职称英语卫生类A、B、C级综合试卷模拟11.doc

第1部分：词汇选项 下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的 4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。1. Will you please call my husband as soon as possible? A. contact B. consult C. phone D. visit2. Well give every teacher space to develop. A. chance B. employment C. room D. opportunity3. I have to go at once. A. soon B. immediately C. now D. early4. The policeman asked him to identify the thief. A. name B. distinguish C. capture D. separate5. We were all there when the accident occurred. A. happened B. broke C. spread D. appeared6. It took me exactly a week to complete the work. A. do B. achieve C. improve D. finish7. The herb medicine eventually cured her disease. A. nicely B. apparently C. finally D. naturally8. We had a long conversation about her parents. A. talk B. speech C. debate D. discussion9. Please let me know if you are unable to attend the meeting. A. go to B. prepare for C. speak to D. do to10. He has made up his mind to give up smoking. A. tried B. attempted C. agreed D. decided11. Your teacher will take your illness into account when marking your exams. A. calculation B. computation C. consideration D. assessment12. We have to put up with her behavior. A. tolerate B. accept C. swallow D. take13. They have given up the hope to save their friend from drowning. A. ended B. abandoned C. built D. strengthened14. I seldom watch TV. A. rarely B. frequently C. normally D. occasionally15. The dentist has decided to take out the girls bad tooth. A. dig B. draw C. pull D. extract第2部分：阅读判断 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。Studies Show US Spending Doesnt Get Best Health The United States may spend twice as much on health care as other rich countries but it is not getting results to match, according to studies released on Tuesday. But in the study of five wealthy countries, published in the journal Health Affairs, researchers found no single nation had clearly the worst or best health care system. Gerard Anderson at Johns Hopkins Universitys school of public health and colleagues came up with a list of 21 health fields they could evenly compare across the five countries Australia, Canada, Britain, New Zealand and the United States. None of the five countries is consistently the best or the worst on all 21 indicators, Anderson said during a telephone briefing for reporters. If you are looking for the place to get the best care, there isnt a single place. Every country has at least one indicator where it scores the best of the five countries and each country has at least one indicator where it scores the worst of the five countries. But, he said, the United States is not getting value for money. The United States should be particularly concerned about these results, given that we spend twice as much on health care as any other country. So spending more doesnt necessarily result in better outcomes. Andersons group of international health experts sponsored by the Commonwealth Fund spent five years working on the study, getting the latest possible data from the five countries on areas such as breast cancer and leukemia survival, suicide rates, death rates from asthma, vaccination rates and cancer screening.16. The US spends twice as much on health care as other rich countries. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned17. The US is the place where people get the best health care. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned18. Each year, the US spends more money on health care than the previous one. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned19. The more a country spends on health care, the better care its people enjoy. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned20. The study involved 5 countries and lasted 5 years. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned21. The other four countries provide better health care than the US. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned22. The US is determined to do something about its health care system. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第25段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。US Signs Global Tobacco Treaty 1 The United States has taken the first step toward approving a global tobacco treaty that promises to help control the deadly effects of tobacco use throughout the world. Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson signed the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) this week at the United Nations. The Senate must still approve the treaty before the US can implement its provisions. 2 The FCTC was developed by the World Health Organization and approved by members of the World Health Assembly, including the United States, last year. Countries that ratify it would be required to enact strict tobacco control policies. 3 For instance, cigarettes sold in those countries would have to have health warnings on at least 30% of the front and back of every pack. The treaty calls for higher tobacco taxes, restrictions on smoking in public places, and more promotion of tobacco prevention and cessation programs. It also requires bans on tobacco advertising, though there are some exceptions for countries like the United States, where the Constitution prohibits such an outright ban. 4 The impact of the treaty could be huge. The World Health Organization estimates that tobacco use kills nearly 5 million people worldwide every year. In the US alone, about 440,000 people die each year from tobacco-related illnesses; about one-third of all cancers in the US are caused by tobacco use. If current trends continue, WHO estimates, by 2025 tobacco will kill 10 million people each year. 5 The treaty must be ratified by at least 40 countries before it can take effect. So far, 109 countries have signed it, and 12 have ratified it.A What the FCTC DemandsB US Signing of the FCTCC Opposition to the FCTCD How the FCTC Came into BeingE What the FCTC Will Bring aboutF Ratification of the FCTC23. Paragraph 1 _24. Paragraph 2 _25. Paragraph 3 _26. Paragraph 4 _A have ratified itB approving itC implement its provisionsD restrict smoking in public placesE caused by tobacco useF including higher tobacco taxes27. Signing the FCTC is only the first step toward _.28. Countries that ratify the FCTC will have to, among other things, _.29. It is hoped that the FCTC will greatly help to reduce deaths _.30. Much more countries have signed the FCTC than those that _.第4部分：阅读理解 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题。第一篇Bringing Nanotechnology to Health Care for the Poor Nanotechnology uses matter at the level of molecules and atoms. Researchers are finding different uses for particles with a length of one nanometer, or one-billionth of a meter. These include things like beauty products and dirt-resistant clothing. But one area where many experts believe nanotechnology holds great promise is medicine. Last week, speakers at a program in Washington discussed using nanotechnology to improve health care in developing countries. The program took place at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. Peter Singer at the University of Toronto says a nanotechnology called quantum dots could be used to confirm cases of malaria. He says it could offer a better way than the traditional process of looking at a persons blood under a microscope. In poor countries, this process is often not followed. As a result, sick people may get treated for malaria even if they do not have it. Such misuse of medicines can lead to drug resistance. Quantum dots are particles that give off light when activated. Researchers are studying ways to program them to identify diseases by lighting up in the presence of a targeted molecule. Experts say nanotechnology shows promise not just for diagnosing diseases, but also for treating them. Piotr Grodzinski of the National Institutes of Health talked about how nanotechnology could make drugs more effective. He talked about cancer drugs already developed with nanotechnology. He says if a drug can target a cancer locally in the body, then much less of it might be needed, and that means lower side effects. Andrew Maynard is chief scientist for the Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies at the Woodrow Wilson Center. He noted that Brazil, India, China and South Africa are currently doing nanotechnology research that could help poor countries. But he also noted that there is some risk in using nano-materials. He says nanometer-sized particles behave differently in the body and the environment compared to larger particles. Experts say more investment in research is needed to better understand these risks.31. Which of the following uses of nanotechnology is NOT mentioned in the passage? A. To make beauty products and dirt-resistant clothing. B. To produce better and lighter building materials. C. To help more accurately diagnose diseases. D. To help more effectively treat diseases.32. How can quantum dots be used to confirm diseases? A. By traditionally looking at a persons blood under a microscope. B. By letting a person take some kind of medicine. C. By lighting up in the presence of a targeted molecule. D. By subjecting a person to an X-ray examination.33. How can nanotechnology be used to make a drug more effective? A. By making a drug target the locus of a disease. B. By changing the structure of the body cells. C. By lowering the side effects caused by a drug. D. By letting a patient take a dose as large as possible.34. The following developing countries are doing very well scientific research on nanotechnology EXCEPT _. A. China B. Brazil C. Iran D. India35. Which of the following is the possible risk in using nano-materials mentioned in the passage? A. They may cause some damage to the body cells. B. They are harmful materials themselves. C. They may store in the body. D. They may behave differently in the body and the environment.第二篇Medical Journals Medical journals are publications that report medical information to physicians and other health professionals. In the past, these journals were available only in print. With the development of electronic publishing, many medical journals now have Web sites on the Internet, and some journals publish only online. A few medical journals, like the Journal of the American Medical Association, are considered general medical journals because they cover many fields of medicine. Most medical journals are specialty journals that focus on a particular area of medicine. Medical journals publish many types of articles. Research articles report the results of research studies on a range of topics varying from the basic mechanisms of diseases to clinical trials that compare outcomes of different treatments. Review articles summarize and analyze the information available on a specific topic based on a careful search of the medical literature. Because the results of individual research studies can be affected by many factors, combining results from different studies on the same topic can be helpful in reaching conclusions about the scientific evidence for preventing, diagnosing or treating a particular disease. Case conferences and case reports may be published in medical journals to educate physicians about particular illnesses and how to treat them. Editorials in medical journals are short essays that express the views of the authors, often regarding a research or review article published in the same issue. Editorials provide perspective on how the current article fits with other information on the same topic. Letters to the editor provide a way for readers of the medical journal to express comments, questions or criticisms about articles published in that journal.36. The main readers of medical journals are A. the general public. B. health professionals. C. medical critics. D. news reporters.37. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. Many medical journals also publish online. B. A few medical journals are general medical journals. C. Most medical journals publish only online. D. Most medical journals are specialty journals.38. How many major types of articles are mentioned in the passage? A. Five. B. Seven. C. Four. D. Six.39. An article dealing with results from different studies on the same topic is called A. a research article. B. a review article. C. a case report. D. an editorial.40. Letters to the editor enable readers of a medical journal to express comments on A. any medical event. B. articles published in the same issue. C. articles published in that journal. D. medical development.第三篇Need for Emphasis on Treatment AIDS programs in developing countries put too little emphasis on treatment, the World Health Organization said Tuesday, asking for more small community-based clinics to be opened to treat HIV-infected people. An estimated 36 million to 46 million people are living with AIDS, two-thirds of them in Africa, but only 440,000 people in developing countries were receiving treatment by the end of 2003, the UN health agency said in its annual report. Without treatment, all of them will die a premature and in most cases painful death, the WHO said in the 169-page World Health Report. WHO Director General Lee Jong-wook said community-based treatment should be added to disease prevention and care for sufferers in AIDS programs. Future generations will judge our time in large part by our response to the AIDS disease, Lee said. By tackling it decisively we will also be building health systems that can meet the health needs of today and tomorrow. This is a historic opportunity we cannot afford to miss, he added. Antiretroviral drugs enable people hit by AIDS to live longer. The annual cost of treatment, which was about $10,007 when the drugs were first developed, has dropped to about $150. Treatment programs also help AIDS prevention efforts, the report said, citing great demands for testing and counseling where treatment has been made available. Good counseling in turn leads to more effective prevention in those who are uninfected, and significantly reduces the potential for HIV carriers to pass on the infection, the report said. Since its discovery in the 1980s, more than 20 million have died of AIDS, mostly in poor countries.41. Which is true of many AIDS sufferers in developing countries? A. They put too little emphasis on treatment. B. They are not receiving any treatment. C. They refuse to be treated. D. They live longer than those in developed countries.42. The WHO publishes its World Health Report A. once every two years. B. once a decade. C. once a year. D. twice a year.43. According to Lee, our response to the AIDS disease is A. a matter of great significance. B. a matter of little significance. C. overemphasized. D. timely.44. AIDS treatment programs may also result in A. better drugs. B. lower yearly cost. C. more effective prevention. D. greater emphasis on treatment.45. How many people have died of AIDS so far? A. 36 million. B. 46 million. C. Around 440,000. D. More than 20 million.第5部分：补全对话 阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。Weight Worries May Start Early for Slim Women There is a range of reasons why thin women think theyre too heavy, but the distorted body image may often have its roots in childhood, the results of a new study suggest. Researchers found that among more than 2,400 thin women they surveyed, nearly 10 percent thought they were too heavy. (46) According to the study authors, led by Dr. Susanne Kruger Kjaer of the Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, societys ideal female body is moving toward an underweight physique. (47) To investigate body image among thin women, the researchers gave questionnaires to 2,443 women ages 27 to 38 whose body mass index was at the low end of normal. (48) Overall, almost 10 percent of the women thought they were too heavy. Those who reported certain severe life events in childhood or adolescence, such as having a parent become ill or having their educational hopes dashed, were more likely than others to have a distorted body image. (49) In contrast, traumatic events in adulthood, such as serious illness or significant marital problems, were not related to poor body image, the researchers report. (50) A The same was true of4 women who started having sex or drinking alcohol when they were younger than 15 years old.B Experiences in childhood, including having an ill parent, or starting to drink or have sex at a particularly young age, were among the risk factors for having a distorted body image.C Our results indicate that the risk of being dissatisfied with (ones) own body weight may be estab