暑期英语十天语法强化培训导学案.doc

高一英语语法专项导学案专题一：名词性从句（1）【学前练习】（ ）1_ he always serves the people very well is known. A. What B. That C. Which D. Who（ ）2_ you have done might do harm to other people. A. What B. That C. Whether D. Which（ ）3I dont care _ she has no money. I care_ she is honest or not.A. ifif B. whetherwhether C. ifwhether D. whetherif（ ）4. They found at last _ they had been looking for.A. that B. what C. where D. which（ ）5. He will be here on time. But Im not sure _ he drives or takes the train.A. whether B. if C. when D. how（ ）6. The reason why he was late is _ he got up too late. A. that B. because C. as D. for（ ）7. I want to know _ the leather coat belongs to. A. who B. which C. that D. whom（ ）8. Can you tell me _ the hospital is? A. where B. who C. that D. whether （ ）9. We all know _ she will be our English teacher. A. which B. what C. that D. who（ ）10. I wish _ he would pass the examination. A. how B. whether C. when D. that（ ）11.This is _I mean. A. it B. that C. which D. what（ ）12. I asked him _he would go. A. what B. that C. whom D. if（ ）13. I know_my teacher is right. A. which B. what C. who D. that（ ）14. _he is right is evident. A. what B. whom C. That D. If（ ）15. I doubt_it will rain this afternoon. A. whether B. that C. what D. About【知识讲解】一 主语从句1that 引导主语从句时，that 没有意义，但不能省略。（that 引导宾语从句时可以省略。）It worried her a bit that her hair was turning gray. “ 她的头发正在变白，这使她很不安”。that引导主语从句，it 作形式主语，that 不能省略。That she is a rich woman is known to us all. “众所周知，她是个富有的女人”。这是that 引导主语从句，that 不能省略。这句话可以改为用it 作形式主语的句型。请同学们改写： We didnt know (that) you had sold your house. “我们不知道你已经把你的房子卖了”。这是that引导宾语从句，that 可以省略。注意这句话的时态。2从句作主语时，多数情况下由 it 作形式主语，而把主语从句放在后面，尤其是谓语部分（包括宾语）较短的情况下。It wasnt very clear what she meant. “不清楚她是什么意思”。It is important that he should come on time. “他按时来是很重要的”。It is true that that man on the left is a well-known writer here. “左边那个人是本地的一位著名作家，这是真的”。这里，第一个that 引导主语从句，是单纯的连词，无词义，不作句子成分。第二个that 是指示代词，作句子成分，是man 的定语。3whether 既可以引导主语从句也可以引导宾语从句，但if不能引导主语从句。whether 后面可以加or not, 而if 不能与or not 连用。作介词宾语时不用if.如：Whether I knew John doesnt matter. = It doesnt matter whether I knew John. “我是否认识约翰没有关系”。Whether or not shell come isnt clear. = Whether shell come or not isnt clear. = It isnt clear whether . “她是否来还不清楚”。It all depends on whether we can get their cooperation. Whether引导的是主语从句还是宾语从句？it 是形式主语吗？请翻译这句话。 I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. 宾语从句，介词宾语，不能用if 引导。请翻译这句话。 She asked me whether/if you were married. 宾语从句，既可以用whether, 又可以用if 引导。注意时态的对应。请翻译这句话。 We havent decided whether/if we shall give them aid. Im not sure whether/if the report is believable. 汉译英1 现在还很难预测谁会赢得下一届总统选举。 2 对于多数公民来说，谁当选总统无关紧要。 3 这位前总统是否会被判处死刑还有待观察。 4 真可惜，王教授不能出席我们的英语晚会。 5 我们需要的是更多的时间。 二 宾语从句在谓语动词、介词、动词不定式、分词、动名词之后都可以带有宾语从句。某些形容词如sure, happy, glad, certain, pleased 等之后也可以带有宾语从句。1. that 引导的宾语从句: that 没有意义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略例如：I really feel shes making a mistake. “我的确感到她正犯错误”。James said (that) he was feeling better. “詹姆斯说他感到好些了”。 Hearing that his son was badly wounded, he hurried to the hospital to see him. “听说儿子受了重伤，他急忙赶到医院去看望他”。 I suggested that we should go home. “我建议我们回家去”。虚拟语气，that 一般不能省略。 2whether/if “是否”引导的宾语从句：如果要突出“究竟是还是不”，常在whether 后面加or not; if 一般不与or not连用。 如： He asked me if/whether I knew John. “他问我是否认识约翰”。 Let me know whether you can come or not. “你究竟能来还是不能来，告诉我一声”。3 在think, believe, suppose, expect 等动词的宾语从句中，否定不用在从句中，而是将think 等词变为否定形式。 I dont think the film is interesting.“我觉得这部电影没什么意思”。 I dont suppose we are going outing tomorrow. “我认为我们明天不会出去郊游”。 4如果从句作宾语而后面还有补语，为了保持句子的平衡，用it 作形式宾语，而将宾语从句放在句尾。常跟这样的复合宾语的动词有：make, find, see, hear, feel, think, consider, regard, takefor granted等。如： George made it clear that he opposed this project. “乔治已明确表示他反对这个项目”。 it 代表that 引导的句子，作宾语，clear是宾语补足语。 They kept it quiet that he was dead. “对他已经死亡的消息，他们秘而不宣”。 I took it for granted that youd stay with us. “我想当然认为你会和我们呆在一起”。三 同位语从句 同位语从句是对名词的内容给予具体、详细的说明。常在后面接同位语从句的名词（通常是抽象名词）有fact, news, idea, truth, hope, suggestion, question, problem, doubt, fear, belief等。同位语从句常用的引导词为that,有时也用when, where 等疑问词。注意下面五个复合句中划线部分，并请同学们翻译全句。 The news that the United States was hit by terrorist attacks took the whole world by surprise. The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong. People used to hold the belief that the earth was the center of the universe. The difficulty lies in the fact that we are short of money. They have no idea at all where he has gone.注意：同位语从句的that 只是引导词，没有其他语法作用，在句子中不作句子成分，不能省略；而定语从句中的that 除了引导定语从句外，还是定语从句的一个成分，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可以省略。请辨别下列四个例句中that从句是同位语从句还是定语从句如：The idea that some peoples are superior to others is sheer nonsense.“有些民族优越于其他民族这种想法简直荒谬”。（ ）The idea that he proposed at the meeting is sheer nonsense. “他在会议上提出的这个想法简直荒谬”。（ ）No one is happy with the fact that he found out. “没有人对他发现的事实感到高兴”。（ ）No one is happy with the fact that he will become their boss.“没有人对他将成为他们的老板这一事实感到高兴”。（ ）【堂练】（ ）16. I have no doubt_he will help me this time. A. if B. that C. whether D. how（ ）17. _the earth is round is known to everybody. A. Then B. That C. This D. Which（ ）18. He told me the news _our team had won the game. A. about B. of C. that D. as（ ）19. It makes no difference to me_he will come or not. A. how B. why C. when D. whether（ ）20. _is unknown to me.A. Where he is B. Where is he C. He is where D. Is he where （ ）21.What is interesting is that I do not even know him.is_. A. what B. interesting C. what interesting D. I（ ）22. He came here shortly before, so I cant know _.A. he is good or not B. if he is good C. how is he D.how did he .（ ）23. _? I think he is Charles Yang.A. Who do you think he is B. Do you think who he is C. Whom do you think he is D. Who you think he is（ ）24. Do you remember where _my watch? A. had I put B. had put I C. I had put D. put I（ ）25. The old man asked Henry_England nest week.A. whether will he go B. whether would he go to C. whether he is going to D. whether he would go to（ ）26. The problem _overworking all day long impairs his health. A. is B. that C. which D. is that（ ）27. Jack asked me about myself and wanted to know_.A. what and I studied English for B. where did I study C. where had I studied D. where I had studied（ ）28. George _he could improve his test scores, but he did not have enough time to study.A. knew to B. knew how C. knew how that D. knew how to（ ）29. I wonder _is in your mind. A. what B.if C.whether D.that（ ）30. I wonder how many years ago _.A. did your father retire B. your father retired C. has your father retired D. your father has retired【课后作业】（ ）31. He said that he _there for 10 years. A. has worked B. had worked C. worked D. was working（ ）32. _was once regarded as impossible has come true. A. Who B. Which C. That D. What（ ）33. _he will come is certain. A. What B.That C. Whether D. If（ ）34. I found _strange _she had not come yet. A. itthat B. thattha C. this/ D it/（ ）35. He reason for his absence from school was_he fell ill. A. Because B. Why C. What D. That（ ）36. This is the reason _I agree to it. A. that B. why C. what D. A and B（ ）37. _ a pity that we have missed the film. A. Thats B. Its C. Whats D. Theres（ ）38. The news_he will go to London is untrue. A. which B. that C.when D.why（ ）39. The question _we will hold the sports-meet next Sunday will be decided very soon. A. that B.whether C.if D.why（ ）40. Everything depend on_we have enough time. A. if B. when C.whether D.that（ ）41. We dont know _to pay a visit to the old town. A. whether B.if C. that D.which（ ）42. We think it unwise to give a child _he or she wants. A. whichever B. whatever C. however D. Whenever（ ）43. _we should study foreign languages is clear. A. When B. Which C. Why D. What（ ）44. _I really want to say is that we should study hard. A. When B. That C. Why D. What（ ）45. We all know _she is very proud of her son. A. what B. if C. how D. Why（ ）46. We all know _she is very proud of the great progress her son has made. A. what B. if C. how D.that（ ）47. Does _matter much _he cant come to the meeting? A. it;if B. that;if C. it;whether D. this;whether（ ）48. -Would you like to do it at all? -Id love to, but the question is_it is worth doing. A. if B. whether C. when D. that（ ）49. I have no doubt _we will complete the project by the year 2000. A. when B. that C. if D. whether（ ）50. _I cant understand is_she is so interested in such matters. A. What;why B. What; that C. That;why D. That;how（ ）51._ matters most in learning English is enough practice. A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which（ ）52. _ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader. A. That B. What C. Whether D. Where（ ）53. The traditional view is _ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. A. When B. Why C. whether D. that（ ）54. Could I speak to- is in charge of International Sales , please? Aanyone Bsomeone Cwhoever Dno matter who （ ）55. You can only be sure of_ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something _ you might get in the future. A. that; what B. what; / C. which; that D. /; that（ ）56. Wheres that report? I brought it to you _you were in Mr. Blacks office yesterday. A. if B. when C. because D. before（ ）57. It is none of your business other people think about you. Believe yourself. A. how B. what C. whichD. when（ ）58. Having checked the doors were closed , and _ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom. A. why B. that C. when D. where （ ）59. Choosing the right dictionary depends on _ you want to use it for. A. whatB. why C. how D. whether（ ）60. parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children. A. That B. Which C. What D. As（ ）61. By improving reading skills, you can read faster and understand more of you read Athat Bwhat Cwhich Dwhether（ ）62. The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make _ it is . A. what B. which C. how D. where（ ）63. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? Thats _ the best jobs are. A. where B. what C. when D. why （ ）64. The thought of going back home was kept him happy while he was working abroad Athat Ball that Call what Dwhich（ ）65. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _ sight matters more than hearing. A. when B. whose C. which D. where（ ）66. Pop music is such an important part of society _ it has even influenced our language. A. as B. that C. which D. where（ ）67. A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to do. A. how B. after C. what D. when（ ）68. Excuse me ,would you please tell me _? Awhen the sports meet will be taken place Bwhen was the sports meet going to be held Cwhen is the sports meet to begin Dwhen the sports meet is to take place （ ）69. I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full. A. it B. that C. these D. them（ ）70. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. A. why B. where C. what D. how【阅读理解】 AEarly one morning, more than a hundred years ago, an American inventor called Elias Howe finally fell asleep. He had been working all night on the design of a sewing machine but he had run into a very difficult problem: It seemed impossible to get the thread to run smoothly around the needle.Though he was tired, Howe slept badly. He turned and turned. Then he had a dream. He dreamt that he had been caught by terrible savages whose king wanted to kill him and eat him unless he could build a perfect sewing machine. When he tried to do so, Howe ran into the same problem as before. The thread kept getting caught around the needle. The king flew into the cage and ordered his soldiers to kill Howe. They came up towards him with their spears raised. But suddenly the inventor noticed something. There was a hole in the tip of each spear. The inventor awoke from the dream, realizing that he had just found the answer to the problem. Instead of trying to get the thread to run around the needle, he should make it run through a small hole in the center of the needle. This was the simple idea that finally made Howe design and build the first really practised sewing machine.Elias Howe was not the only one in finding the answer to his problem in this way.Thomas Edison, the inventor of the electric light, said his best ideas came into him in dreams. So did the great physicist Albert Einstein. Charlotte Bronte also drew in her dreams in writing Jane Eyre.To know the value of dreams, you have to understand what happens when you are asleep. Even then, a part of your mind is still working. This unconscious(无意识的), but still active part understands your experiences and goes to work on the problems you have had during the day. It stores all sorts of information that you may have forgotten or never have really noticed. It is only when you fall asleep that this part of the brain can send messages to the part you use when you are awake. However, the unconscious part acts in a special way. It uses strange images which the conscious part may not understand at first. This is why dreams are sometimes called “secret messages to ourselves”.（ ）1.According to the passage, Elias Howe was_.A. the first person we know of who solved problems in his sleepB. much more hard-working than other inventorsC. the first person to design a sewing machine that really workedD. the only person at the time who knew the value of dreams（ ）2.The problem Howe was trying to solve was_.A. what kind of thread to useB. how to design a needle which would not breakC. where to put the needleD. how to prevent the thread from getting caught around the needle（ ）3.Thomas Edison is spoken of because_.A. he also tried to invent a sewing machineB. he got some of his ideas from dreamsC. he was one of Howes best friendsD. he also had difficulty in falling asleep（ ）4.Dreams are sometimes called“secret messages to ourselves” because_.A. strange images are used to communicate ideasB. images which have no meaning are usedC. we can never understand the real meaningD. only specially trained people can understand them专题一：名词性从句（2）【堂前复习检测】（ ）71We know little about the young lady except _ you told me. A. whatB. thatC. howD. 不填（ ）72. I think Father would like to know _ Ive been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note. A. which B. why C. what D. how（ ）73_ we cant get seems better than _ we have. A. What; whatB. What; that C. That; thatD. That; what（ ）74The reason _ she gave for not being present was _ the heavy snow prevented her coming. A. /; because B. why; becauseC. / ; thatD. why; whether（ ）75_ breaks the law should be punished. A. No matter who B. Whoever C. All D. Who（ ）76These photographs will show you _. A. what our village looks like B. what does our vill