2010大学四级英语真题 Translation 部分.doc

2010大学四级英语真题 Translation 部分 6月87. Because of the noise outside, Nancy had great difficulty (in)concentrating/focusing her attention on the experiment.(集中注意力在实验上）翻译：由于外面的噪音,南希很难集中()/聚焦关注实验考点：1：固定搭配 “做某事存在困难”have difficulty in doing something 2：固定短语 “集中注意力”可译为 concentrate ones attention on 或 focus ones attention on 例句：You should concentrate your attention on the road when youre driving. 开车时注意力应集中在路上. Its time for us all to get back to basics and focus your attention on what really matters. 现在是我们回到实质性问题,把注意力放到真正要紧的事情上的时候88.The manager never laughed; neither did she lose her temper/become angry before. (她也从来没有发过脾气）考点：so/neither/nor做部分倒装so/neither+be+ 主语so/neither+助动词+ 主语so/neither+情态动词+ 主语2：固定短语：“发脾气”可译为lose ones temper/become angry.89.We look forward to being invited to attend the opening ceremony.（被邀请出席开幕式）考点：固定短语 期望、希望“look forward to ”后加名词或动名词形式 开幕式：固定短语“opening ceremony90.It is suggested that the air conditioner (should)be fixed/installed next to the window.（要安装在窗户旁）考点：“安装”可以用fix 或 install 来表示。此处为被动语态句式被动语态的基本时态变化1)am/is/are+done(过去分词)一般现在时2） has/havebeendone现在完成时3）am/is/arebeingdone现在进行时3） was/weredone一般过去时5）hadbeendone过去完成时6）was/werebeingdone过去进行时7）shall/willbedone一般将来时8）should/wouldbedone过去将来时91.The 16-year-old girl decided to travel abroad on her own despite the violent/strong opposition/objection from her parents.（她父母的强烈反对）考点：despite （尽管 ）+ 句子 despite of + 短语“强烈反对violent /strong opposition/objection”2010年12月英语四级翻译真题答案解析87_(为了确保他参加会议)，I called him up in advance.解析：In order to ensure him to attend the meetingTo ensure his attendance at the meeting【结构分析】本题句子的主干 “I called him up in advance”已经给出，无需翻译，需要翻译部分为“为了确保他能参加会议”。该部分在句子中作目的状语【考点解释】本题考查是目的状语。目的状语可以由to/in order to来引导。确保 ensure sb to do 确保某人做某事，ensure sth 确保某事【原句精释】为了确保他参加会议，我已经提前给他电话了。88The significant museum_(据说建成于)about a hundred years ago.解析：is said to have been built【结构分析】本题句子的主语为the significant museum，缺谓语，即（据说建成于）about a hundred years ago为时间状语。【考点解释】本题重点考查：被动语态。主语museum与动词build之间为被动关系; 且bulid这一动作发生在过去。据说 be said to；be said to+ 动词不定式的完成时，表示不定式表示的动作已经完成。【原句精释】据说这座意义深远的博物馆大约建成于一百年前。89There would be no life on earth _ (没有地球独特的环境)。解析: without its unique environmentbut for its unique environment【结构分析】本题句子含有 There be结构。主干完整，there主语，would be 谓语，no life 表语，on earth 地点状语表达“某个地方或某个时间存在什么事物或人”的时候常用“There be + 名词+ 地点（时间）这一句型。【考点解释】本题重点考查：without的用法 without 是介词，后接名词；同时，表示“没有”，除without外，还可用but for；单词拼写 unique adj.独特；environment n.环境 当名词重复出现时，可适当使用代词，避免重复。【原句精释】没有地球独特的环境，地球上就不会有生命。90_(给游客印象最深的)was the friendliness and warmth of the local people.解析：What impressed the tourists most【结构分析】本题句子为主系表结构，主语即考查部分，was 系动词，剩余部分为表语。【考点解释】本题重点考查what引导的主语从句；what可引导句子充当主语；impress用法 给留下印象 impress sb；最高级的用法most；结合考点，可推出“给印象最深”为impress sb most He is what is generally called a traitor. 他就是人们通常所说的叛徒 【原句精释】当地人的友善与热情给游客们留下了最深的印象。91They requested that _ (我借的书还回图书馆) by next Friday.解析：books I borrowed (should) be returned to the libraryI (should) return the book I borrowed to the library【结构分析】本题句子的主干部分分别是they 主语，request 谓语，后接that引导的宾语从句。【考点解释】request的用法。request v. 要求；当request表示“要求”时，引导的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气，即（should）+ 动词原形。定语从句。“我借的书”， the book (that) I borrowed；单词的拼写。归还 return，借 borrow，图书馆 library 本题就此题提供了两个版本的答案，但在表示“规定，规则”时，被动语态更为常用。【原句精释】他们要求我在下周五之前把借的书还回图书馆。2011年6月英语四级翻译答案及解析PartVITranslation87.Theuniversityauthoritiesdidnotapprovetheregulation,nordidtheymakeanyexplanation/nordidtheygivethereasonfordoingso(也没有解释为什么).解析：本题考察了两个知识点。nor的倒装句用法，后半句表示“也不”的否定意义，注意助动词的时态与上半句保持一致；对某事做出解释的表达，考察了汉译英中动词转名词的技巧，explainexplanation，或者nordidtheygivethereasonfordoingso同样可以。88.Janeistiredofdealingwithcustomercomplaintsandwishesthatshecouldbeassigned(to)anotherjob（能被分配做另一项工作）解析：本题考察了wish从句的虚拟语气用法（cancould）和“分配某人做某事”的词组搭配，assignsb.tosth.或者assignsb.sth. 1、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中 （1）表示与现在事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式（be动词的过去式用were）”，而主句中的谓语动词用“would / should/ could / might + 动词原形”。 （2）表示与过去的事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句中的谓语动词则用“would / should / might / could + have +过去分词”。如： If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition. （3）表示与将来事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般过去时或should(were to) + 动词原形，而主句中的谓语动词则用would / should/ could might + 动词原形。如； If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off. （4）当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。如： If they had worked hard, they would be very tired.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在) 以下表格是虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中时，主句和从句谓语动词的形式： 条件状语从句 主 句与过去事实相反 had + 过去分词 should /would/could/might + have + 过去分词与现在事实相反 一般过去时(be用were) would/should/could/might + 动词原形与将来事实相反 一般过去时或should(were to) + 动词原形 Would/should/cold/might + 动词原形89.Johnrescuedthedrowningchild attheriskofhisownlife(冒着自己生命危险).解析：本题考察了“冒着的危险/风险做某事”的词组搭配，可以用attherisk/expenseofonesownlife（冒着某人的生命危险做某事）90.Georgecalledhisbossfromtheairportbutitwashisassistantwhoanswered/pickedupthephone；（接电话的却是他的助手）解析：使用强调句结构，在“接电话”的表达上，可以用pickup/answerthephone。强调句结构为itbesb.whodosth.91.Althoughhewasinterestedinphilosophy,hisfatherpersuadedhiminto/talkedhiminto（他的父亲说服他）majoringinlaw.本题考察“说服某人做某事”的表达，persuade/odoingst2011年12月87.Charity groups organized various activities to (为地震幸存者筹款) 答案：raise money for (people who survived the earthquake/ the survivors in the earthquake ) 解析：重磅阅读 考点：organize sth / sb to do sth 这里的to是连接不定式做宾语补足语 因此应该注意动词要用原形 “幸免者”即可用survivors in the earthquake 也可用定语从句people who survived （from）the earthquake 88Linda (不可能收到我的电子邮件); otherwise, she would have replied. 答案：couldnt have received my e-mail 解析： 常考考点：虚拟语气中的一种固定考法：（前面所讲） 对于过去事情作出的推断的表达方式： 1、若是十分肯定的用must have done 2、若是一般肯定的用might have done 3、若是否定的推断用couldnt have done 此处是属于第三种 而题干中“不可能收到”是关键解题点 89.Its my mother (一直在鼓励我不要灰心) when I have difficulties in my studies. 答案：who always encourages me not to lose heart / give up /dismay 解析： 考点：强调句 it is 。that /who 检验句子是否正确的方法：将it is 。that /who 去掉后便是原始的陈述句： 鼓励某人做某事：encourage sb to do sth 否定心态为encourage sb not to do sth 90.The publishing house has to (考虑这部小说的受欢迎程度). 答案：take the popularity of the fiction / novel into consideration /account 考点：固定搭配 考虑。 take 。into consideration / account 91.It is absolutely wrong to (仅仅以金钱来定义幸福). 答案： 1、define ones happiness only by how much money he has /money 2、measure ones happiness only by money / how much money one has . 考点：定义。 define 当然如果根据其句子含义翻译其 “定义”一词也可译成衡量measures 此处显示了翻译的灵活性 ，在考场上若记不起定义 define 一词 最好要灵活的使用熟悉的measure A by B 这个短语来替换 2012年6月87. Those flowers looked as if they hadnt been watered for quite a long time（好长时间没有浇水了）.与过去事实相反，过去完成时：had done被动语态：flowers与watered所以用过去完成时的被动语态had been done88. Fred bought a car last week. It is a thousand pound cheaper than mine（比我的车便宜一千英镑）.比较级：than：A+动词+形容词比较级+than+B.二者相比较，说明“A比B更一些”时要用一个连词than引导的从句。MaryishappierthanJane.玛丽比珍妮幸福。表示倍数：times+形容词比较级+thanOurroomistwicelargerthantheirs.我们的房间比他们的大二倍。89. This TV program is quite boring. We might as well listen to some music（不妨听听音乐）.固定短语：不妨用may/might as well表达90. He left his office in a hurry, with lights on and the door open（灯亮着，门开着）.with短语作伴随状语：逻辑主语表状态的介词、形容词、分词91. The famous novel is said to have been translated into many languages（已经被翻译成多种语言）.现在完成时的被动语态：have been done译成：translate into2012年12月87. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never before in my life had I felt so excited(我感到如此激动)!过去完成时： have/has donenever置于句首，句子使用部分倒装 以否定副词开头并加状语放在句首的句子要求部分倒装。这些否定副词有barely, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely when, never, no sooner than, rarely, no more, not nearly, not only等以及only。88. Yesterday Jane left the meeting early. Otherwise, she could have said something she would regret later(可能会说一些后来会懊悔的话).虚拟语气would/could have done定语从句：“后来会后悔”作定语从句修饰“她可能会说的话”89. With the noisy going on outside the classroom, I had great difficulty（in）concentrating reviewing lessons(集中注意力复习功课).短语搭配：“做.有困难”have difficulty（in）doing sth. “集中注意力做某事”concentrate on sth./doing sth.或focus/fix ones attention on sth./doing sth.90. This is the first time I hear them communicating in French听到他们用法语交流).that从句：This is the first time （that）I . That后面的从句需用现在完成时have done短语：“听到某人正在做某事”heart sb.doing 91. All the information you need to apply for your visa is freely available/available for free(可以免费获取).is为系动词，后面用形容词available小结：现在完成时 have/has done过去完成时 had done现在完成时被动语态 have/has been done过去完成时被动语态 had done固定短语搭配 虚拟语气比较级定语从句倒装09年四级真题的翻译题解析87. Soon after he trandferred to the new school , Ali found that he had _（很难跟上班里的同学）答案： difficulty (in) keeping up with his classmates / difficulty (in) catching up with his classmates 解析：本题考点非常明确，共有两个：一个是考查词组keep up with sb （跟上某人），二是考查核心短语have difficulty in doing sth （做某事是有困难的），88. If she had returned an hour earlier , Mary _（就不会被大雨淋了）答案：wouldnt have been caught by the heavy rain 解析：本题考查对虚拟语气的掌握,情态动词+完成时的结构。第二是考查对短语be caught by 的掌握，意思为“被所困”， 另外注意对雨这个概念的修饰，一定要用heavy rain 而不是big rain 。89. It is said that those who are stressed or working overtime are _（更有可能增加体重）答案：more likely to put on weight 解析：本题应该使用短语be likely to 来表示“有可能做某事”，而“减肥”的表达为put on weight ，除此之外，还要特别注意一点，就是题目中表达的是“更有可能”，注意加上more ，所以答案为more likely to put on weight . 除此之外，我们还应该掌握其相关表达，比如说lose ones weight （减肥），go on diet（节食）等。90. _（很多人所没有意识到的）is that Simon is a lover of sports , and football in particular . 答案：what many people dont realize / what a host of folks dont realize 解析：本题所考查的考点是主语从句，在复合句中充当主语成分的句子叫做主语从句.主语从句的时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制91. The study shows that the poor functioning of the human body is _（与缺乏锻炼密切相关）答案：closely linked to the lack of exercise / closely related to the lack of exercise 解析：本题的考点总的来说有两个，一是对固定搭配的考查，而是对修饰关系的考查：具体来说，be linked to = be related to （与有关）以及the lack of exercise（缺乏锻炼）两个固定搭配，87.You would not have failed if you had followed my instructions/orders。(按照我的指令去做) 【结构分析】本句的主语是You。谓语动词是would not have failed。if you had followed my instructions是if引导的条件状语从句。.if引导的条件状语从句 表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。 【要点解析】本题考查的是虚拟语气的用法。if从句的虚拟语气考查，根据语法规定，如果主句中出现would +have的形式，从句中应该采用had+过去分词的结构。“按照的指令”可表达为follow my instructions/orders。 根据主句的would not have failed 结构就可以推断这是对过去事实的虚拟，那么从句则是had+done 结构，所以答案为you had followed my instructions/orders。 【原句精译】如果你按照我的指令去做，就不会失败了。88.Despite the hardship he encountered,Mark never gave up pursuing knowledge(放弃对知识的追求) 【结构分析】 本句的主语是Mark。谓语是gave up pursuing knowledge。despite the hardship he encountered是despite引导的状语从句。 【要点解析】本题考查动词give的搭配。“放弃”可译为give up。 encounter the hardship也是非常重要的固定搭配，意为“遇到困难”。需要填写的部分应该采用过去时。“对知识的追求”可译为pursuing knowledge. 【原句精译】尽管马克遇到困难，但是他从未放弃对知识的追求。 89.Scientists agree that it will be a long time before we find the methods of curing cancers(我们找到治愈癌症的方法) 【结构分析】本句的主语是Scientists，谓语是agree，that it will be a long time是that引导的宾语从句，before we find the methods of curing cancers是before引导的时间状语从句。 【要点解析】“治愈”可译为cure，而不应译为treat，treat是“治疗”的意思。cure有疗法的意思，所以治愈癌症的方法还可以译为cure for cancer。根据句子的已知部分，可以判断出填写的部分用一般现在时 【原句精译】科学家们认为，要过很长时间才能找到治愈癌症的方法。before引导的状语从句。句型A：it+be+一段时间+before：意思是“要过很久才会”。例：The field research will take John and Mike about five months; it will be a long time before we meet them again. 实地考察要花约翰和迈克五个月的时间；他们过很久才会再见面。句型B：it was some time before：意思是“在之前过了一段时间”。