高考英语词汇（同义、近义、相似词）名词精选练习.doc

08届高考英语词汇（同义、近义、相似词）名词精选练习（一）1. It is clear that the whole world is passing through a social revolution in which a central _ must be taken by scientists and technologists. A. process B. attention C. measure D. part2. When I worked as the general manager of the firm, I sometimes had _ to visit London on business. A. opportunity B. possibility C. occasion D. chance3. The most important _ of his speech was that we should all work whole-heartedly for the people. A. element B. spot C. sense D. point4. It has always been the _ of our firm to encourage workers to take part in social activities. A. plan B. campaign C. procedure D. policy5. He has left his book here on _, so that you can read it. A. purpose B. intention C. aim D. meaning6. We wont know whether it will be successful. We wont know whether there will be good _. A. ends B. results C. effects D. causes7. She got married although her parents had not given her their _. A. allowance B. consent C. permit D. appreciation8. I caught a _ of the car before it disappeared around the bend. A. glance B. glimpse C. glare D. stare9. After dinner the minister made a short _ to the guests. A. delivery B. pronunciation C. conversation D. speech10. The old man got into the _ of storing money under the bed. A. tradition B. habit C. use D. custom11.Its bad _ for a man to smoke in the public places where smoking is not allowed.A. behaviorB. actionC. mannerD. movement12.Before the final examination, many students have shown _ of tension. Some have trouble in sleeping while others have lost their appetite.A. anxietyB. marksC. signsD. remarks13.Yangyang carried off the first winter Olympic _ medal for China.Great! What _ she won for our motherland!A. golden; honorB. gold; honorC. golden; honorsD. gold; honors14. Who on earth could it be? It was _ other than Peter.A. none B. nothing C. not D. nobody15. In the of proof , the police could not take action against the man .Alack Bshortage Cabsence Dfailure 16. He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his _ was seen at its best when he worked with others.A. temperB. appearanceC. talentD. character17. Does this car give you good _for your money ?A. value B. price C. worth D. cost18.It seemed that Ivy was in no_ this evening to listen to my jokes.A. mindB. moodC. feelingD. emotion19.After careful research, it was decided that the spaceship should reenter the Earths_.A. surfaceB. airC. environmentD. atmosphere20.The headmaster is to give a formal_ at the annual ceremony.A. addressB. argumentC. debateD. remark21.Shanghai is so full of_, it seems as if things never stop.A. strengthB. spiritC. forceD. energy22.My knowledge of Hong Kong came only from some movies: a_ of criminals are pursued by the police in the narrow streets and then they have a fight.A. groupB. teamC. classD. gang23.A(n)_ is a person who understand peoples characters.A. photographerB. psychologistC. physicianD. physicist24.If you build a house with good_ , it will last long.A. foundationB. floorC. basisD. ground25.Although I had read the book assigned by the professor several times, it didnt make any_ to me.A. meaningB. importanceC. senseD. significance26.Burning all the lights in the classroom will be a great_ on electric power.A. wasteB. lackC. drainD. damage27. The managing director took the _ for the accident, although it was not really his fault.A. guilt B. charge C. blame D. account28. It was a great _ for him to be pleasant to people he didnt like.A. attempt B. trouble C. power D. effort29. His new appointment takes _ from the beginning of next month.A. place B. effect C. post D. office30. According to the psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud, wisdom comes from the _ of maturity. A. fulfillment B. achievement C. establishment D. accomplishment31. We are interested in the weather because it _ us so directly - what we wear, what we do, and even how we feel. A. benefits B. guides C. affects D. effects32. The boy had a _ escape when he ran across the road in front of the bus. A. close B. short C. narrow D. fine33. It is wrong for someone in such a high _ in the government to behave too badly in public. A. situation B. position C. employment D. profession34. We all knew from the very _ that the plan would fail. A. outcome B. outset C. income D. output35. Lawyers often make higher _ for their work than they should. A. bills B. charges C. prices D. costs36. This book gives a brief _ of the history of the castle and details of the art collection in the main hall. A. outline B. reference C. article D. outlook37. The members of the club wouldnt run a _ in entrusting（委托） the organization to an unreliable person. A. danger B. risk C. loose D. chance38. The final _ of the play will take place on Monday. A. action B. performance C. view D. sight39. The governments strong action demonstrated its _ to crush the rebellion. A. energy B. resistance C. courage D. determination40. Probability is the mathematical study of the _ of an events occurrence. A. desire B. likelihood C. result D. effect41. The _ of the trees in the water was very clear. A. mirror B. sight C. reflection D. shadow42. People who live in a small village are bound to see a good _ of each other. A. sum B. quantity C. deal D. amount43. They always kept on good _ with their next-door neighbors for the childrens sake. A. friendship B. relations C. intentions D. terms44. The generation _ makes it difficult for parents to understand their childrens opinions. A. division B. gap C. separation D. interval45. I hope my teacher will take my recent illness into _ when judging my examination. A. regard B. account C. thought D. observation08届高考英语词汇（同义、近义、相似词）名词精选练习（一）解答1. It is clear that the whole world is passing through a social revolution in which a central _ must be taken by scientists and technologists. A. process B. attention C. measure D. partD. part. take part in参加。本题译文：显然，整个世界正经历着一场社会革命；科学家和技术人员必定是这场革命地主要参加者。2. When I worked as the general manager of the firm, I sometimes had _ to visit London on business. A. opportunity B. possibility C. occasion D. chanceC. occasion. occasion 作可数名词时，意为“时机”，作不可数名词时，意为“必要”，本题中occasion意为“必要”。从句语法结构上看，本句中用opportunity(难得的)机会，chance（偶然的）机会均可，但按逻辑意思，应用occasion.3. The most important _ of his speech was that we should all work whole-heartedly for the people. A. element B. spot C. sense D. pointD. point. point(=chief idea of sth. said, done, or planned)要点；论点，主旨：I dont see your point.(我不明白你的意思。)He said nothing to the point.(他说的不切题。)4. It has always been the _ of our firm to encourage workers to take part in social activities. A. plan B. campaign C. procedure D. policyD. policy. policy(尤指政党、政府、大企业、商行等的)政策，方针。campaign(政治或竞选的)运动；（军事的）行动，procedure做事的手续、程序，plan计划，均不合题意。本题译文：本公司的一贯方针是鼓励工人参加社会活动。5. He has left his book here on _, so that you can read it. A. purpose B. intention C. aim D. meaningA. purpose. on purpose是介词习语，意为“故意地”。如用intention,则应说by intention故意地。6. We wont know whether it will be successful. We wont know whether there will be good _. A. ends B. results C. effects D. causesB. results. result意为“由某种活动或某种原因所产生的结果”，如：obtain(=get, attain, gain win, secure)good results（取得好结果），publish the results（公布成绩）。7. She got married although her parents had not given her their _. A. allowance B. consent C. permit D. appreciationB. consent.consent n. 同意，赞成；consent (to) vi.同意，如：consent to a plan(同意一项计划)。allowance津贴。permit执照，许可证 permission n 允许。8. I caught a _ of the car before it disappeared around the bend. A. glance B. glimpse C. glare D. stare B. glimpse catch (or get) a glimpse of瞥见(强调行为的结果) I caught a glimpse of her in the crowd. 我在人群中瞥见了他。take a glance (or look) at看一眼(强调行为过程本身)。Take a glance at the Tv programs 瞄一下电视节目9. After dinner the minister made a short _ to the guests. A. delivery B. pronunciation C. conversation D. speech D.speech. make a speech to sb.(向某人做演讲)。make conversation with sb.(和某人闲谈conversation常与下列动词搭配:get (enter) into conversation with(和.攀谈起来),have a conversation with(与.谈话),interr upt (break off) conversation(中断谈话),turn the conversation to other matters(把话题转到其他问题上)delivery常指(演讲等的)说话方式,口才,如: His report was good, but his delivery was poor.( 他的报告内容很好,但他的口才太差)。10. The old man got into the _ of storing money under the bed. A. tradition B. habit C. use D. custom B. habit. get into the habit of doing sth.意为养成了做.的习惯。habit指个人的习惯,而custom则指社会的风俗习惯。tradition传统11.Its bad _ for a man to smoke in the public places where smoking is not allowed.A. behaviorB. actionC. mannerD. movementbehavior意思为举止，行为；action 动作；manner方式； movement 运动，行动。答案A。12.Before the final examination, many students have shown _ of tension. Some have trouble in sleeping while others have lost their appetite.A. anxietyB. marksC. signsD. remarksanxiety与 tension 同义，意思为紧张；mark记号，痕迹； sign迹象，现象，标记； remark评论。根据句意，应为show signs of tension表现出紧张的样子。答案C。13.Yangyang carried off the first winter Olympic _ medal for China.Great! What _ she won for our motherland!A. golden; honorB. gold; honorC. golden; honorsD. gold; honors根据句意可以知道，第一空金牌意思为含金之物，应用gold作定语，而golden 为比喻性形容词，意思为金色的。例如golden rice金黄色的稻子；第二空 honor 在此意思为荣誉，光荣，是不可 数名词。答案B。14. Who on earth could it be? It was _ other than Peter.A. none B. nothing C. not D. nobodyA. none other than （表示惊讶）不是别人，不是别的；就是，正是 Its none other than Tom! We thought you were in Africa! 是汤姆！我们以为你还在非洲！15. In the of proof , the police could not take action against the man .Alack Bshortage Cabsence Dfailure C. in the absence of 缺少 shortage 缺乏, 无此搭配。In the developed countries, theres a great shortage of labour / work force. 发达国家劳动力非常缺乏。16. He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his _ was seen at its best when he worked with others.A. temperB. appearanceC. talentD. characterD. 解析 考词义. the beauty of his character人格的魅力17. Does this car give you good _for your money ?A. value B. price C. worth D. costA. 解析good value for money 值得花那么多的钱18.It seemed that Ivy was in no_ this evening to listen to my jokes.A. mindB. moodC. feelingD. emotionB be in no mood to do sth“没有做某事的心情”。19.After careful research, it was decided that the spaceship should reenter the Earths_.A. surfaceB. airC. environmentD. atmosphereD“大气”。A“表面”；B“空气”；C“环境”。20.The headmaster is to give a formal_ at the annual ceremony.A. addressB. argumentC. debateD. remarkA“演讲”。B“争论”；C“辩论”；D“话语，评论”。21.Shanghai is so full of_, it seems as if things never stop.A. strengthB. spiritC. forceD. energyD“精力，活力”。A“力气”；B“精神”；C“力量，武力”。22.My knowledge of Hong Kong came only from some movies: a_ of criminals are pursued by the police in the narrow streets and then they have a fight.A. groupB. teamC. classD. gangD“一伙”。A“组”；B“队”；C“种类，等级”。23.A(n)_ is a person who understand peoples characters.A. photographerB. psychologistC. physicianD. physicistB“心理学家”。A“摄影师”；C“内科医生”；D“物理学家”。24.If you build a house with good_ , it will last long.A. foundationB. floorC. basisD. groundA“基础”，此处指地下的基础。B“地板，楼层”；C“基础，根据”，主要用于比喻方面，具有抽象意义；D“地面”。25.Although I had read the book assigned by the professor several times, it didnt make any_ to me.A. meaningB. importanceC. senseD. significanceC make sense“有意义”。句意为：虽然我把教授布置的书读了好几遍，但是我仍看不懂它。26.Burning all the lights in the classroom will be a great_ on electric power.A. wasteB. lackC. drainD. damageC“消耗”，常与介词on连用。A“浪费”，为不可数名词；B“缺少”；D“损坏，损害”。27. The managing director took the _ for the accident, although it was not really his fault.A. guilt B. charge C. blame D. account C. blame. take the blame for 对.承担责任。Take charge of 负责管理 (照顾) 。注意charge 前无冠词the.28. It was a great _ for him to be pleasant to people he didnt like.A. attempt B. trouble C. power D. effort D. effort. effort (作可数名词用) (=vigorous attempt) 努力的尝试：Does it require a great effort of will to give up smoking? (戒烟需要坚强的毅力吗？)29. His new appointment takes _ from the beginning of next month.A. place B. effect C. post D. office B. effect. take effect 生效。30. According to the psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud, wisdom comes from the _ of maturity. A. fulfillment B. achievement C. establishment D. accomplishment B. achievementachievement (=something successfully finished or gained especially through skill and hard work) 取得, 达到, 成就。例如：achievement age智力成熟年龄。fulfillment (=the act of fulfilling or condition of being fulfilled) 履行, 实行。如：He was willing to face any hardship in fulfillment of his duties. (他愿意迎向困难去履行他得职责。) establishment 建立,建设。Accomplishment (顺利) 完成：It was a great accomplishment to finish the house cleaning in two days. (两天内打扫完这栋屋子是件很了不起的事。)31. We are interested in the weather because it _ us so directly - what we wear, what we do, and even how we feel. A. benefits B. guides C. affects D. effects C. affects. affect (=have an influence or effect on) 影响：The climate affected his health. (气候影响损害了他的健康。)注意affect vt. 影响。effect n. (=influent) 影响, 作用：Some films have a misleading effect on children. effect vt. (=bring about) 实行, 进行, 产生.后果:1) I will effect my purpose: no-one shall stop me! 2) We hope to effect an improvement. (我们希望能引起改进。)注意两个常用的习语:1) to that effect 那个意思的 (话) ：She said she hated spinach, or words to that effect. (她说她不喜欢吃菠菜或那个意思的话。) 2) to the effect that. 意思时说, 表示下述意思：I said a few words the effect that all he had told us was already well known. (我说了几句话, 意思是说他告诉我们的一切都已众所周知。)32. The boy had a _ escape when he ran across the road in front of the bus. A. close B. short C. narrow D. fine C. narrow. have a narrow escape 幸免遇难。33. It is wrong for someone in such a high _ in the government to behave too badly in public. A. situation B. position C. employment D. profession B. position. position 此句中指“地位” (不可数, 有时加不定冠词), 如：1) She was a woman of high position. 2) a high (low) position society.34. We all knew from the very _ that the plan would fail. A. outcome B. outset C. income D. output B. outset. outset 开端, 开始, from the very outset (从一开始) 。outbreak爆发, 发生。outcome结局. income 收入。output 产量。35. Lawyers often make higher _ for their work than they should. A. bills B. charges C. prices D. costs B. charges.make charges for对.收 (费) ; 索 (价) 。charge也可以用作动词, 表示“收费, 索价”, 如：1) We dont charge anything for that. (对此我们不收费。) 2) How much do you charge for a haircut? (理个发要收多少钱？)36. This book gives a brief _ of the history of the castle and details of the art collection in the main hall. A. outline B. reference C. article D. outlook A. outline. outline 轮廓, 概要; give an outline of sth. 概要说明某事。37. The members of the club wouldnt run a _ in entrusting（委托） the organization to an unreliable person. A. danger B. risk C. loose D. chance B. risk. run a risk (in) 冒险：You are running a big risk in trusting him. 本题译文：俱乐部成员不愿冒险把这个组织委托给一个不可靠的人管理。38. The final _ of the play will take place on Monday. A. action B. performance C. view D. sight B. performance. performance (话剧的) 一场演出。39. The governments strong action demonstrated its _ to crush the rebellion. A. energy B. resistance C. courage D. determination D. determination. determination意为“决心”, 后常接动词不定式作定语。40. Probability is the mathematical study of the _ of an events occurrence. A. desire B. likelihood C. result D. effect B. likelihood 句意：概率是对事件发生的可能性的数学研究。41. The _ of the trees in the water was very clear. A. mirror B. sight C. reflection D. shadowC. reflection.reflection此处意为“映在水中的倒影”，而不是“影子”或“阴影”，故不能用shadow。其他选择均不合题意。42. People who live in a small village are bound to see a good _ of each other. A. sum B. quantity C. deal D. amountC. deal.see a good deal of each other 经常见面。43. They always kept on good _ with their next-door neighbors for the childrens sake. A. friendship B. relations C. intentions D. termsD. terms.keep (be) on good terms with与.和睦相处。44. The generation _ makes it difficult for parents to understand their childrens opinions. A. division B. gap C. separation D. intervalB. gap.generation gap 代沟。division分，划分；separation分开；interval间隔，间隙；（幕间或工间）休息。at intervals 不时，时时45. I hope my teacher will take my recent illness into _ when judging my examination. A. regard B. account C. thought D. observationB. account. take sth.