形容词专题复习.doc

形容词专题复习一、 形容词是用来对名词在性质、形状、大小、新旧、颜色等方面加以修饰的词，说明名词所表示的人或物是说明样子。二、 形容词的语法功能：在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语等。e.g. The old should be respected.The little girl is quite smart.We all find the book interesting.They arrived home, hungry and tired.三、 形容词比较级和最高级的构成。1、 规则变化：（1）单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加er或est：bright _ _; 以不发音的e字母结尾的加r,或st：large _ _; 以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i加er或est: easy _ _； 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词双写最后一个辅音字母再加er或est: big _ _；以er，ow结尾的双音节词加er 或est: clever slow. （2）多音节词前加more或most: beautifulmore beautifulmost beautiful(3) 部分形容词本身达到极限，因此他们没有比较级和最高级形式：favorite, round, absolute, excellent, wonderful, dead, living. 2、 不规则变化： good, well, bad, ill, much, many, little, far, old.注：只有少数形容词和副词有两种比较级和最高级形式：clever old far 少数单音节形容词比较级、最高级时，加more, most,如：glad, fond, shy, tired, pleased, real比较级 最高级good _ _bad/ ill _ _many/ much _ _little _ _far _ _old _ _late _ _clever _ _四、 形容词比较结构的用法1. A超过B A is +形容词比较级+than B (可以用much, far, even, still, a lot, a little, a bit little, by far来加强比较等级结构的语气)e.g. I am fatter than Amy. An elephant is much stronger than a horse. She is much taller than me2. A不及B (1) A is not +比较级+than B (2) A is not so/ as+原级+as B (3) A is less +多音节形容词原形+ than BJack is not as tall as Tom. =Jack is shorter than Tom. =Jack is not taller than Tom.*This car isnt as expensive as that one. = _.The meeting is not as important as that one.= _.含有形容词比较级的主句+ than + 从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。 Our teacher is taller than we are. It is warmer today than it was yesterday. 3.A与B同级 A is as +原级+as BI am as tall as she. The office is as large as the classroom.注：当as as 中间有名词时采用以下格式：(1) as +形容词+ a +单数名词 (2) as + many/much +名词This is as good an example as the other is.I can carry as much paper as you can.4. 越越 the+比较级，the+比较级 The harder you work at English, the easier youll find it.The harder you work at English, the more you will like it.The harder you work at English, the more interested youll be in it.5. 越来越比较级+and+比较级 The bag becomes lighter and lighter.The light became brighter and brighter.6.比较级表最高级意义：(1) 比较级+ than + any other+单数名词 (2) 比较级+than + any of the other+复数名词(3) 比较级+than+ all other+复数名词 (4) 比较级+than+ anyone/ anything elsee.g. She likes strawberry than anything else. He is taller than any other student in his class./ He is taller than all other students in his class. 翻译：中国是亚洲最大的国家。_注意：最高级前可以用 by far, much, a great deal, a good deal, nearly, almost来加强语气。He is nearly (almost/ much/ by far) the cleverest man I know.She is by far the most popular material used in industry.7.表示倍数的句型：A is +倍数+ as +形容词原级+ as BA is +倍数+ the +名词+ of BA is +倍数+ 形容词比较级+ than B翻译：新图书馆是旧图书馆的5倍那么大。_ 这把尺子是那把尺子的3倍那么长。8. 在含有never, nobody, no的比较级结构（表示最高级）句子中，使用不定冠词。如：I have never heard a better voice than hers.You can never find a better job than this.五、 并列形容词修饰名词的词序：描述性形容词(good/ nice)+ 大小、长短、高低等形体性形容词( long, large, high) +新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+用途+被修饰词如： a nice long new black British plastic pen a dirty old brown shirt an expensive Japanese sports car六、 需要注意的形容词1. 以字母a开头的形容词，如：asleep, alone, alive, afraid, available等。2. worth, worthy, worthwhile3. no more than与not more than4. more than 与 more than5. 表“年长于、年幼于、优于”后者时，可用：senior to; junior to; superior to; inferior to sb6. never/ not/ hardly/ only too+形容词+to do 无论怎样都不过分；越越好；及其，非常e.g. He is senior to me. You can never be too careful to cross the street.Practice:翻译1. 中国日报不只是一份报纸。2. 我们班的人数只有50个。3. 他并不比你做得好。4. 与其说他是一位皇帝不如说是位诗人。5. 他比我们要年长。II单选1. Boris has brains. In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has _ IQ.A. a high B. a higher C. the higher D. higher2. While a person is asleep, a part of his brain is still _.A. active B. alive C. awake D. aware3. What he has done is far from _.A. satisfactory B. satisfied C. satisfaction D. satisfy4. A good story doesnt necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader must not be left _.A. unsatisfied B. unsatisfying C. to be satisfying D. being unsatisfied5. Much of the power of the trade unions has been lost. _, their political influence should be very great.A. As a result B. As usual C. Even so D. So far6. Did you enjoy yourself at the party?-Yes, I have never been to _ one before.A. a more excited B. the most excited C. a more interesting D. the most exciting7. This _ girl is Lindas cousin. A. pretty little Spanish B. Spanish little girl C. Spanish pretty little D. little pretty Spanish 8. What a table! Ive never seen such a thing before. Its _ it is long.A. half not as wide as B. wide not as half as C. not half as wide as D. as wide as not half9. How was your job interview?- Oh, I couldnt feel _. I hardly found proper answers to most of the questions they asked.A. better B. easier C. worse D. happier10. After we compare the two, we find this design is _ that one.A. more superior to B. far superior than C. more superior than D. far superior to11. She has a _ stamp.A. green square valuable Hongkong B. Hongkong valuable square greenC. Hongkong square valuable green D. valuable square green Hongkong12. China is larger than _ in Africa.A. any of the other countries B. any other country C. any country D. all the other countries13. Which of the following is wrong?A. She is as a good cook as her mother. B. We produce twice as many cars this year as we did last year.C. Hes just as strong as his father.D. I ate as much as I could.14. Dracula and Frankenstein are _ film characters.A. frightful B. frightened C. frightening D. frighten15. I always look out when crossing the street.-Youre right. You cannot be too _.A. nervous B. careful C. hurried D. careless16. Although he sometimes loses his temper, his students like him _ for it.A. not so much