定语从句考点归纳最后总复习总结精华版.ppt

定语从句考点归纳 2 如何判断介词 3whose的使用 4as的使用 1 that与which 6定语从句中的动词的数 5when where why与that which的区分 考点 that和which的选择 1 that指物时一般可以与which互换 但在下列情况引导词只用that 不用which 当先行词为all much little few none something anything everything nothing等不定代词时 如 a Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone b Iamsureshehassomething that youcanborrow c Thereislittle that theenemycandobesidessurrender 先行词被all every no some any little much修饰时 I vereadallthebooks that yougaveme 考点 that和which的选择 先行词是序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 Thisisthebestbook that I veeverread Thisisthefirstcomposition that hehaswritteninEnglish 先行词被theonly thevery thelast修饰时 Thatwhitefloweristheonlyone that Ireallylike Thisistheverybook that Iwanttofind 当有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时 这个定语从句要用that而不用who whom 和which引导 如 Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools that hehadvisited 先行词是疑问词who which what时 定语从句用that而不用who whom 和which引导 考点 that和which的选择 Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate Whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesnotknowthis Whatthatisonthetablebelongstome 当关系代词在从句中作表语时 Maryisnolongerthegirl that sheusedtobe Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatitusedtobe Which可以引导非限定性定语从句 可用于介词后 其先行词可是一个词 也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分 1Sheheardaterriblenoise broughtherheartintohermouth A itB whichC thisD that2 Theweatherturnedouttobegood wasmorethanwecouldexpect A whatB whichC thatD it 考点 that和which的选择 2 只用which的情况 B B 1 that与which 1 Nothing canbedonehasbeendone 2 Doyouhaveanything youdon tunderstand 先行词是everything nothing anything something much little none等不定代词 引导定语从句用that that that 1 ThisisthebestTV ismadeinChina 2 Thefirstmuseum hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum that that 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时 引导定语从句用that 1 that与which I vereadallthebooks youlentme that 先行词被any some no much few little every all very only last修饰时 引导定语从句用that 1 that与which 1 Thefamouswriterandhisworks theradiobroadcasthavearousedgreatinterestamongthestudents 2 Avictimisaperson animalorthing sufferspain death harm etc 先行词中既有人又有事物时 引导定语从句用that that that 1 that与which 1 Who youhaveeverseencandoitbetter Who做先行词时 引导定语从句用that that 1 that与which 1 Herbag in sheputallhermoney hasbeenstolen 2 Thisistheringon shespent1000dollars 3 XiaoWang with Iwenttotheconcert enjoyitverymuch which which whom 在介词后面 指事物用which 指人用whom 1 that与which 4 非限制性定与从句中 要表示先行词的一部分时 可用 数词 代词 of 关系代词 的结构 如 e g Thereare50studentsinourclass two thirdsofwhomhavebeentoBeijing 5 Whose从句可转换为 of 关系代词 型 如 e g Theyliveinahouse whosedooropenstothesouth Theylivedinahouse ofwhichthedooropenstothesouth Theylivedinahouse thedoorofwhichopentothesouth 考点 关系代词前介词的确定 关系副词when where why可以用适当的介词 which来替代 如 when in on at which where in on at which why for which介词的位置非常灵活 有时放在关系代词之前 有时放在动词之后 eg 1 Iwon tforgetthedatewhen onwhich Iwasborn 2 Thisistheroomwhere inwhich Ilived ThisistheroomwhichIlivedin 3 Idon tknowthereasonwhy forwhich hehaven tcometoday 4 Tomstillremembersthedayswhen inwhich theylivedinTianjin 考点 关系代词前介词的确定 思考 是否所有的介词 关系代词都能用关系副词代替 Thepainting Ilooked waspaintedbyme atwhich Thebook Iheard waswrittentwentyyearsago aboutwhich Thepen shewrotethatbook cannowbeseeninamuseum withwhich Kunmingisabeautifulplace flowersareseenalltheyearround where inwhich Iwillneverforgottheday Ifirstmetyouontheship onwhich when duringwhich Thefilm Ifellasleep wasveryboring 结论 只有当介词 关系代词充当地点状语 时间状语或原因状语时 才能用关系副词代替 1 看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配 Thisisthebook whichyouasked 注意 动词短语不能拆开即介词不能提前 for TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter 如何判断介词 2 看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配 Hereferredmetosomereferencebooks whichIamnotveryfamiliar with 如何判断介词 3 根据先行词判断 所用的介词与先行词搭配 Thisisourclassroom whichthereisateacher sdesk inthefrontof 如何判断介词 whose引导的定语从句 表示所属关系 Theriver banksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea whose 3Whose的使用 Thereareinthisclass20students aredifferent A whosebackgroundsB ThebackgroundsofwhomC ofwhomthebackgroundsD thebackgroundsofwhose Whose的使用 考点 as与which引导的定语从句 对这两个词作如下归纳 1 如果定语放主句后 即引用as也可以用which Hefailedtotheexam as which isnatural Sheseemsascientist as which infactsheis Grammarisnotadeadrule which as Ihavesaidbefore 2 如果从句在主句前 这时要用as而不用which引导定语从句 如 Asweallknow hisparentswerekilledinthewar Asweallknow theearthisround 3 用于thesame as such as as as so as 中 一般用as e g Suchbooksasyoutellmeareinteresting ThisisthesamebookasIlentyouyesterday 4 as代表前面主句意思时 有 正如 之意 而which没有此意思 从句中的动词常是expect know see think want suppose等 Hewonthematch aswehadexpected Heagreedtotheplan aswastobeexpected Thepolicewerelookingforhim ashethought 考点 as与which引导的定语从句 Hereissobigastoneasnomancanlift 5 as在从句中作主语时 后面常接行为动词的被动语态 如beknown besaid bereported等 如从句中行为动词是主动语态 一般要用which作主语 e g Shehasbeenlateagain aswasexpected Tomhasmadegreatprogress whichmadeushappy 6 如果从句的内容对主句内容起着消极作用 或者说导致的结果 则用which a Hecheatedhisfriendofmachmoney whichwasverydisgraceful b Hecamebacklate whichmadehismotherworried 考点 as与which引导的定语从句 Theearthisround weallknow isknowntoall theearthisround isknowntoallthattheearthisround as As It 4as的使用 ThisisthesamebookasIlost ThisisthesamebookthatIlost 这本书和我丢的那本一模一样 这本书就是我丢的那本 as的使用 Thisissuchaninterestingbook wealllike Thisissointerestingabook wealllike as as 这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书 定语从句 as的使用 Thisissuchaninterestingbook wealllikeit Thisissointerestingabook wealllikeit that that 这本书如此有趣 大家都喜欢 结果状语从句 as的使用 1 Itisveryusefultomasteraforeignlanguage hasbeensaidbefore which 2 everyonehoped Maryhaswonthefirstprize As as的使用 1 wasnatural hemarriedJenny A WhichB ThatC ThisD As2 Suchsigns weuseintheexperiment Greekletters A as areB as isC that areD that is3 Ipassedhimalargeglassofwhisky hedrankimmediately A thatB asC whichD who4 Sheisverygoodatdance everybodyknows A thatB whichC whoD as5 Itwasraining wasapity A whatB thatC thewhichD which6 hasbeensaidabove grammarisasetofdeadrules A WhichB WhatC ThatD As7 Wedothesamework theydo A whichB asC thanD like D A C D D D B 8 Theearthisround weallknow A thatB whichC whoD as 结论 as which均可以引出非限制性定语从句 如都指前一句话的意思 二者可以互换 as引导的从句可以放在句首 as本身有 正如 正象 一类的含义 与之连用的词有know see expect announce pointout等 此外 在thesame as such as 中as引导的是限制性定语从句 D 考点 如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词 1 找出定语从句中是否主语和宾语都齐全 如齐全用关系副词 用什么关系副词看先行词 Iwillneverforgetthedays Istayedwithyou when JurassicParkisaboutapark averyrichmankeepsdifferentKindsofdinosaurs where 1958wastheyear Spielbergmadehisfirstrealfilm Pleasegivemethereason youmadesuchagreatsuccess when why Morningisthebesttime youpractisereadingaloud when Doyourememberthelake youfirstmetyourgirlfriend where 2 如定语从句中缺宾语 确定定语从句的谓语动词是不是及物动词 如是 用关系代词 如不是 用关系副词 考点 如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词 Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse thegreatwriterusedtolive where inwhich Thehouse theybuiltin1987 stayedupintheearthquake whichthat Luckilynoneofthepeople Iknow werekilledintheearthquake whowhomthat Myfatherwasbornintheyear theSecondWorldWarbrokeout inwhich when 3 如定语从句中谓语结构是被动结构 有主语 则用关系副词 Kunmingisabeautifulplace flowersareseenalltheyearround where October1stistheday newChinawasfounded when Thewindow wasopenedthismorning hasbeenbroken Whichthat Themeeting willbeheldnextweek isveryimportant Whichthat 考点 如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词 5when where why与that which的区分 I llneverforgettheday wefirstmetinthepark I llneverforgetthetime Ispentwithyou I llneverforgetthetime wasspentwithyou Thisisthemuseum Ivisitedlastyear when which that which that which that 5when where why与that which的区分 Thisisthereason forwhich Ididn tcomehere Thereason shegavewasnottrue why that which that 指时间 地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语 用which或that引导定语从句 1A Isthisthefactory youvisitedlastyear B Isthisfactory youvisitedlastyear a thatb wherec inwhichd theone2 A MrSmithisoneofthoseforeignerswho workinginChina B MrSmithistheonlyoneofthoseforeignerswho workinginChina a isb hasc haved are3 A Don tdiscussquestionssuch those B Let sdiscussonlythequestions weareinterestedin a whichb thatc asd aboutwhich4 A All Ineedisagoodrest a Whatb AllwhatB Ineedisagoodrest c thatd Which a d d a c b c a 5 A Pisaisacity hasaleaningtower B Pisaisacity thereisaleaningtower a whichb thatc whered there6 A Thisistheplace wevisitedlastyear B Thistheplace weworkedlastyear a whichb wherec inthatd there7 A Thenews hetolduswasveryexciting B Hehasbroughtusthenews ourteamhaswonthegame a whatb asc thatd where8 Itisinabox Ihavehiddenmymoney We llgo weareneeded a thatb inwhichc whered init a c a b c c a c 结论 在实践中要注意定语从句与其它从句的结构上的细微差别 能够正确区分使用它们 6定语从句中的动词的数 Heistheonlyoneinhisclasswho have gottheteacher spraiseHeisoneofthestudentsinhisclasswho have gottheteacher spraise has have 关系词在定语从句中做主语时 谓语动词的数取决于先行词 能力提高 Correctthesentences 1 I musingthepenwhichheboughtityesterday 2 ThemanwhomIspokeisfromCanada 3 July1 1999isthedaywhenwe llneverforget to that 4 I mgoingtoworkinthehospitalwhereneedsme 5 Thosethathaven tbeentotheWestLakewillgatherattheschoolgate which who Correctthesentences 6 ThisisthelasttimewhenI vegivenyoulessons 7 Thereasonwhichheexplaineditsoundsreasonable that why Correctthesentences 8 MissChenistheonlyoneofthefewteacherswhogiveuswonderfulEnglishlessonsinourschool gives Correctthesentences 9 Taiwan thatweknow belongstoChina 10 ThebikebywhichItravelledwashis as on Correctthesentences Correctthesentences 1 I musingthepenwhichheboughtityesterday 2 Isthatfactorywhichyourfatheronceworkedin 3 ThemanwhomIspokeisfromCanada 4 July1 1999isthedaywhenwe llneverforget 去掉 theone to which 5 Thestudentsandthingswhichyouspokeofareknowntous that 5 Einsteinissuchagreatscientistthatwemustlearnfrom 6 Thestudentwho sbookIhadborroweddidn tcometoschooltoday 7 Whoistheworkerwhotooksomepicturesofthefactory 8 Itistheoneofthebestfilmswhichhavebeenshownrecently 9 ThethirdplacewhichwearegoingtovisitisHangzhou10 Whichisknowntoall manysatellitearegoingaroundinthesky as Whose that that that As 练习题 1 All isusefultousisgood A whichB whatC thatD whether C 2 Isthisfactory wevisitedlastweek A whereB thatC whichD theone D 3 Shewillneverforgettheday shespentinBeijing A whenB whatC whichD why C 4 Thisistheschool myfatherworked20yearsago A thatB whenC whichD where D 5 Thisistheveryfactory wevisitedlastyear A thatB whichC whatD theone A 6 Thetextisoneofthemostinterestingstories learntinthepastthreedays A thathaveB thathavebeenC whichhasD whichhasbeen B 7 Thecollegewon ttakeanyone eyesightisweak A whoB whoseC ofwhomD which B 8 Letmethinkofapropersituation thissentencecanbeused A whereB thatC ofwhomD which A 9 Theman youaretalkingisinthenextroom A towhomB aboutwhomC aboutwhoD whom B 10 Thisisthelastfactory heusedtoworkat manyworkersof stillhaveagoodrelationshipwithhim A that itB which whomC that whichD which that C 11 Those totakepartinthegamewritedownyournames A whoB whowantC whatwantsD want B 12 I yougoodfriend willtrymybesttohelpyouout A whoisB whatisC whatamD whoam D 13 Hiswalkingstick hecan twalk waslostyesterday A thatB withwhichC whichD withoutwhich D 14 Theyhavedecidedtofinishtheirwork Ithinkisawisechoice A thatB whatC whichD whether C 15 Idon tliketheway hespoketome A bythatB whatC bywhichD D 16 Thisistheonlything Icandonow A whatB whichC thatD all C 17 Therearethreelibrariesinourschool werebuiltfiveyearsago A allofthemB eitherofthemC allofwhichD bothofthat C 18 Hetoldmethereason hedidn tcomehere A whichB thatC whyD what C 19 Thisisthereason hetoldme A thatB whyC onwhichD forthat A 20 Whichofthetwocows youkeepproducesmoremilk A whichB thatC whatD as B 写作训练 根据下列句子 完成短文 众所周知 2008年北京将举办奥运会 英语作为一种国际语言 将会在交流中起着重要作用 作为一名高三学生 我们应抓住现在的学习机会努力学好它 只有这样 才能为奥运贡献自己的力量 注意 要使用定语从句 Asisknowntoall Beijingwillhostthe2008OlympicGames English whichisaninternationallanguage playsanimportantpartincommunicatingwithforeigners WeSeniorThreestudentsshouldcatchthisopportunitytolearnitwell bywhichwecanmakeourcontributiontotheOlympicGames 大凡爱书人都渴望拥有一间自己的书房 我也一样 一直以来 总渴望能有自己的一间书房 闲暇之余 在那间小小的世界里 泡上一壶茶 翻上几页书 静静地品读 没人干扰 给心灵一个独