初中英语阅读与备考.ppt

初中英语阅读与备考 三个 纲性 课程标准 教科书 教材 考试 语言技能 语言知识 情感态度 学习策略 文化意识素养 新课标的总体目标 综合语言运用能力 面向全体学生 注重素质教育 整体设计目标 体现灵活开放 突出学生主体 尊重个体差异 采用活动途径 倡导体验参与 注重过程性评价 促进学生发展 开发课程资源 拓展学用渠道 课程标准的基本理念 英语课程标准 与 英语教学大纲 标准 培养学生的综合语言运用能力 综合语言运用能力的形成建立在学生语言技能 语言知识 情感态度 学习策略和文化意识等素养整体的发展 大纲 由单纯传授知识向提高学生全面素质的方向转变 教学目标 课标 面向全体学生 为学生全面发展和终身发展奠定基础 关注学生的情感 营造民主 和谐的教学氛围 倡导 任务型 的教学途径 培养学生综合语言运用能力 加强对学生学习策略的指导 为学生终身学习奠定基础 拓展学生的文化视野 发展学生跨文化交际的意识和能力 利用现代教育技术 拓宽学生学习和运用英语的渠道 组织生动活泼的课外活动 促进学生的英语学习 不断更新知识结构 适应现代社会发展对英语课程的要求 教学要求 大纲 由单一 封闭型向灵活 开放型转化 课标 对每一阶段 级别 提出了较细化的易操作的细目 如 五级读的要求 能根据上下文和构词法推断 理解生词的含义 能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系 能找出文章中的主题 理解故事的情节 预测故事情节的发展和结局 能利用字典等工具书进行学习 除教材外 课堂阅读量应累计达到15万词以上 语言技能内容 大纲 对听 说 读 写提出较笼统的要求 其他 如语言知识 功能意念项目表等 准确认识 学业水平考试 的变化和导向 考试名称 初中毕业 升学考试 初中毕业考试是衡量初中学生学业是否达到教学大纲规定的毕业要求的水平考试 升学考试是以初中毕业生为对象的 普通高中 中等职业技术学校 综合高中等高中段各类学校招收合格新生的选拔性考试 初中毕业生学业考试 初中毕业生学业考试是义务教育阶段的终结性考试 目的是全面 准确地反映初中毕业学生在学科学习目标方面所达到的水平 考试结果既是衡量学生学业的主要依据 也是高中阶段学校招生的重要依据之一 选拔与甄别 学业评价 考试方式 试题难度分布 考试目标 一初中学业考试阅读的命题 Understandingawrittentextmeansextractingtherequiredinformationfromitasefficientlyaspossible Whatisreading Readingisafluentprocessofreaderscombininginformationfromatextandtheirownbackgroundtobuildmeaning Therearetwomainreasonsforreading Readingforpleasure Readingforinformation inordertofindoutsomethingorinordertodosomethingwiththeinformationyouget Whydoweread FrancoinseGrette Readinginvolvesavarietyofskills Themainonesarelistedbelow fromJohnMunby sCommunicativeSyllabusDesign Recognizingthescriptofalanguage Deducingthemeaninganduseofunfamiliarlexicalitems Understandingexplicitlystatedinformation Understandinginformationwhennotexplicitlystated Understandingconceptualmeaning Understandingthecommunicativevaule function ofsentencesandutterances Understandingrelationswithinthesentence Understandingrelationsbetweenthepartsofatextthroughlexicalcohesiondevices Understandingcohesionbetweenpartsofatextthroughgrammaticalcohesiondevices Interpretingtextbygoingoutsideit Recognizingindicatorsindiscourse Identifyingthemainpointorimportantinformationinapieceofdiscourse Distinguishingthemainideafromsupportingdetails Readingskills Extractingsalientpointstosummarize thetext anideaetc Selectiveextractionofrelevantpointsfromatext Basicreferenceskills Skimming Scanningtolocatespecificallyrequiredinformation Transcodinginformationtodiagrammaticdisplay Readingskills Inordertodeveloptheseskills severaltypesofexercisescanbeused Thesequestion typescanhavetwodifferentfunctions 1Toclarifytheorganizationofthepassage 2Toclarifythecontentsofthepassage 1Toclarifytheorganizationofthepassage Thequestionscanbeabout thefunctionofthepassage thegeneralorganization e g argumentative therhetoricalorganization e g contrast comparison thecohesivedevices e g link words 2Toclarifythecontentsofthepassage Thequestionscanbeabout plainfact directreference impliedfact inference deducedmeaning supposition evaluation 评估 evaluation 综合 synthesis 分析 analysis 运用 application 理解 comprehension 认识 knowledge 高 低 Bloom 字面类 Literal 事实类 Factual B 推断类 Inferential 解释类 C 应用类 Applied 阅读理解是人们对书面信息进行认知并且已构建深层理解的心理过程 阅读不是一字不漏地处理文字符号 而是通过推测 选择 验证等一系列步骤对信息进行重新加工 根据句法和上下文关系进行预测 利用原句中最少的文字信息获得最多的逻辑理解 王三立 教与学 05 4 阅读理解主要考查学生对书面信息的理解能力 特别是获取信息的能力 3 充分考虑学生的实际生活 尽可能提供语义相对完整的语境和尽可能选用真实 地道和典型的当代英语素材 原则 1 根据课程标准五级的基本要求来确定考试内容 不与任何教材的具体内容相联系 2 着重考查考生在具体情景中运用所学英语知识与技能的综合语言运用能力 特别是用英语做事的能力 常见题型 1 主旨概括题 2 细节理解题 3 词义猜测题 4 指代判断题 5 归纳推理题 6 作者态度 意图等 题材 涉及科技 新闻 教育 环保 幽默故事 应用文等 语言应原汁原味 富有时代气息 阅读材料的词数 主旨大意题 Thebesttitleofthispassagecould would be Thetopicsentenceofthepassageis Themainpurposeofthepassageis Thewriterinthetextmainlytellsus Thepassageismainlyaimedto Paragraph1mainlytellsus Whatisthepassagemainlyabout Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext Whichofthefollowingsentencecanbestdescribethemainideaofthepassage WeWantYou WANTED Doyouwantabusyandexcitingjob Areyougoodattalkingwithpeople Doyouliketowritestories DoyouwanttoworkforaTVstation Ifyouransweris Yes thenwewantyouasa an PleasecallJohnat4223 6577 06台州卷 阅读A 46 Theyarelookingfor ateacherB areporterC anactorD adriver47 Wherecanwereadthistext Inapicture B Inadictionary C Inanewspaper D Inastorybook 06台州卷A 48 Whoseschoolreportisthis Victoria s B JennyJones C MrsBrown s D Wedon tknow 49 WhichsubjectofthefollowingwasJennybestat Maths B Chinese C English D Science 50 HowdidJennydoinsports A Verywell B Withproblems C Alittleweak D Notinterestedatall BWhenKylewalkedintoErnie sPetWorld helookedveryanxious Theshopowner Ernie jumpedoutofhisseattogreetKyle Hewastheshop sfirstcustomer oftheday Goodmorning sir Erniesaid WhatcanIhelpyouwith Well I Kylestartedtosay Wait don ttellme Erniestoppedhim You relookingfora alittledog foryourdaughter sbirthday Right Notreally Ijust Erniedidn tlethimfinish Ah I vegotit Youjustmovedtoanewhouse andyouwantsomefishforit Ihavesomeverynicefishbowlsoverhere Infact I Kylewasstartingtolookverynervousandstrange Nofish Ah acat Youlooklikeacatperson AtErnie sPetWorld wehavethebestcats Takealookatthislovelyonewithlong whitehair She slookingatyou She sthinking Takemehome Takemehome Wouldyoulikesomecatfoodandtoys too No thankyou Kylesaid Bythistime hewaswalkingupanddown Hehadaterriblelookonhisface Really I mnotinterestedincatsorfishorlittledogs Whatdoyouwant then Ernieasked Kylelookedlikehewasgoingtocry IjustwanttoknowifIcanuseyourtoilet hesaidatlast 51 WhichisTRUEaboutErnie sPetWorld A Ithasmanyworkers B Kylegoesthereoften C Itsellsschoolthings D Ernieistheowneroftheshop 52 WhatkindofpersonisErnie A Verylazy B Rathershy C Overwarm hearted D Notfriendly 53 KylewentintotheErnie sPetWorldto A buyalittledogB takefishhomeC meettheshopownerD lookforawashroom 54 Whatdoestheunderlinedword anxious meaninChinese 焦急的B 兴奋的C 生气的D 失望的55 Whatisthebesttitle ofthestory KyleandErnieB PetorToiletC APetLoverD ABusyPetShop CMaybeyouknowfloods droughts earthquakes sandstormsandsoon Buthaveyoueverheardoftyphoons Typhoonsaresomeoftheworststorms usuallyaroundthePacificOcean andtheSouthChinaSea MosthappeninJuly AugustandSeptember Howdoesatyphoonhappen Whenlotsofseawatergetshotinthesummersun itevaporates intotheair Thismakestheairhotter Whentheairgetswarmenough itstartstomovehigherupintothesky Then coolerairarounditrushesin Itfillsthespacethatisleft Aftertheairgetswarmer itstartstomovequickly makingwind Thewindgoesincircles anditkeepsmovinghigherinthesky Thewarmertheairgets thequickerthewindmoves Andwhenthewindmovesfasterthan30metersasecond atyphoonbegins Atyphoonhastwoparts Oneiscalledthe eye Intheeye thewinddoesnotmovesofast Theotherpartisthewallofcloudsaroundtheeye Thisiswherethestrongestwindsandhardestrainsare Typhoonsareverydangerous In2004 TyphoonYunnakilled164peopleinZhejiang and24peopleweremissing InMay2006 TyphoonPearlhitGuangdongandFujian andthousandsofhousesweredamaged Whattodowhenatyphoonhits Stayinside Closeallthewindowsandstayawayfromthem Trytobringallofyourthingsinside Strongwindscouldevenblowawayyourbikes ListentotheradioorTVforimportantinformation Ifyou retoldtogotoasaferplace dosorightaway 56 Typhoonsoftenhappen inthehotseasonB inthecoldseasonC onlyinChinaD underthesea57 Whichpicturecantellthemeaningoftheunderlinedsentences Then coolerairarounditrushesin Itfillsthespacethatisleft A B C D 58 Whenatyphooncomes wecannot A closeallthewindowsB listentotyphoonnewsC stayoutsidewithyourbikeD stayinsidethestronghouse59 Thispassageismainlyabout A theknowledgeoftyphoonB theeyeofatyphoonC themostdangeroustyphoonYunnaD thenamesoftyphoon60 WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage A Thewarmertheairgets theslowerthewindmoves B ThisyearTyphoonPearlkilled164peopleinZhejiang C Thestrongestwindsandhardestrainsareintheeyeoftyphoon D Atyphoonwillhappenwhenthewindgoesfasterthan30metersasecond 任务型阅读 共5小题 每小题1分 满分5分 同学们即将升入高中学习 请你根据以下五位同学的兴趣爱好 帮助他们选定各自感兴趣的高中选修课程 并将选修课的序号 A E 分别填入答题卷的相应空格 完形填空 Didyoueverhearthisoldsaying Themoonismadeofgreencheese People1thisuntilabout1969 Thenthefirstexplorerslandedonthemoon Welearneddifferentthingsaboutthemoon ssurfacethen 2 wefounditwashardandrough Ithasmanycraters 火山口 ThemoonisEarth sonlynatural3 Itsdiameterisroughlyone fourththatofEarth Itsgravityismuchless Astronautsonthemoon ssurfacebouncedratherthan4 ThemooncirclesEarthontheaverageofonceevery29days ItsorbitroundEarthisnotcircular itismoreofanoval Sothemoon sdistancefromEarthcan5quiteabit Sometimesitisabout250 000milesfromEarth Othertimesitisonly220 000milesaway ThebacksideofthemoonalwaysfacesawayfromEarth Butthisdoesnotmeanitisalwaysdark Themoongetsitslightfromthesun justlike6inoursolarsystem Eclipses 月食 ofthemoonarefairlycommon ThesehappenwhenEarthcomes7thesunandthemoon Thensomeorallofthemoon slightisblocked Usuallyweseeonefullmoonamonth Certaintypesoffullmoonshavespecificnames TheHarvestMoon forinstance isthemoonnearestthefallequinox aboutSeptember22 Forseveraldaysafterit themoon8soonaftersunset Thisprovidesextrahoursoflighttofarmers9theircrops TheHunter sMoonisthenextfullmoonafterthat ThelightthenisprettysimilartoHarvestMoonlight ABlueMoonisnotreallyblue Itisthenamegiventothesecondfullmooninamonth Sometimestwoorthreeyeaspass10wegetaBlueMoon A usedtosayB wereusedtosayC wereusedtosayingD usedtosaying2 A AsaresultB What smoreC ForinstanceD However3 A satelliteB planetC cometD atmosphere4 A walkB jumpC walkedD jumped5 A differentB similarC variousD vary6 A somethingelseB everythingelseC everyotherthingsD someotherthings7 A betweenB amongC inD to8 A raisesB risesC increasesD floats9 A harvestB harvestingC harvestedD toharvest10 A afterB untilC whenD before Forme Christmasalwaysbeganinthemiddleofthecold windymonthofNovember MysisterAliceandIsatdowninfrontofthefireandwrotea31toFatherChristmas tellinghimaboutallthepresentswe32 Wecarefullypostedtheletterto FatherChristmas theNorthPole ChristmasEvecame Thewholefamilyhelpedto33thehouse putuptheChristmastreeandblowuptheballoons Then intheafternoon whenAuntKateandmytwocousinsarrived 34wasready Beforewewenttobed weleftsomewineandmeatforFatherChristmasandthenputour35attheendofourbeds Wetriedtokeep36aslongaspossibletoseeFatherChristmas butthenextthingweknewitwas37 Christmasmorning Wecouldn twaitto38thestocking Itwasnowfullofallkindsofsmallpresentsandsweets Christmasmorningwasbrightandsunny Aftergoingtochurch mycousinDavidandIwentoutintothegardento39ournewpresents Lunchwasalwayslate butwhatalunch Deliciousturkeywithallthevegetablesfollowedbyfruitsandicecreams 40lunch Father MotherandAuntrestedonthesofasinfrontoftheQueen sspeech onTV Wetookoutthetoys putonthefunnypaperhats laughedatthejokesandplayed41 Thencametheafternoonteaandalarge42cakecoveredwithsnowmen Itdidn tseempossible 43westillwentoneating Bybedtimeallofuschildrenwerevery44 AssoonasMom45thelight weallfellintoadeepsleep 通读下面短文 掌握其大意 然后从31 45各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳选项 Forme Christmasalwaysbeganinthemiddleofthecold windymonthofNovember MysisterAliceandIsatdowninfrontofthefireandwrotea31toFatherChristmas tellinghimaboutallthepresentswe32 Wecarefullypostedtheletterto FatherChristmas theNorthPole 31 A cardB letterC diaryD composition32 A wantedB carriedC soldD borrowed ChristmasEvecame Thewholefamilyhelpedto33thehouse putuptheChristmastreeandblowuptheballoons Then intheafternoon whenAuntKateandmytwocousinsarrived 34wasready Beforewewenttobed weleftsomewineandmeatforFatherChristmasandthenputour35attheendofourbeds Wetriedtokeep36aslongaspossibletoseeFatherChristmas butthenextthingweknewitwas37 Christmasmorning 33 A repairB buildC chooseD decorate34 A somethingB nothingC everythingD anything35 A shoesB trousersC jacketsD stockings36 A awakeB asleepC aloneD away37 A morningB afternoonC eveningD night Wecouldn twaitto38thestocking Itwasnowfullofallkindsofsmallpresentsandsweets Christmasmorningwasbrightandsunny Aftergoingtochurch mycousinDavidandIwentoutintothegardento39ournewpresents Lunchwasalwayslate butwhatalunch Deliciousturkeywithallthevegetablesfollowedbyfruitsandicecreams 38 A washB changeC openD hang39 A handinB playwithC throwawayD passon 40lunch Father MotherandAuntrestedonthesofasinfrontoftheQueen sspeech onTV Wetookoutthetoys putonthefunnypaperhats laughedatthejokesandplayed41 Thencametheafternoonteaandalarge42cakecoveredwithsnowmen Itdidn tseempossible 43westillwentoneating Bybedtimeallofuschildrenwerevery44 AssoonasMom45thelight weallfellintoadeepsleep 40 A BeforeB AfterC DuringD At41 A happilyB carefullyC silentlyD slowly42 A birthdayB NewYearC ChristmasD Thanksgiving43 A butB soC orD and44 A hungryB tiredC excitedD surprised45 A turnedonB turnedbackC turnedupD turnedoff 初中阅读教学 Readforsurfacemeaning 阅读的几个层面 Readfordeepmeaning Readforpleasure Readfordevelo