由下文可知。32A. general B. good C .lucky D .final 答案：B分析：本题考查考生根据特定语境选择使用形容词的能力。“成功取决于好的态度。”33A .learn B .suffer C. hear D. separate 答案：A分析：本题考查考生根据特定语境选择使用动词的能力。“ 从问题中学习。”34A. joys B. practices C. facts D. problems 答案：D分析：本题考查考生根据特定语境选择使用名词的能力。由文章首句可知答案35A. success B. happiness C .failure D. sadne答案：B分析：本题考查考生根据特定语境选择使用名词的能力。36A .way B. mean C. situation D interest 答案：A分析：本题考查考生根据特定语境选择使用名词的能力。“幸福起源于以一种积极的方式思考问题。”37A. short B. small C. tall D .fat 答案：C分析：本题考查考生根据特定语境选择使用形容词的能力。本段落谈论个子高矮的问题。下半句谈个子“矮”，“if you are short”，因此此处应是假设个子高。38A .lower B. higher C. worse D. better 答案：D分析：本题考查考生根据特定语境选择使用形容词的能力。39A .room B. time C. effort D. distance 答案：分析：本题考查考生根据特定语境选择使用名词的能力。个子矮衣物所占的空间当然要少些。40A. work B. lesson C. thing D. truth 答案：B分析：本题考查考生根据特定语境选择使用名词的能力。lesson此处意为“经验”。Step3:第三大题：单句指错41The Smiths have two daughter. One is a doctor. The other is a teacher. A B C D答案：B分析：本题考查考生对名词复数形式的掌握情况。“两个女儿”用复数形式。daughter daughters42He listens to the teacher more careful than you . A B C D 答案：C分析：本题考查考生对副词的掌握情况。选项B在句中修饰谓语动词，应使用副词。 careful carefully43It were him that I met in the street yesterday. A B C D 答案：B分析：本题考查考生对强调句型的掌握情况。强调句结构为：It is/was + 被强调部分 + that + 其它 were was “昨天我在街上碰到的正是他。”44The room looks old and needs to paint, so we cant live in it now. A B C D 答案：B分析：本题考查考生对动名词作宾语的掌握情况。B painting/to be painted 在动词want, need 和require 后接动名词形式作宾语，表示被动含义，意为“需要被”、“该被”，相当于“want/need/require + to be done”。 45You had better try to persuade him going to the hospital. A B C D 答案：D分析：本题考查考生队动词不定式作宾语补足语的掌握情况。going to go persuade sb to do sth “劝说某人做某事”。跟不定式作宾语补足语的常见动词有: advise, allow, ask, beg, encourage, get, force, invite, expect, order, permit, persuade, require, want, warn, teach, wish 等。46How an exciting game it was! We enjoyed every minute of it. A B C D 答案：A分析：本题考查考生对感叹句结构的掌握情况。How What 感叹句通常由what, how引导，what修饰名词，how 修饰形容词，副词或动词，感叹句结构主要有以下几种： How +形容词+ a(n) +名词+陈述语序How+形容词或副词+陈述语序What +名词+陈述语序What+a(n) +形容词+名词+陈述语序What+ 形容词+复数名词+陈述语序What+ 形容词+不可数名词+陈述语序47Healthy is one of the most important factors for one to succeed in his career. A B C D 答案：A分析：本题考查考生对名词作主语的掌握情况。选项A在句子中作主语，必须使用名次形式。Healthy Health48.Everyone talks about reducing the costs, but its easier said than doing.A B C D答案：D分析：本题考查考生对复杂比较级句型的掌握情况。本题偏难。doing done easier said than done是一个习语，“说比做容易”。 “Why dont you get yourself a job?” “ Thats easier said than done.” “你怎么不找个工作呢？” “说起来容易，找起来难哪。”(牛津高阶英汉双解词典)另外两种说法It is easier to say than to do. It is easier saying than doing. 都有一个特点，比较级句型前后要用一致的形式。49I dont like the way where he treats the farmers near his house. A B C D 答案：Cwhere in which/that在way 之后跟定义从句而way 在其中充当状语是，共有三种表达方式：Athe way 后省略引导词 B. the way that C. the way in which 例如：People like the way he wrote and so he went on writing.I dont like the way that you laugh at her. 我不喜欢你那样嘲笑她。The way in which you answered the questions was admirable. 你回答问题的方式令人敬佩。50There is a popular belief among the scientists that physics tell the truth. A B C D 答案：D分析：本题考查考生对主谓一致的掌握情况。tell tells 从形式上看，“physics” 在其后有“s”，似乎是复数；但从意义上看，“physics”表示一门学科，应与单数动词搭配。Step4:第四大题：阅读理解该部分所选的五篇文章体裁和题材丰富多样，涉及内容广泛。Passage One讲述了宇航员在太空的生活。 Passage Two讲述了一位患绝症孩子的父母为孩子找到治病方法的故事。Passage Three讲述了有计划的旅游对旅游地区经济发展的影响。Passage Four介绍了西方的一个节日“不消费日”。Passage Five是一篇说明文，介绍了人体每日能量周期。Passage OneWe dont have beds in the spacecraft, but we do have sleeping bags. During the day, when we are working, we leave the bags tied to the wall(51题), out of the way. At bedtime we untie them and take them wherever weve chosen to sleep. On most spacecraft flights everyone sleeps at the same time. No one has to stay awake to watch over the spacecraft;(52题) the crafts computers call us on the radio. On the spacecraft, sleep-time doesnt mean nighttime. During each ninety-minutes orbit (轨道) the sun “rises” (54题)and shines through our windows for about fifty minutes, then it sets as the spacecraft takes us around the dark side of the Earth. To keep the sun out of our eyes, we wear black sleep masks. It is surprisingly easy to get comfortable and fall asleep in space. Every astronaut (宇航员) sleeps differently: some sleep upside down, some sideways, and some right side up. When its time to sleep, I take my bag, my sleep mask and my tape player with earphones and float up, to the flight deck (驾驶舱). Then I get into the bag, and float in a sitting position just above a seat, right next to a window. Before I pull the mask down over my eyes, I relax for a while, listening to music (53题) and watching the Earth go by under me.51When the astronauts are working, sleeping bags are fastened_. A. on the wall B. to their seats C. onto the flight deck D. anywhere they like答案：A分析：本题考查考生对文中具体细节的理解能力。第一段介绍了睡袋(sleeping bags)的使用。工作时，睡袋固定在舱壁上(tied to the wall)。睡觉时，解开(untie)睡袋，任选位置睡觉。52Why can all the astronauts sleep at the same time? A. They have to follow the same timetable. B. The radio will take care of the aircraft for them. C. There are enough sleeping bags in the spacecraft. D. There is no need for them to watch over the spacecraft.答案：D分析：本题考查考生对文中具体细节的理解能力。第二段谈到所有的宇航员同时睡觉，因为No one has to stay awake to watch over the 53To relax himself before sleep, the writer often_. A. makes a bed B. gets into his bag C. listens to music D. wears a sleep mask答案：C分析：本题考查考生对文中具体细节的理解能力。从文中最后一句可知答案。54How long does it take the spacecraft to go round the Earth? A. Forty minutes. B. Fifty minutes. C. Ninety minutes D. Twenty-four hours. 答案：C分析：本题考查考生对文中具体细节的理解能力。从第二段第二句“During each ninety-minutes orbit, the sun rises and shines ”可知宇宙飞船绕地球一周的时间是90分钟。55The best title for this passage is_. A. Traveling in Space B. Sleeping in the Spacecraft C. Equipment Used by Astronauts D. The Earth Seen from Outer Space答案：B分析：本题考查考生对全文主旨大意的把握能力。第一段讲睡袋的使用，第二段说宇航员可以同时休息，第三段谈宇航员休息的时间第四段说的是睡觉的姿势。全文都围绕宇航员在宇宙飞船中睡觉这一话题而展开。Passage TwoWhen a rare disease ALD threatened to kill the four-year-old boy Lorenzo, his parents refused to give up hope. Doctors explained that there was no cure for ALD, and that he would probably die within three years. (56题)But Lorenzos parents set out to prove the doctors wrong. The parents devoted themselves to keeping their son alive and searching for a cure. But doctors and the families of other ALD patients often refused to take them seriously. They thought the efforts to find a cure were a waste of time,(57题) and drug companies werent interested in supporting research into such a rare disease. However, the parents still refused to give up and spent every available hour in medical libraries and talking to anyone who would help. Through trial and error, they finally created a cure from ingredients( 调料) commonly found in the kitchen. The cure, named Lorenzos Oil, saved the boys life. Despite the good results, scientists and doctors remained unconvinced. They said there was no real evidence that the oil worked and that the treatment was just a theory. (58题)As a result, some families with ALD children were reluctant to try it. Finally, the boys father organized an international study to test the oil. (59题)After ten years of trials, the answer is: the oil keeps ALD children healthy.(60题)56Doctors said that Lorenzo might die within three years because _ . A they had never treated the disease before B Lorenzo was too young to be curedC no cure had been found for ALD D ALD was a new disease答案：C分析：本题考查考生对文中具体细节的理解能力。从第一段第二句可知答案。57The families of other ALD patients thought that _ . A the research for the new cure would cost too much money B the efforts of Lorenzos parents were a waste of time C Lorenzos parents would succeed in finding a cureD Lorenzos oil was a real cure for ALD答案：B分析：本题考查考生对文中具体细节的理解能力。从文中第二段可知答案。58Scientists and doctors believed that Lorenzos Oil _ . A was really effective B was a successful story C only worked in theoryD would save the boys life答案：C分析：本题考查考生对文中具体细节的理解与推断能力。从文中第三段可知答案59Lorenzos father organized an international study to _ . A test Lorenzos Oil B get financial support C find a cure for the diseaseD introduce the cure worldwide答案：A分析：本题考查考生对文中具体细节的理解能力。从第四段首句可知答案。60From the passage we can conclude that _ . A many ALD patients still refuse to use the oil B doctors remain doubtful of Lorenzos oil C various cures have been found for ALDD the oil really works as a cure for ALD答案：D分析：本题考查考生对文中具体细节的理解与推断能力。从第四段可知答案。这个男孩的父亲组织专题研究测试这种oil，经过十年试验，证明这种oil能使患ALD疾病的孩子保持健康。Passage ThreeWithout proper planning, tourism can cause problems. For example, too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the inhabitants of a country. If tourists create too much traffic, the inhabitants become annoyed and unhappy. They begin to dislike tourists and to treat them impolitely. They forget how much tourism can help the count