化学工程与工艺专业英语试题.doc

Final Examination of English for Chemistry Major Class NumberNameScoreI.Choose the Best item to fill in the blanks.1. Modern chemical industry began around .A.1860 B. 1800 C.1790 D.18562. made the Haber process for ammonia industrialized.A.Carl Busch B.Fritz Haber C.Willim Henry Perkin D.Calvin3. is not included in the types of Industrial Research and Development.A. product development B.process development C.manufacturing improvement D.application development4. kinds of chemical compounds are now known.A.nine million B.one million C.ten million D.a hundred million5.The main constituents of plants are .A.oxygen B.water C.carbon D.carbonhydrates6.Organic chemicals mainly come from oil,natural gas,and .A.metal B air C water D coal煤7. of all organic chemical is obtained from crude oil and natural gas.A 80% B 99% C 70% D 79%8. is not categorized as high-volume sectors.A sulphuric acid B chlor-alkali C polythene D carbondioxide9. sector provides the key intermediates to building block.A chlor-alkali products B dyestuffs C pharmaceuticals D petrochemicals10.Of all soda-ash, 50% is sold to the industy.A building B paper-making C transportation D glass making11. is the chemical that is produced in the largest tonnage.A carbon B oxygen C sulphuric acid D ammonia 12. makes up three quarters of the air we breathe.A hydrogen B oxygen C dinitrogen D nitrogen13. Almost all explosives are ultimately derive from .A urea B nitric acid C sulphuric acid D ammonia14.The most significant constituents of petroleum are .A nitrogen B sulfur C hydrocarbons D oxygen15. showed that thermodynamically the reaction of nitrogen with hydrogen is feasible.A Friz Haber B Nernst C Bosch D MittaschII. Answer the following questions according to the texts.1. What is the definition of the chemistry industry? Page 22. What are the types of Research and Development that is most concern to the chemical industry? Page163. What are the basic components of a typical chemical process? Page224. Can you describe some of the typical activities of the chemical engneer? Page255. What are the advantages of fermentation methods? Page396. where is the major cost item in industrial chemical processes spent?page457. what is the original purpose of basic chemical industry?page518. can you write down the equation of the basic reactions of brine electrolysis ? page60III. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1. It is therefore apparent that, because of its diversity of operations and links in many areas with other industries, there is no simple definition of the chemical industry.2. The terminology used to labe these functions is by no means uniform from company to company, but a rose by any other name is still a rose.3. The classical role of the chemical engineer is to take the discoveries made by the chemist in the laboratory and develop them into money-making,commercial-scale chemical processes.4. Crushing and grinding of the solids followed by sieving may achieve some physical separation because of differing particle size.5. this situation means that companies must always be on their toes looking for new and more economical ways of making and transforming their raw materials.IV. choose the right word from the list given below with proper form for each blank.refer to carried manufacturing term distinction separate process example whereas describe Research and development , or R&D as it is commonly (1) ,is an activity which is (2) out by all sectors of industry but its extent varies considerably , as we will see shortly. Let us first understand , or at least get a feel for, what the (3) mean. Although the (4) between research and development is not always clear-cut, and there is often considerable overlap, we will attempt to (5) them. In simple terms research can be thought of ideas into practice as new (6) and products. To illustrate this with an (7) , predicting the structure of a new molecule which would have a specific biological activity and synthesizing it could be seen as research, (8) testing it and developing it to the point where it could be marketed as a new drug could be as the development part. Key: I.1-5 BACCD 6-10 DBDDD 11-15 CCBCDII. (1) nowdays there would have been little difficulty in defining what constituted the chemical industry since only a very limited range of products was manufactured and these were clearly chemical . (2)(i) product development (ii) process development (iii) process improvement and applications development (3) Raw material storage Feed preparation Reaction Product separation product purification Product storage Saless (4) the chemical engineer is involved in development ,design ,construction ,operation ,sales ,and reseach . (5) they are very selective and that some chemical which are structurally very complex ,and therefore extremely difficult to synthesize ,and require a multi-stage synthesis ,are easily made . (6) separation and purification of product is a major cost item in industry chemical process . (7) the job of the basic chemical industry is to find economical ways of turning raw materials into useful intermedieates . (8) Anode 2Cl