英语四级听力各大题型解题方法.doc

英语四级听力各大题型解题方法小对话(short conversations)题目序号: 11-18 所占比例:8%备考策略一：做完真题分析听力原文时, 多总结同义替换(同根词以及同义词之间的替换)，比如hardly，barely，rarely，seldom等，并重点关注出现频率较多较难的短语,比如四级听力中考察过三次的短语stay awake.例：2010年6月第17题(A) Few students understand Prof. Johnsons lectures.(B) Few students meet Prof. Jonsons requirements.(C) Many students find Prof. Johnsons lectures boring.(D) Many students have dropped Prof. Johnsons class.听力原文：W: Youre taking a course with Professor Johnson. Whats your impression so far?M: Well, many students could hardly stay awake in his class without first drinking a cup of coffee.Q: What does the man imply?解析：通过听力原文中的划线句子,不难看出,正确答案为C选项.该结构曾在01年1月第5题和02年1月第9题中出现过，且均为考点。而当时是以barely able to stay awake的形式出现的。这就要求考生再去多总结一些同义替换，四级听力中类似表示否定的词，除了上文中出现过的hardly和barely，还常考的有rarely和seldom。多掌握些类似词和短语，很多小对话都能迎刃而解了。备考策略二：听力考试历来喜欢分场景进行考察。这就要求考生多去熟悉一些常见的场景词汇。例如校园，职场，机场，酒店，餐馆，健身房等场景的词汇。例：2009年12月第16题(A) She must have paid a lot for the gym.(B) She is known to have a terrific figure.(C) Her gym exercise has yielded good results.(D) Her effort to keep fit is really praiseworthy.听力原文：W: Ive been working out the gym since January. I was a bit out of shape.M: You look terrific. It seems that your effort has paid off.Q: What does the man imply about the woman?解析：通过划线部分的听力原文不难看出正确选项为C，但这道题难点在于很多考生不认识诸如gym(健身房)，figure(身材)，work out(锻炼身体)，pay off(取得成功)等健身场景的词汇。最后，小对话实在听不懂的情况下，考生采取避开那些明显被播读到的选项的方法，比直接从四个选项中蒙一个，正确概率相对要高一些。例：2010年12月第17题(A) He owns a piece of land in the downtown area.(B) He has got enough money to buy a house.(C) He can finally do what he has dreamed of.(D) He is moving into a bigger apartment.听力原文：M: I did extremely well on the sale of my downtown apartment. Now, I have enough money to buy that piece of land Ive had my eye on and build a house on it。W: Congratulations!Does that mean youll be moving soon?Q: What do we learn about the man from the conversation?解析：这道题的正确答案为C选项，另外三个选项均被明显播读，所以被排除。长对话(long conversations)题目序号：19-25 所占比例：7%破题技巧：1，视听一致(听到什么选什么)2，同义替换(同根词或同义词进行替换)3，第一题经常对应原文第一句或第一回合4，答句更易出考点。例：2010年12月第二篇长对话22. (A) By reading a newspaper ad.(B) By seeing a commercial on TV.(C) By listening to the morning news.(D) By calling an employment service.23. (A) She could improve her foreign languages.(B) She could work close to her family.(C) She could travel overseas frequently.(D) She could use her previous experiences.24. (A) Taking management courses.(B) Teaching English at a university.(C) Working as a secretary.(D) Studying for a degree in French.25. (A) Prepare for an interview in a couple of days.(B) Read the advertisement again for more details.(C) Send in a written application as soon as possible.(D) Get to know the candidates on the short list.W: Good morning, Im calling about the job that was in the paper(Q22答案点，首句考点+视听一致) last night。M: Well, could you tell me your name?W: Candidate Foreset。M: Oh yes. What exactly is it that interests you about the job?W: Well, I thought it was just right for me。M: Really? Um Could you tell me a little about yourself?W: Yes. Im 23. Ive been working abroad。M: Where exactly have you been working?W: In Geneva。M: Oh, Geneva. And what were you doing there?W: Secretarial work. (Q23答案点，同义替换)Previous to that, I was at university。M: Which university was that?W: The University of Manchester. Ive got a degree in English。M: You said youve been working in Geneva. Do you have any special reason for wanting to come back?W: I thought it would be nice to be near to the family。(Q24答案点，视听一致+同义替换)M: I see, and how do you see yourself developing in this job?W: Well, Im ambitious. I do hope that my career as a secretary will lead me eventually into management。M: I see. You have foreign languages?W: French and Italian。M: Well, I think the best thing for you to do is do reply a writing to the advertisement。W: Cant I arrange for an interview now?M: Well, Im afraid we must wait until all the applications are in, in writing, and then decide on the short list. If you are on the short list, of course we should see you。W: Oh, I see。M: I look forward to receiving your application in writing in a day or two。(Q25答案点，视听一致+同义替换)W: Oh, yes, yes, certainly。M: Ok, thank you very much. Goodbye。W: Thank you. Goodbye。Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard。22. How did the woman get to know about the job vacancy?23. Why did the woman find the job appealing?24. What had the woman been doing in Geneva?25. What was the woman asked to do in the end?另，长对话历来极喜欢考职场和校园两个场景。考生平时可多去积累些相关场景词汇和表达，可有效提高做题正确率。短文听力(short passages)题目序号：26-35 所占比例：10%破题技巧：1，视听一致(听到什么选什么)2，同义替换(同根词或同义词进行替换)3，顺序出题原则4，疑问语气或之后答句易出考点5，转折词或因果关系的词后易出考点,例：2010年12月第一篇短文听力26. (A) They cannot see the firefighters because of the smoke.(B) They do not realize the danger they are in.(C) They cannot hear the firefighters for the noise.(D) They mistake the firefighters for monsters.27. (A) He travels all over America to help put out fires.(B) He often teaches children what to do during a fire.(C) He teaches Spanish in a San Francisco community.(D) He provides oxygen masks to children free of charge.28. (A) He saved the life of his brother choking on food.(B) He rescued a student from a big fire.(C) He is very good at public speaking.(D) He gives informative talks to young children.29. (A) Firefighters play an important role in America.(B) Kids should learn not to be afraid of monsters.(C) Carelessness can result in tragedies.(D) Informative speeches can save lives.One of the greatest heartbreaks for fire fighters occurs when they fail to rescue a child from a burning building because the child, frightened by smoke and noise, hides under a bed or in a closet and is later found dead. Saddest of all is when children catch a glimpse of the masked the fire fighter but hide because they think they have seen a monster.(Q26答案点，视听一致+同义替换) To prevent such tragedies, fire fighter Eric Velez gives talks to children in his community, explaining that they should never hide during a fire. (Q27答案点，视听一致+同义替换)He displays fire fighters equipment, including the oxygen mask, which he encourages his listeners to play with and put on. If you see us, Velez tells them, dont hide! We are not monsters. We have come to rescue you。 Velez gives his presentations in English and Spanish. Growing up in San Francisco, he learnt Spanish from his immigrant parents. Velez and other fire fighters throughout North America, who give similar presentations, will never know how many lives they save through their talks. But its a fact that informative speaking saves lives.(Q29答案点1) For example, several months after listening to an informative speech, Pete Gentry in North Carolina rescued his brother who is choking on food, (Q28答案点，视听一致+同义替换)by using the method taught by student speaker, Julie Paris. In addition to saving lives, informative speakers (Q29答案点2)help people learn new skills, solve problems and acquire fascinating facts about the exciting world in which they live。26 Why do some children trapped in a burning building hide from masked fire fighters?27 What does the passage tell us about fire fighter Eric Velez?28 What do we learn about Pete Gentry?29 What message is the speaker trying to convey?复合式听写(compound dictation)题目序号：36-46 所占比例：11%(前8题每题0.5%，后3题每题2%)解题步骤：1，利用最后一篇短文听力的问题时间及复合式听写的Directions时间预览整篇文章，锁定1-3个高频词。(高频词很可能在之后三个句子中出现)2，第一遍放音时：前八个单词：只写单词的前几个字母，否则会失去听到下个单词的时间。后三个句子：写出首尾单词，若出现之前锁定的高频词，可只写其大写字母，节省时间。3， 第二遍放音时：前八个单词：补全。后三个句子：补全，听到什么写什么。4， 第三遍放音时：前八个单词：补全后三个单词：继续补全。5、最后誊写时，检查名词单复数，动词的时态(可根据空格前后的动词时态判断);不会写的形容词或副词放弃;名词或动词尽量找替代词进行补全，保证所写句子结构的完整性。例：2009年12月复合式听写In the humanities, authors write to inform you in many ways. These methods can be (36)classified into three types of informational writing: factual, descriptive, and process.Factual writing provides (37)background information on an author, composer or artist, or on a type of music, literature, or art. Examples of factual writing include notes on a book jacket or (38)album cover, and longer pieces such as an article describing a style of music, which you might read in a music (39)appreciation course. This kind of writing provides a (40)context for your study of the humanities.As its name (41)implies, descriptive writing simply describes, or provides an (42)image of a piece of music, art or literature. For example, descriptive writing might list the colors an artist used in a painting or the (43)instruments a composer included in a musical composition. So estimate pictures or sounds in a readers mind by calling up specific details of the work.(44) Descriptive writing in the humanities, particularly in literature, is often mixed with critical writing.Process writing explains a series of actions that bring about a result.(45)It tells the reader how to do something. For example, explaining the technique to shoot a film. This kind of writing is often found in art, where understanding how an artist created a certain effect is important. (46)Authors may actually use more than one type of technique in a given piece of informational writing.解析：(36)题录音时classified易与后面的into进行连读，造成听力难点，但考生可从空格左边的can be结构判断出其为被动语态结构，即使未听出过去分词，之后誊写检查时也应该自行改正。(41)题同理，从空格后边的describes和provides可判断出该句子应为一般现在时，而its name是第三人称单数，因此imply应改为implies。另：以y结尾的名词和动词的复杂变形极易在复合式听写中被考察。扩充：元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数，直接+s 例：boys辅音字母+y结尾的名词变复数，y改i+es 例：humanities元音字母+y结尾的动词变形，直接+s/ed 例：plays/played辅音字母+y结尾的动词变形，y改i+es/ed例：implies/implied(44)题，若在预览题目时已经判断出Humanities, Descriptive, Critical和Writing为高频词，则该句的首尾部分在听写时可直接写为：DW in the H和CW，为第二、三遍的补全有效节省了不少时间。另，literature一类的学科名词近年来多次被考察，均为难点，所以考生平时最好多去总结记忆一些学科名词。以下是四级听力中出现过的一些学科名词难点：Literature(文学);architecture(建筑);finance(金融);economics(经济);philosophy(哲