蒙台梭利名言名句.doc

蒙台梭利名言名句儿童的一切教育都必须遵循一个原则，即帮助孩子身心自然的发展。All education of the child must be guided by the principle of helping the physical and mental development of the child 我看到了，我忘记了；我听到了，我记住了；我做过了，我理解了。 I see, I forget; I hear, I remember; I have done, I understand. 儿童的进步不是取决于年龄，而是取决于能够自由地观看他周围的一切。Childrens progress depends not on age, but on the freedom to see everything around them. 当儿童还没有发展起控制能力的时候，“让儿童想干什么就干什么”是与自由观念相违背的。When children havent developed the ability of control, let children do whatever they want is contrary to the concept of freedom. 激发生命，让生命自由发展，这是教育者的首要任务。To stimulate life and let life develop freely is the primary task of educators. 教育体系是以感官基础,以思考为过程,以自由为目的。The educational system is based on sensory organs, thinking as a process, and freedom as a goal. 建立在规则上的自由，才是真正的自由！Freedom based on rules is the real freedom! 儿童对活动的需要几乎比食物的需要更为强烈。Childrens need for activity is almost stronger than their need for food. 教育就是激发生命,充实生命,协助孩子们用自己的力量生存下去,并帮助他们发展这种精神。”Education is to stimulate life, enrich life, help children to survive with their own strength, and help them develop this spirit.谁若不能独立,谁就谈不上自由。 No one can be free unless he is independent.儿童有一种特殊的敏感性,促使他认识周围的一切Children have a special sensibility to know everything around them.人类不像其它动物那样，生来具有已业已协调的动作，人必须学会协调自己的动作 Unlike other animals, humans are not born with coordinated movements. They must learn to coordinate their own movements.儿童有自我保卫和平和追求完美的内在冲动 Children have an inherent impulse to defend peace and pursue perfection小孩是在敏感期学会调适自己并获得特定能力的Children learn to adjust themselves and acquire specific abilities during sensitive periods.没有人能代替孩子的成长No one can take the place of a childs growth.我被人类崇高的思想所感动在人类的本能之中，他们对知识的受远超过了无意义的玩乐I am touched by the noble thoughts of mankind - in human instincts, they receive knowledge far more than meaningless pleasure.导师的职责是指导孩子的智能活动和孩子的心理The duty of a tutor is to direct the childrens intellectual activities and their psychology.孩子有超强的记忆力，当孩子可以动手操作而仅用眼看时，会记得更好Children have super memory, and they remember better when they can operate with their hands and only with their eyes.在一个真正属于孩子的地方，孩子会尽力去注意自己的举止，控制自己的行为In a place that truly belongs to children, children will try their best to pay attention to their behavior and control their behavior.生命的初期，一定要从环境中吸收大量的讯息，这是心智活动最频繁的时期，孩子需要从环境吸收一切的事物At the beginning of life, we must absorb a lot of information from the environment. This is the most frequent period of mental activity. Children need to absorb everything from the environment.断奶在幼儿生命中是个重要的转折点，我们不该让孩子继续吸吮而不咀嚼食物Weaning is an important turning point in a childs life. We should not let the child continue sucking without chewing food.感官训练可以培养敏锐的观察者，适应现在的文明时代，更能实际地应用于日常生活中Sensory training can cultivate keen observers, adapt to the present era of civilization, and be more practical in daily life.利用不同的感官刺激，有条不紊地将注意力引导到儿童的活动甽，即便是嗅觉也可以用理解的方式来训练，从而成为他们探索环境的器官Using different sensory stimuli, attention is systematically directed to childrens activities, and even the sense of smell can be trained in an understandable way, thus becoming an organ for them to explore the environment.孩子独立的智能发展无可限量，它直接依赖孩子心智的力量，而不仅靠导师的工作There is no limit to the independent development of childrens intelligence. It depends directly on the strength of childrens mind, not only on the work of tutors.妈妈必须同时喂养孩子的身体和精神，且精神上的需求更重于身体的需要Mothers must feed their children both physically and mentally, and their mental needs are more important than their physical needs.作为一名保护者，父母可通过拥抱与孩子接触 As a protector, parents can reach their children by hugging.新生儿具有奇妙的自我调节能力 Neonates have wonderful self-regulation ability成人必须给幼儿提供活动的空间Adults must provide children with space for activities让儿童参与工作，能增强他们对生活环境的责任感Involving children in work can enhance their sense of responsibility for their living environment.对于新生儿，我们不仅要关心他的身心健康，还应该关心他的心理需要For newborns, we should not only care about their physical and mental health, but also their psychological needs.动作发展应该是心理高层次的表现或反映，这是修理合乎自然发展逻辑的 Action development should be a high-level expression or reflection of psychology, which is in line with the logic of natural development.假如孩子们的活动正好和他的内在需求相配合，孩子的表现会让我们他的发展所需 If childrens activities are in line with their internal needs, their performance will enable us to develop what they need.儿童是人类的创造者 Children are the creators of human beings儿童是通过努力从事活动，从而使个人得到发展的Children develop themselves through hard work.尊重孩子的发展自由，包括帮助孩子培养发展的能力 Respect for childrens freedom of development, including helping them develop their abilities新式教育理论中的中心思想之一，正是呼吁人们重视孩子社会本领的培养，并且鼓励孩子与同伴相处One of the central ideas in the new educational theory is to call on people to attach importance to the cultivation of childrens social skills and encourage children to get along with their peers.我们教育系统最大的特色是对孩子环境的重视 The greatest feature of our education system is to attach importance to childrens environment.儿童不仅在心理上是被动的，而且像一个空花瓶，是一个有待于充满及塑造的生命Children are not only psychologically passive, but also like an empty vase, a life to be filled and shaped.经过不断改善自己的动作，幼儿从独立活动中获得喜悦Through continuous improvement of their movements, children gain joy from independent activities.生命之援助，这就是教育Aid for life, that is education.当孩子被放在自然环境里，他会显示出自己的能力 When a child is placed in a natural environment, he shows his abilities.行动对生命是很重要的，教育不能策划出让生命缓和下来或压抑它的方法Action is very important to life, and education cannot devise ways to ease or suppress it.用我们的教学方法，导师教得少，但却观察得多 With our teaching methods, tutors teach less, but observe more.人类的进步和胜利全靠发自内在的力量Human progress and victory depend entirely on inner strength.虽然触觉遍布在全身的表皮上，但是我们往往给予孩子的活动却局限于的部分Although tactile sensation is pervasive on the epidermis of the whole body, the activities we often give to children are limited to parts.一个人的幼儿时期，其实就是一种不断习得能力的过程，这个周期性的刺激，将带给儿童无限的欢乐和乐趣A persons early childhood is actually a process of continuous acquisition of abilities. This periodic stimulation will bring infinite joy and pleasure to children.孩子们喜欢安静和自由选择Children like quiet and free choice.必须容许孩子选择物品，这可以让原来的发展得以持续，清除孩子尚无意识的心智之间的障碍Children must be allowed to choose objects, which can sustain their original development and remove barriers between their unconscious minds.当我们把羁绊孩子的人为事物，以及自以为是用来教导孩子规矩的暴力放置在一旁是地，我们就会看到孩子崭新的一面When we put aside the man-made things that bind our children and the violence that we think is used to teach them rules, we will see a new side of our children.孩子能独立活动时，父母可带领孩子一同认识世界 When children can move independently, parents can lead their children to know the world together.我们必须重视儿童心理发展期间的生理活动与动作We must attach importance to childrens physiological activities and actions during their psychological development.有了实际工作，宝宝的自我意识就会逐渐发展、强化 With practical work, the babys self-awareness will gradually develop and strengthen.动作是完整思考过程的最后一部分，精神的提升必须借助于活动或工作 Action is the last part of the whole process of thinking, and spiritual improvement must be achieved through activities or work.当我们探讨人类和环境的关系是，我们发现，与其说是人去适应环境，倒不如说是人创造一个环境来适应自己When we discuss the relationship between human beings and the environment, we find that it is not so much that people adapt to the environment as that they create an environment to adapt to themselves孩子对环境美丑的直觉是非常敏锐的 Children are very sensitive to the beauty and ugliness of the environment.倘若我们必须在我们为孩子布置的环境里生活一天，我相信那一定会是一个非常痛苦的经历 If we had to live a day in the environment we set up for our children, I believe it would be a very painful experience.如果不给儿童提供帮助，如果忽视他的环境，那他的精神生命将会处于持续的危险之中 If children are not provided with help and their environment is neglected, their spiritual life will be in constant danger.儿童是一个细心的观察者，他特别容易被成人的行为所吸引，进而模仿他们A child is a careful observer who is particularly attracted to adult behavior and then imitates them.任何教育的改革，必须以人为本，人自己必须成为教育的中心Any reform of education must be people-oriented and people themselves must become the centre of education.我们所谓的不干预孩子的学习尊重孩子的行动、必须在孩子本质上的发展于成熟之后才得以实行What we call non-intervention in childrens learning, respect for childrens actions, must be implemented after the childs essential development matures.没有妥善照顾的孩子，会让将来的社会得到报应，因为他可能会成为未来社会中消极的个体并构成文明社会的障碍Children who are not properly cared for will be rewarded by the future society because they may become negative individuals in the future society and constitute obstacles to a civilized society.数算练习告诉我们算术运算的原理，而不是单单的记忆和不断演算The practice of arithmetic tells us the principle of arithmetic, not just memory and continuous calculus.儿童具有秩序感Children have a sense of order人的手十分精细和复杂，它不仅使心灵得以展现，还能使人跟整个环境建立一段特殊的关系 Mans hands are very delicate and complex. They not only show his mind, but also establish a special relationship with the whole environment.我们应当把这种儿童的神秘的力量当作某种神圣的东西。因为个人未来的个性正是在这个创造性的时期被确定下来了。 We should regard the mysterious power of such children as something sacred. Because it is in this creative period that the personality of the individuals future is determined.在适宜的环境里，幼儿在工作中发展了一种技能和精确性，那是使我们十分欣慰的In a suitable environment, young children develop a skill and accuracy in their work, which is very gratifying to us.从本质上来讲，儿童的爱是单纯的，他爱，是为了获得感官印象，这种印象又给他提供了生长的养料Essentially, childrens love is simple. He loves for the sake of sensory impression, which provides him with nourishment for growth.爱不是原因，而是结果 Love is not a cause, but a result.我们应当谨记，儿童爱我们，而且还很想服从我们 We should bear in mind that children love us and are eager to obey us.尽管儿童的举止有比较大的自由，但总的说来，他们给人一种非常有纪律的印象 Although children have greater freedom in their manners, on the whole, they give the impression that they are very disciplined.对幼儿来说，妈妈的声音是具有特殊意义的参照物For young children, mothers voice is a reference of special significance.理解孩子对他们来说是莫大的希望，当你拍拍他或摸摸他的头，他们就会领会其中的善意，同时也为他们打开了爱的大门 Understanding a child is a great hope for them. When you pat him or touch his head, they will understand the goodwill and open the door to love for them.反反复复地做同一件事情，不是孩子天生就喜欢的，但是在重复的过程中，孩子熟能生巧 Repeatedly doing the same thing is not something that children naturally like, but in the process of repetition, children practice makes perfect.从出生一开始的教育，是一种对生命必要的帮助。Education from birth is a necessary help to life.孩子的精神比一般人认为的更为高尚。Childrens spirit is more noble than most people think.尊重孩子正在进行的所有合理的活动并试着了解，是我们教育方法中最首要的原则Respecting all reasonable activities that children are doing and trying to understand them are the most important principles in our educational methods.促成人类建立爱心的动力是本能，也是生命创造力的原动力It is instinct that drives human beings to build love, and it is also the motive force of life creativity.我们肩上背负的责任重在，必须小心谨慎地了解可能可能会泯灭孩子精神的原因，并要融入孩子的世界 The responsibility we shoulder is the most important. We must be careful to understand the reasons that may destroy the spirit of our children and integrate into the world of our children.我们基本的教育观念是：我们绝不能变成孩子发展的障碍Our basic educational concept is that we must not become obstacles to childrens development.和其它动物相比较，婴儿在出生以后，要有更长的一段霎时间需要别人的照顾 Compared with other animals, babies need to be cared for for for a longer period of time after birth.如果你懂得了孩子的语言，他们会与你更拉近。因为你这里有他需要的帮助，他会对你产生异样的亲切感If you know your childs language, they will be closer to you. Because you have the help he needs here, he will have a strange feeling of kindness to you.所有的儿童都有吸引文化的能力 All children have the ability to attract culture.儿童有一种特殊的敏感性，集中体现他去吸收周围的一切Children have a special sensitivity, which embodies their absorption of everything around them.听力及视力是开启心智之门Hearing and vision are the gates to the mind.儿童并非弱者，他们有足够的智慧Children are not weak, they have enough wisdom.声音、微笑和眼神，会成为彼此间的特殊沟通 Voices, smiles and eyes will become special communication between each other.我们教育体系的一个明显的特征是对儿童人格的尊重、并达到前所未有的程度 An obvious feature of our educational system is respect for childrens personality to an unprecedented degree.孩子不能从环境中得到回应，与外界互动的机会就会遭受剥夺Children are deprived of opportunities to interact with the outside world when they are unable to respond from the environment.日常生活中的家事，儿童都非常喜欢参与Children like to participate in daily housework very much.有了实际工作的经验，幼儿的自我就会逐渐发展强化 With practical work experience, childrens self will gradually develop and strengthen.在帮助孩子健全发展的过程中，最常被人忽视的，就是人性的特质孩子精神上的需要 In the process of helping children develop healthily, the most often neglected one is the character of human nature - the spiritual needs of children.协助儿童，能使你们之间建立起更亲密的关系。这胜过一般的感情，因为你不仅给他安慰，更给予了他们实际的帮助Assisting children can help build closer relationships between you. This is better than the general feeling, because you not only give him comfort, but also give them practical help.最明显的，孩子从游戏中能获得很多乐趣 Most obviously, children get a lot of fun from games.我们的教学方法只有一个，就是必须维持孩子们的高度兴趣和强烈持续的注意力 There is only one teaching method in our school. It is necessary to maintain childrens high interest and strong and sustained attention.孩子天生就能改进他们的行为，而且他们也喜欢这样。心理学家说，孩子必须游戏、因为借着游戏，孩子的发展才能更趋完善Children are born with the ability to improve their behavior, and they like it. Psychologists say that children must play games, because by playing games, childrens development can become more perfect.成人的幸福与否是与他在儿童时期所过的那种生活紧密相连Adult happiness is closely related to the kind of life he spent in childhood.孩子越能够专心，就越能从工作中得到平静，就越能发自内心地纪律或规则The more attentive a child is, the more calm he will get from his work and the more disciplined or regular he will be from his heart.要给儿童提供一个使他们得到满足的环境，必须努力了解儿童的需要To provide children with an environment in which they can be satisfied, efforts must be made to understand their needs.人的幼儿时期，足以决定一辈子的生活形态 A persons early childhood is enough to determine his lifelong lifestyle.当孩子放在自然环境的环境里，他会显示出自己的能力When a child is placed in a natural environment, he shows his abilities.如果大人真的想要帮助正在走路的小孩，就必须放弃自己的步伐及预定的目的地 If adults really want to help children walking, they have to give up their pace and destination.成人必须了解，儿童需要运用双手，并认同儿童第一次运用双手时，只是工作本能的展现Adults must understand that children need to use their hands and agree that the first time children use their hands, it is only a manifestation of work instinct.儿童首先发挥功能的是感觉器官 The sensory organ is the first organ to function in children.像所有的成人一样，幼儿也有他独立的人格Like all adults, young children have their own independent personality.孩子们喜欢安静练习与自由选择 Children like quiet practice and free choice儿童擅长在自由活动中建立规律Children are good at establishing rules in free activities所有幼儿教育必须以促进孩子的长此以往发展为目的 All early childhood education must aim at promoting childrens long-term development.若是有足够的空间，婴儿会爬行去抓取东西 If there is enough space, the baby will crawl to grab things.通过和接触，能够帮助儿童在外在世界建立安全感 Through contact, children can be helped to establish a sense of security in the outside world.语言是一种人类自发的创造，语言的发展遵循一定的规律。在人生的某一时期它会达到某种程度 Language is a kind of human spontaneous creation, and the development of language follows certain rules. At some point in life, it will reach a certain level.母亲和幼教老师所产生的爱，近乎于神。 The love generated by mothers and kindergarten teachers is close to God.人类的高贵来自于你就是你，你不是别人的复制品。Human dignity comes from being you, you are not a replica of others.反复练习是儿童的智力体操。 Repeated exercises are childrens intellectual gymnastics.儿童不会自己判断自己，他是以别人对他的态度来判断自己的。 A child does not judge himself. He judges himself by the attitude of others towards him.儿童通过自立获得身体的独立；通过自由的使用其选择能力获得意志上的独立；通过没有干扰的独立工作获得思想上的独立。Children gain physical independence through self-reliance; will independence through free use of their ability to choose; and ideological independence through independent work without interference.生命的纪律是秩序；智力的纪律是专注；行为的纪律是顺从。The discipline of life is order; the discipline of intelligence is concentration; and the discipline of behavior is obedience.成人应该敬畏儿童。Adults should fear children.只要准备一个自由的环境来配合儿童生命的发展阶段，孩子们的精神与秘密便会自发的显现出来了。As long as a free environment is prepared to match the development stage of childrens life, their spirits and secrets will emerge spontaneously.我们现在看到的最错误的想法便是以为身体活动就只是身体活动而已，以为它不具有更高层次的功能，其实，心智的发展必然和身体动作相配合，而且是相互依赖存在的。The most wrong idea we see now is to think that physical activity is merely physical activity, and that it does not have a higher level of function. In fact, the development of the m