中学生英语常见错.ppt

中学生英语常见错误例析 直接引语和间接引语 来宾市象州县象州镇初级中学洪萍 陈述句转换的误用 1 Theteachersaid Ishallcome 直接引语 Theteachersaidthatshewouldcome 间接引语 说明 当直接引语改为间接引语时 如果原句为一个陈述句 在改成间接引语时 引语的前面用that来连接 这个that在口语中可省略 2 Hesaid shalldoit 直接引语 Hesaidthathewoulddoit 间接引语 说明 直接引语改为间接引语时 原引语的人称代词 I 要按照意思改变人称 he 3 Shesaid Iambusy 直接引语 Shesaidthatsheisbusy 误 Shesaidthatshewasbusy 正 说明 如果主语的谓语是过去时 直接引语中的现在时改为间接引语时应用过去时 以使引语中的谓语与句子的主要谓语在时态上一致 4 Hesaid Ihavereadthestory 直接引语 Hesaidthathereadthestory 误 Hesaidthathehadreadthestory 正 说明 当谓语动词是现在完成时 间接引语要改为过去完成时 5 Theteachersaid Weshallreviewlessontomorrow Theteachersaidthattheywouldreviewlessontomorrow 误 Theteachersaidthattheywouldreviewlessonthenextday 正 说明 直接引语变为间接引语时 有些时间状语要作适当变化 Tomorrow要改为thenextday或thefollowingday 其它的如 Hesaid Ivisitedhimyesterday 直接引语 Hesaidthathehadvisitedhimyesterday 误 Hesaidthathehadvisitedhimthepreviousday 或thedaybefore 正 Shesaid havemethertoday 直接引语 Shesaidthathehadmethertoday 误 Shesaidthathehadmetherthatday 正 Hesaid MysisterwenttoShanghaithreedaysago 直接引语 HesaidthathissisterhadgonetoShanghaithreedaysago 误 HesaidthathissisterhadgonetoShanghaithreedaysbefore 正 Shesaid Nowitisyourturntorecite 直接引语 Shesaidnowitwasmyturntorecite 误 Shesaidthenitwasmyturntorecite 正 6 Shesaid Thisbookismine 直接引语 Shesaidthatthisbookwashers 误 Shesaidthatthatbookwashers 正 说明 直接引语中的指示代词this 在间接引语中要用that these要变为those 又如 Hesaid Thesebooksaremine 直接引语 Hesaidthatthesebookswerehis 误 Hesaidthatthosebookswerehis 正 二 疑问句及祈使句转换的误用 1 Hesaid Areyouready 直接引语 HesaidthatwasIready 误 HesaidifwasIready 误 HeaskedifIwasready 正 说明 一般疑问句变为间接引语时 不能用连词that 而要用if或whether来引导 后面的主谓语一般不颠倒 选择疑问句或反义疑问句也是这样 又如 Heasked Areyouaworkeroradoctor HeaskedmewhetherIwasaworkeroradoctor 2 Theteachersaidtohim Don tbelateagain 直接引语 Theteachersaidtohimdonotbelateagain 误 Theteacheraskedhimnottobelateagain 正 说明 直接引语如果是一个祈使句 变为间接引语时 通常用一个复合宾语表达 又如 Hesaid Geteverythingreadybeforeclass Heorderedustogeteverythingreadybeforeclass Hesaid Don tdothatagain Hetoldmenottodothatagain 3 Thestudentaskedtheteacher HowcanIstudyEnglishwell 直接引语 ThestudentaskedtheteacherthathowcanhecouldstudyEnglishwell 误 ThestudentaskedtheteacherhowcanhecouldstudyEnglishwell 正 说明 特殊疑问句改为间接引语时 用原来的疑问句来引导 不能再用连词that 因为在这种主从复合句中 疑问词when where how why等本身就起连接作用 又如 Theyasked whenwillthequestionbesolved Theyaskeduswhenthequestionwouldbesolved 练习 把直接引语改为间接引语1 Westayedtherefortwoweeks hetoldme Hetoldmethattheystayedtherefortwoweeks 2 ThismorningIsawthetracksofalostcamel saidtheArab TheArabsaidhehadseenthetracksofalostcamelthatmorning 3 Hewashereafewweeksago andhecameagainyesterday shesaid Shesaidhehadbeenthereafewweeksbefore andhegoneagainthedaybefore 4 Ireceivedtwolettersfrommyparentslastmonth hesaid Hesaidhehadreceivedtwolettersfromhisparentsthemonthbefore 5 I llbeheretonight saidLiHua LiHuasaidshewouldbetherethatnight 6 I llcomeandplaytabletenniswithyouataboutfouro clock hesaidtoher Hetoldherhewouldgoandplaytabletenniswithheratfouro clock 7 I mleavingnextweek mysistersaidtome Mysistertoldmethatshewasleavingthenextweek 8 We regoingtovisittheEastLakenextTuesday theysaid TheysaidthattheyweregoingtovisittheEastLakethenextTuesday 改错1 Heansweredthatheislisteningtome Heansweredthathewaslisteningtome 2 Theysaidthattheywereworkingontheirlessonsnow Theysaidthattheywereworkingontheirlessonsthen 3 TheysaidthatJohnisflyingakiteonthathill TheysaidthatJohnwasflyingakiteonthathill 4 Hetoldthebossthattheyarehavingarest Hetoldthebossthattheywerehavingarest 5 Theworkersaidthathehaveworkedheresince1976 Theworkersaidthathehadworkedtheresince1976 6 Hetoldhimtheyhaveknowneachotherforaboutthreeyears Hetoldhimth