电力专业术语英汉对照表.doc

突然损失发电机或线路：sudden loss of a generator or transmission line.8 7 : t8 o/ _7 k负荷突然增加或减少：sudden load increases or decreases2 N6 H5 - k3 s1 f h短路和开关操作：short circuits and switching operations.7 f4 E( i. H* P) j1 f. m三相和对地短路：three-phase and line-to-ground faults7 f7 M( Y 1 0 Y2 z# B/ |9 v短路器：circuit breaker* c$ I( y# s E& M) 9 N; D& t; b暂态过电压和电流：transient overvoltages and currents( J% U, u! c; g; / g5 W雷击：lightning strikes; q) , S4 T; k$ n4 i, t9 Q: 电涌放电器：surge arrester) ; z( s. W b P4 n相量：phasor，通常用复数phasors _! M9 S0 i7 n+ Z% 瞬时功率：instantaneous power; n7 ; P1 5 P特别地：In particular, T) Y0 _ w7 / F6 x0 T正弦电压或电流：A sinusoidal voltage or current at constant frequency 2 d; 2 o/ _5 d) X$ f; D3 ) e& x+ w: J; 2 e最大值：maximum value; u u5 M$ M: n6 o T1 G( t有效值：effective value0 H5 O j8 ) r: _ E. F平均值：average value( S c/ f2 E7 R& y- i! W6 X! 6 z & F5 T坐标系实轴：real axis8 S3 J$ ( r5 M: u* c+ ? T坐标系虚轴：imaginary axis/ B- D& b: u5 i6 d. v5 w; O相量图：phasor diagram for / n$ b6 _3 _: ?4 D4 ?* M H( i 2 d9 c, V; 无源元件：passive elements) R0 b a |# 1 K# P电阻、电感、电容、电抗：resistor, inductor, and capacitor, reactance,; ) O+ z/ V1 M* z& W感性、容性：inductive, capacitive$ M* Z# U# N$ Z3 D3 t有功功率：real power or active power. Q& T8 z& G. h+ V- Y无功功率：reactive power2 z2 / d* i# t/ w. t9 o功率因数：power factor/ B, C t% |1 V2 i Z6 . I功率因数角：power factor angle8 V5 A. D5 | j: r/ H( L- hA single-phase source delivers 100kW to a load operating at a power factor of 0.8 lagging.6 Z. y8 A t ?0 p* s u- P2 ; 2 q+ e# x, D物理意义：The physical significance of 9 ?$ k: x: H) T i6 p V与同相位：be in phase with j% y: c C: p+ KExample：For a purely resistive load, the current into the load is in phase with the load voltage.7 G) M% B+ P; F N x如式（2.1）所示：As indicated by (2.1), 4 Q( i# G& y N# F! b落后(超前)多少相位：The current lags（leads） the voltage by 90.! f1 g- v u1 r4 Z正弦稳态：sinusoidal-steady-state. D1 h& X% H0 P* t1 V; $ _6 N x让ab，得到：Letting a=b gives! i* D0 Y( o b& C: X1 h3 H9 I 7 z5 B按照惯例（通常）：By convention, the power factor cos(a-b) is positive.; c9 S: D0 y) W m0 k: L( w时间区间：a time interval T. Example: The total energy absorbed by a load during a time interval T.- Z; j% d1 s6 M1 p4 K: _额定值：rating. 例：额定功率power rating；发电机额定功率power rating of electric generator；额定电压：voltage rating.3 C( s L9 + i, 5 n) V. v. d0 / c& k. L基尔霍夫电流（电压）方程：Kirchhoffs current(voltage) law。 （P.48）% & r* E7 M3 P9 |/ 7 C节点方程：nodal equations& h. p3 u: I2 F5 L导纳矩阵：admittance matrix/ o5 v. 6 k4 F7 t7 W4 N) R& V+ P有N个节点电压构成的列相量：column vector of N bus voltages( 3 A5 _+ m0 o g8 J4 |$ p, h对角元素：diagonal elements! G. G. n$ U3 M- U0 r) D. Q5 K非对角元：off-diagonal elements/ ) u! 0 G5 m自导纳：self-admittance; driving-point admittance) H6 n d5 I2 q互导纳：mutual admittance; transfer admittance$ Y! G+ f 2 m, e8 o& m美国8.14大停电：The US blackout on 14 August, 20039 ?/ t. q) D+ x: S对将产生深远影响：The blackout will have huge technical and organizational consequences for the US power industry.7 Q1 O2 p+ x, Q5 b- L# s当地仅存的无功电源无法维持电压：The existing local reactive power sources were not able to support the voltages.0 K& X/ f$ V0 M1 v V) l切除线路：trip(tripped) the lines.6 F I: B t% 8 O/ v5 I2 H4 z9 IThe isolated part suffered from low voltage and a severe deficit of generation.4 I4 O5 o0 q U9 P6 y1 _% E% l: L$ 电力系统稳定是指：Power system stability refers to the ability of synchronous machines to move from one steady-state operating point following a disturbance to another steady-state operating point, without losing synchronism.& t9 p, ?* H0 J% 1 p: C9 e额定值：nominal values% F/ - _8 a! U6 - 故障类型：loss of generation, line-switching operations, faults, sudden load changes 7 X! n9 Z1 a p& x# l: t- ! G+ t c! _: u- U5 EMS=Energy Management System/ o/ g- o2 k- Y V& g p: W能量管理系统1 u/ Y& A% F8 ZDMS=Distribution Management System# * n* s. l$ 配电网络管理系统. 1 c! K; o j3 CSCADA=Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition 监管控制与数据采集（调度自动化系统）+ P5 o; ?9 O% g* 7 |: p( T2 F9 l& & A6 J- rAGC=Automatic Generation Control- o: M; Y+ z3 d) V+ A自动发电控制 z3 d# 3 B& , O# w |8 MLFC=Load Frequency Control* e1 G# I5 B* j) e W负荷频率控制 N# x / ?/ J* MEDC=Economic load Dispatching Control 经济调度负荷控制9 _+ U4 S* n7 n( X- eRTU=Remote Terminal Unit h h. L1 b- Z* d远程终端单元（远动分站）: w1 , K l+ EMMI=Men Machine Interface0 b8 F- a/ O+ q7 W1 z人机交互界面（在屏幕上进行监视与操作、控制）: s( i% 1 C, a% L5 F) v0 l; zCRT=Cathode Ray Type( ! x& E! F& R* f# R$ X阴极射线显示（显像管监视器）7 M* y2 g% v: F5 ! G0 D/ PLC=Load Control& k5 P0 h* K$ H( J$ 负荷控制6 S; L8 |4 H8 q; G1 JAM/FM=Automated Mapping and Facilities Management自动绘图与设备管理2 t Q8 W+ D4 c/ j2 c: aDSM=Demand Side Management8 d: A6 V) |- s/ q1 Q n2 U1 d y需求端管理. g9 W3 e8 % r9 W E1 C6 H X* YTOU=Time Of Use0 X+ i4 6 ! z使用时间（次数）5 f% k$ S7 K6 E9 UGEM=Generation Efficiency Management发电功效管理8 _4 y$ _4 + l- / - O8 s5 g& z, q( NMIS=Management Information System2 9 K7 M* S0 s. U8 s# H信息管理系统6 Y& |7 g+ L r- P , j& # OS=Operation System z+ K* Z6 U- ?, E操作系统: 4 l* ; u0 t/ rDTS=Dispatcher Training Simulator b; m7 x) + ) D( 调度员培训系统 L4 7 D8 i, w; h, G5 P: TEMP=Energy Management Platform: q# G5 A8 a, B: - w/ d e+ f能量管理平台2 c5 2 p/ Z# i/ B2 e0 AFAT=Factory Acceptance Test- ?3 B1 x k( C0 g! 6 H1 u8 H# i9 H工厂验收试验* Y6 j; I5 h: i! N! y0 WSAT=on Site Acceptance Test& ! Z% O G* K2 t现场验收试验8 4 T6 B5 * j6 d- ) v) p& I B. S& T3 A9 U5 MRTGEN=Real Time Generation Control( E( 8 n$ r$ 实时发电控制( B1 E % N+ k, _RTNET=Real Time NETwork state analysis实时网络状态分析1 y5 D% % m5 P; Z; H: J3 - S O( v3 bFM=Facilities Management6 M8 W% a! t! X设备管理# c- P7 N( d- UGIS=Geographic information System Y/ X w5 V Z; V+ r, M4 i地理信息系统( t5 O( m- F& h7 a& O/ S+ & |! J2 P * C- V% eIEEE=The Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers 电气电子工程学会X: t: 1 ( 8 a& FPOSIX=Portable Operating System Interface Standard Portable操作系统标准* * - f! # 5 W) MIT=Massachusetls Institute of Technology2 k- y8 b! / ) * I z麻省理技术学院4 F0 d; w1 s) f. _OSF=Open System Foundation0 b+ H2 p! b8 t ! w开放式系统基础: A& j# q/ H P; ; k% ANSI=American National Standards Institute S% ( $ : m3 U. l# l, s E北美标准协会_% X2 Z: S& i/ I( ITCP/IP=Transaction Control Protocal/ Internet Protocal 传输控制协议与互联网协议3 h& x. c4 * C0 j E- A) ESQL=Structured Query Language0 Z m5 Z6 a% Q. F结构查询语言7 X7 L; d; v$ u4 L! P; d. R, U! LAN=Local Area Network& $ 4 l* e2 G$ ( P2 W局域网络9 y , e7 v- K; A$ q. e1 8 & BEPRI=Electric Power Research Institute电力研究（科学）院6 E- S! 6 p& C, Q |: ; p, OMMI=Man-Machine Interactive Q! u9 g8 a9 U8 j5 L, x( l& S人机交互界面* N0 Y R3 W: t% x2 pMMC=Man-Machine Communication! m) H* Y2 G/ D7 d3 y) t+ e# h人机交互通讯5 J5 f$ x7 D 9 g3 V4 N4 C+ _% d* b7 ) z# e! e$ |4 qPHIGS=Programmers Hierachical Interactive Graphics System 分级式程序员交互图形系统0 8 u) u; c( w5 K/ d% lLTU=Local Terminal Unit% ?9 W2 c; W4 G+ H9 F) x负荷终端单元0 X/ m h j$ kSOE=Sequence Of Event recording 事件记录顺序记忆9 T) u4 S5 _1 J: Z; V: tPDR=Post Disturbance Review9 Y# i9 y& V% z8 e0 n提示扰动（故障）记忆6 E Y. J; J! & H2 _) 3 v6 TAFC=Automatic Frequency Control 自动频率控制2 h9 |5 3 U8 h$ t% l! hACE=Area Control Error# D3 c; / V P) z区域控制误差 ( K1 i- p, g/ G, D0 o1 j( A7 . ) t- Z& 9 W: HPLC=Plant Controler 8 5 n9 3 - T7 $ R8 E0 b4 z3 * K工厂控制( A5 T( h) H ; TBC=Tie line Bias Control$ n7 m& 4 S3 . J联络线（功率）偏差控制0 _0 9 x $ C# Y3 N5 x. n1 TCFC=Constant Frequency Control h* R |5 l. 8 O Y3 w恒定频控制 y9 I, r5 i: m$ p& x- j; u t6 4 R% P. QCNIC=Constant Net Interchange Control 既定网络交换控制8 |. Q+ G3 s& _/ 6 l2 I5 K, Q) e4 b) _8 j, hNERC=North American Electric Reliability Council 北美电力可靠性联合会) F2 g/ ( U: i3 eLDC=Load Duration Curve9 h9 G. a: a3 W负荷变化曲线+ K3 V, S! O( 9 VELDC=Equivalent Load Duration Curve 等效负荷变化曲线; z- G6 U# E3 g2 c5 rOPF=Optimal Power Flow + B$ U; W1 x7 G& R* r* m2 h最优潮流) ?. % B7 F* k H. XGRG=Generalized Reduced Gradient ; M/ b3 N* $ e J# i h# d8 n3 . S函数化简梯度( L2 Q; A# - v% 5 # w! QAVR=Automatic Voltage Regulation4 ?/ c! t. N1 c x3 B6 m自动电压调整3 n; p6 . D7 f H7 w0 X7 ( HREI=Radial Equivalent Independent REI等值（辐射状等值独立电源发）, T( j; w) H9 E8 a4 a1 m8 WZPBN=Zero Power Balance Network! & E/ d% L& z* Z/ S( & g零功率平衡网络（无交换功率网络）! E0 # ! 0 N: Z# V6 R( f8 ?FAT=Factory Acceptance Test7 , H6 h8 P+ OSAT=Site Acceptance Test- j . 6 G1 y8 ) JOMG=Object Management Group z/ P/ |, 9 a0 t: O; E( 目标管理集合6 _& # N& 8 M5 G: k8 CORBA=Common Object Request Broker Architecture公共目标请求对象体系! Q0 i# 2 N c3 a) SIDI=Interface Definition Language3 t$ D+ U+ B( k界面定义语言) C f- ?* |9 V; d& R/ Y% W* LAPI=Application Programming Interface 应用程序界面, N8 B0 j& G. VORB=Object Request Broker. a: G: f0 c- j: G目标请求对象4 b$ S+ I1 a8 s3 Y, ! w# I: P T+ c# w/ Parmature: e l# b7 s F t$ # v! 4 c. o; i电枢（电机的部件）+ D, P, k+ p8 _$ & M) E( / Afield2 |3 o8 W0 , V3 v6 F8 M3 b$ 0 L, , H/ L* g8 |. j场，范围. n% K! u9 s! pole pair4 v. X( b1 Y* W8 j2 r. k杆对, 极对( f9 z0 _3 l6 Emmf=Magnetic Motive Force / l4 : H- Q( S5 U磁动势/ L2 P, j$ ; G/ a# Y W/ 2 Nquadrature0 3 b8 u! t3 S9 I5 n* g! V90 度相移0 v! n: |& d4 o7 j! , 1 I+ Z/ L4 G6 Hdirect and quadrature axes. q) p) . I5 v+ jd和q轴8 j. 5 B4 y# N6 Y# Bmagnetic circuit! X( m5 6 b, j( X% t) k* q ?磁路, L! 3 n3 U2 fPer unit representation& j( t( o# d4 Z+ M1 l: i每个机组的表示法/ d% p1 w, l$ 7 ?Stator B P w a# r定子, 固定片6 H. W P/ r4 I3 kRotor. ? O5 n6 x& Y, ?; N! O4 U转子 p 1 4 K: y4 c+ ?( v2 C; iflux linkage: Z( P, b1 B u5 磁链4 : u: |/ W! torque) P 1 8 * Y: q4 D+ j1 M3 4 S: T9 r m7 w; a r) e0 O转矩! , i0 l! c$ j7 hphasor representation. g8 u! D; Y# b; Z; m矢量表示法,: C! 4 C T% L1 f# q5 |9 X0 Bmagnetic saturation; U% H; s3 K- X磁(性)饱和4 I4 B9 h; K* Z4 oopen circuit2 V& n l( E% y6 8 9 n电断路 q: _7 b: D$ F9 a: w; Qswing8 S* Q; b0 m/ 4 摆动、摇摆7 G: i# H* 8 r- d* ( j: Yinertia9 m8 2 s5 t/ M4 m惯性- D z( 2 |* U4 a l* f% Tconstant/ r$ N$ C4 a, r8 d; k9 常数* r4 n2 c! A: V. U, |large-scale& N1 P- Y7 S( B& _; H0 I8 c大规模的8 O3 w6 9 a6 . F( 1 N6 oamortisseur0 J6 y4 b A# 7 p# U. A5 q+ Y阻尼器% o( s; ) w 6 yreactive7 r$ U, D t, & S6 p+ e9 _: 电抗的 N# v& P# l5 n/ a* o/ O, P+ kcapability . K x; o, y8 X0 可能输出功率4 w$ y7 z4 P/ jnatural( 9 N0 L4 j, : |/ U 8 x+ |3 J+ Y( f4 v5 z; E( o固有的3 + J1 ?+ ?$ 6 l# o* y m9 s Isurge7 L6 |& I$ P# q4 y2 o: h( c. m冲花/ o% r; w: V6 ( P9 utransfer: P- y8 1 h l |- G i8 g传递,转移: c! p2 t& x* H: k& h$ F0 V8 rloadability6 C3 O4 x- 6 N- j3 5 7 z载荷能力,载荷率5 A5 1 f l, s1 % A X- M) u5 einduction motor: O& Q7 J, c- z/ d# R. m! d( G) x4 X感应电动机# n j$ z4 K2 O Csteady-state0 p7 n |0 ?4 N* V5 x- A L稳态. t# N5 t* J8 r9 K p6 vapproach2 C. + x! G* X8 W6 P. m7 q: Z2 L+ d# A- L A F) Z趋近,近似法) f R1 j. |& m- excitation+ Z & Z B# i0 e励磁! C3 m& L& J2 y; Lunderexcite/ K# q; F$ j% d3 Z. f5 v欠励磁, 励磁不足; n. z+ P; F5 s5 V1 s1 Rlimiter# J! 2 F7 q8 ; ?+ _ k3 Y限制器% m) 7 Q9 A/ o+ + j* Z Soverexcitation+ w7 x* I- p2 0 h- H3 p过激励, 超激磁( Y A: A7 8 I, Nsubtransient) ) r2 e6 * m4 u! d9 h 次暂态* v5 G6 w, v$ M J A, fphase-shifting transformer( k q$ 4 9 N+ B- x0 R移相变压器7 g; W, . w/ m9 field-shorting2 + ?0 |6 a% l$ r励磁短路4 U1 K$ g1 l. & n I iprime mover; a b& S) s原动机 Y Q7 D+ k! o: wenergy supply& $ S- d1 ) ?$ 1 P: i供电# H$ d8 5 a( t- h& x; a8 Ohydraulic turbine