AP1000术语翻译.doc

Term 术语Definitions 定义解说Active equipment 有源设备Equipment which shall perform a mechanical motion as part of its safety-related function. 作为安全相关功能的一部分，进行机械运动的设备。Aging 老化The effect of operation, environmental and system conditions on equipment during a period of time up to, but not including design basis events, or the process of simulating these events. 经过一段时间的使用，设备在环境整体影响下的变化，不包括设备本身基本设计方面的变化。Component 组件Discrete items from which the equipment is assembled. 组装成设备的离散型零件。Cutoff Frequency 截止频率；切截频率The frequency in the response spectrum where the zero period acceleration asymptote begins. This is the frequency beyond which single degree of freedom oscillators exhibit no amplification of motion, and indicates the upper limit of the frequency content of the waveform being analyzed. 频率响应谱中的零期渐近开始加速。截止频率是单个自由振荡器在没有继续提速征兆情况下的频数，代表了受分析的波形曲线的上限频率。Damping阻尼器An energy dissipation mechanism that reduces the amplification and broadens the vibratory response in the region of response. Damping is usually expressed as a percentage of critical damping. Critical damping is defined as the least amount of viscous damping that causes a single degree-of-freedom system to return to its original position without oscillation after initial disturbance. 一种耗减运动能量的装置，通过降低扩增和拓宽振动响应区域来吸能减震。阻尼器的值域通常用临界阻尼的百分比表示。在第一次受力后，来自阻尼器的阻力使振动物流刚能不作周期性振动便能最快地回到平衡职位的情况，称为临界阻尼。 Design Basis Accident (DBA)设计基准事故 Those plant conditions resulting from various postulated equipment and piping failures during which safety-related equipment shall operate without impairment of the safety- related function in a harsh environment. A design basis accident is a subset of a design basis event. 在恶劣的环境中，由于各种设备和管道的非安全设计及操作引发的工厂事故工况。设计基准事故是设计基准事变的一种。Design Basis Event (DBE) 设计基准事件Any of the events specified in the stations safety analysis that are used to establish the acceptable performance for safety-related functions: events include anticipated transients, design basis accidents, external events, and natural phenomena. 在工厂安全备注中强调的所有状况，用于建立安全功能作业的典范，包括预期瞬变、设计基准事故、外部事故和其他客观自然条件。Design Life 设计寿命The time during which satisfactory performance can be expected for a specific set of service conditions. The design life is established from applicable industry/vendor data to meet the equipment performance requirements. 产品设计时预计不失去使用功能的有效使用时间。设计寿命主要用于工业应用时对设备作业状况要求的描述。Engineered Safeguards Feature (ESF) 工程安全防护特点 A system consisting of sensors, signal processors, logic, and actuation initiation devices necessary to effect functioning of engineered safeguard features (e.g. emergency feed water containment isolation, emergency core cooling, emergency power), including essential auxiliary systems. 一整套制度规定，包括传感器、信号处理器、逻辑及驱动装置启动运作所需的工程维护功能（如应急给水遏制隔离、堆芯应急冷却、应急能源供应）和其他重要的辅助系统。Equipment 设备：An assembly or subassembly of components designed and manufactured to perform specific function(s). 为了执行特定功能而组装或装配起来的零件集合体。Flexible Equipment柔性设备：Equipment, structures and components whose lowest resonant frequency is less than the cutoff frequency on the response spectrum. 设备的一种，其结构和组成部分的最低共振频率低于截止频率的反应谱。Floor Acceleration ：楼层加速度The acceleration of a particular building floor (or equipment mounting) resulting from the motion of a given earthquake. The maximum floor acceleration is the zero period acceleration of the floor response spectrum. 由某一特定地震引发的特定楼层（或安装设备）的加速度。最高楼层加速度是地板反应谱的零期加速度。Harsh Environment ：恶劣环境An environment expected as a result of the postulated service conditions appropriate for the design basis and post-design basis accidents of the station. 在适当的假设条件下，由引发事故的设计基础和后设计基础导致的环境。Margin ：空缺The difference between service conditions and the conditions to which the equipment is qualified. 服务条件和合格设备服务条件之间的差距。Mild Environment ：和缓环境An environment expected as a result of normal service conditions and extremes (abnormal) in-service conditions where seismic is the only design basis event of consequence. 正常的服务条件和来自于抗震设计依据的极端异常的服务条件下的环境。Mission Time ：持续运行时间：The amount of time from the initiation of the Design Basis Accident (DBA) that a mechanical equipment component is required to maintain the ability to perform the required safety function. A mechanical equipment component shall maintain the ability to perform the required safety function at any time up to and including the end of its mission time. 从机械设备发生设计基准事故开始到维持必要的安全功能的过程所需要的时间总量。这一机械设备必须拥有可以在任何时间开始履行工程的安全功能，而且必须可以随时停止运转。Natural Frequency ：固有频率 The frequency(s), at which body vibrates due to its own physical characteristics (mass and stiffness) when the body is distorted in a specific direction and then released. 当物体被外力送往特定的运动方向而后自由运动时，由其自身的物理特性（重量和刚度）所决定的振动频率。Operating Basis Earthquake (OBE) ：运行基准地震An earthquake that could reasonably be expected to occur at the plant site during the operating life of the plant considering the regional and local geology and seismology and specific characteristics of local subsurface material. It is that earthquake that produces the vibratory ground motion for which those features of nuclear power plant, necessary for continued operation without undue risk to the health and safety of the public, are designed to remain functional. (For the AP1000, the OBE is taken as one-half the Safe Shutdown Earthquake.) 通过研究区域和地方地质特点，结合地震学的理论知识，可以被预计发生特定地点的地震。这样可以借助地震产生的地面运动的振动提供核电站的运转所需的能量，同时避免为社会公众的安全和健康带来不必要的风险。Pressure Boundary (PB) ：稳压器 The portion of a component that must maintain structural integrity to contain the system fluid under design pressures 一种能保持和自动调整输出电压的供电设备。Qualification ：资格 The generation and maintenance of evidence to demonstrate that the equipment shall operate on demand to meet the system performance requirements. 能满足设备的运作需求以达到系统性能要求而生成和维持的证据。Qualified Life ：资格有效期限 The period of time prior to the start of a design basis event for which the equipment was demonstrated to meet the design requirements for the specified service conditions. The determination of qualified life shall consider potential aging mechanisms resulting from significant in-service thermal, radiation, and vibration sources and the effects of operational cycling (mechanical, electrical or both). 在特定服务条件下，完成一个设计基准事件以满足相关设计要求所需要的时间。要保证合格的使用期限，必须考虑一些潜在的可能加速机器老化的因素，比如过高的热量、辐射、振动和其他外在操作的影响（如机械、电气或二者兼具）。Radiation Harsh Environment ：辐射环境Required Input Motion (RIM) ：最少输入功率The input motion in terms of acceleration, velocity and/or displacement expressed as a function of frequency that a device being tested shall withstand and still performs its intended function. 为保证设备在测试中完成承受基本指令和拓展功能，所需输入的功率，通常用加速度、速度和/或位移来表示其周率数值。Required Response Spectrum (RRS) ：要求反应谱The response spectrum issued by the user or agent as part of the equipment specifications for seismic qualification purposes. The RRS is a plot of acceleration versus frequency describing the energy content of the earthquake time history. The RRS constitutes a requirement to be met during qualification activities. 作为可以防御地震影响的设备规格的一部分，由用户或代理机构确定的反应谱。要求反应谱是加速度和频率的比值，用于描述历史地震带来的能量，确定了特定活动要求的资格。Resonant Frequency ：震谐频率A frequency at which a response peak occurs in a system subjected to forced vibration. This frequency is accompanied by a phase shift of response relative to the excitation. 系统遭遇强迫振动时产生的响应峰值的频率，该频率伴随着相对的移动而激发。Response Spectrum ：反应谱 A plot of the maximum response, as a function of oscillator frequency, of an array of single-degree-of-freedom damped oscillators subjected to the same base excitation.在给定的振荡器频率作用期间内，单质点体系的最大反应随质点自振周期变化的曲线。GLOSSARY OF TERMS (Contd) 术语表（待续）(Last Page of Front Matter) Radiation Harsh Enviroment：辐射环境An environment where equipment is required to operate above a radiation threshold of 104 rads gamma (103 rads gamma for microprocessor based equipment) but where other environmental parameters remain bounded by normal or abnormal conditions. Rigid Equipment ：刚性设备Equipment, assemblies, and components whose lowest resonant frequency is greater than the cutoff frequency on the response spectrum. 最低共振频率大于截止频率反应谱的设备、部件和组件。Safe Shutdown Earthquake (SSE) 安全停堆地震：An earthquake that is based on an evaluation of the maximum earthquake potential considering the regional and local geology and seismology and specific characteristic of local subsurface materials. It is that earthquake that produces the maximum vibratory ground motion for which certain structures, systems and components are designed to remain functional. These structures are those necessary to ensure the integrity of the reactor coolant pressure boundary; the capability to shutdown the reactor and maintain it in a safe shutdown condition; and the capability to prevent or mitigate the consequences of accidents that could result in potential off-site exposure comparable to the NRC Regulation 10 CFR Part 100 guidelines. 综合考虑区域、当地地质，并结合地震学理论和具体特点后，评判级别最高的地震。这种级别的地震会给地面带来最严重的振动，在这种情况下，需要设计特定的结构、系统和部件以保持相关设备的功能作用。从结构而言，必须确保完整的反应堆冷却剂压力边界，并且可以保证反应堆安全关机条件，以防止事故，或者最大程度减轻事故的恶果。Safety Function ：保险功能One of the processes or conditions (e.g., emergency negative insertion, post-accident heat removal, emergency core cooling, and post-accident radioactivity removal and containment isolation) essential to maintain plant parameters within acceptable limits established for a design basis event.一种程序或者条件（例如紧急负面插入，事故后余热排出，堆芯应急冷却，以及事故后放射性清除和遏制孤立），可以保证在可接受的限度内能够完成设计基准事件的工厂运作参数。Safety-Related ：安全有关的Equipment that is relied upon to remain functional during and following desig