BB四级水平阅读测试2.doc

132大学英语(IV) (132-A08019-C10586-2) 作业 复查测验： 四级水平阅读测试- 2 复查测验： 四级水平阅读测试- 2 用户已提交13-11-24 下午4:13名称四级水平阅读测试- 2状态已完成分数得 40 分，满分 40 分 说明 问题 1得 2 分，满分 2 分 The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, pain free life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness, if fun and pleasure are equal to happiness then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain. As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment（承担的义务）, self-improvement. Ask a bachelor（单身汉）why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features. Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole nights sleep or a three-day vacation. I dont know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children. But couples who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild. Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all. According to the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because _.所选答案： A. he is reluctant to take on family responsibilities 问题 2得 2 分，满分 2 分 Raising children, in the authors opinion, is _.所选答案： C. a rewarding task 问题 3得 2 分，满分 2 分 From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes stems from _.所选答案： B. misunderstanding 问题 4得 2 分，满分 2 分 To understand what true happiness is one must _.所选答案： D. be able to distinguish happiness from fun 问题 5得 2 分，满分 2 分 What is the author trying to tell us?所选答案： A. Happiness often goes hand in hand with pain. 问题 6得 2 分，满分 2 分 Believe it or not, optical illusion (错觉)can cut highway crashes.Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. Bent stripes, called chevrons(人字形), painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down.Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D.C. is planning to repeat Japans success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes.Excessive speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed-related hazards are the greatestcurves, exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges.Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars painted across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars.Chevrons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents.The passage mainly discusses _. 所选答案： A. a new way of highway speed control 问题 7得 2 分，满分 2 分 On roads painted with chevrons, drivers tend to feel that _.所选答案： C. they should slow down their speed 问题 8得 2 分，满分 2 分 The advantage of chevrons over straight, horizontal bars is that the former _.所选答案： C. will have a longer effect on drivers 问题 9得 2 分，满分 2 分 The American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety plans to _.所选答案： A. try out the Japanese method in certain areas 问题 10得 2 分，满分 2 分 What does the author say about straight, horizontal bars painted across roads?所选答案： B. They tend to be ignored by drivers in a short period of time. 问题 11得 2 分，满分 2 分 Although April did not bring us the rains we all hoped for, and although the Central Valley doesnt generally experience the atmospheric sound and lightning that can accompany those rains, it is still important for parents to be able to answer the youthful questions about thunder and lightning.The reason these two wonders of nature are so difficult for many adults to explain to children is that they are not very well understood by adults themselves. For example, did you know that the lightning we see flashing down to the earth from a cloud is actually flashing up to a cloud from the earth? Our eyes trick us into thinking we see a downward motion when its actually the other way around. But then, if we believed only what we think we see, wed still insist that the sun rises in the morning and sets at night.Most lightning flashes take place inside a cloud, and only a relative few can be seen jumping between two clouds or between earth and a cloud. But, with about 2,000 thunderstorms taking place above the earth every minute of the day and night, theres enough activity to produce about 100 lightning strikes on earth every second.Parents can use thunder and lightning to help their children learn more about the world around them. When children understand that the light of the lightning flashing reaches their eyes almost at the same moment, but the sound of the thunder takes about 5 seconds to travel just one mile, they can begin to time the interval between the flash and the crash to learn how close they were to the actual spark.16. According to the author, in the area of the Central Valley, _.所选答案： C. children pay no attention to natural phenomena 问题 12得 2 分，满分 2 分 We believe that lightning is a downward because _.所选答案： B. we are deceived by our sense of vision 问题 13得 2 分，满分 2 分 What is TRUE about lightning according to the passage?所选答案： B. Lightning travels 5 times faster than thunder. 问题 14得 2 分，满分 2 分 The word “activity” (Line 3, Para. 3) is most closely related to the word(s) _.所选答案： D. “thunderstorms” 问题 15得 2 分，满分 2 分 It can be concluded from the passage that _.所选答案： C. people often have wrong concepts about ordinary phenomena 问题 16得 2 分，满分 2 分 People tend to be more impressed by evidence that seems to confirm some relationship. Thus many are convinced their dreams are prophetic (预言的) because of a few have come true; they neglect or fail to notice the many that have not.Consider also the belief that “the phone always rings when Im in the shower.” If it does ring while you are in the shower, the event will stand out and be remembered. If it doesnt ring, that nonevent probably wont even register. People want to see order, pattern and meaning in the world. Consider, for example, the common belief that things like personal misfortunes, plane crashes, and deaths “happen in threes.” Such beliefs stem from the tendency of people to allow the third event to define the time period. If three plane crashes occur in a month, then the period of time that counts as their “happening together” is one month; if three crashes occur in a year, the period of time is stretched. Flexible end points reinforce such beliefs.We also tend to believe what we want to believe. A majority of people think they are more intelligent, more fair-minded and more skilled behind the wheel of an automobile than the average person. Part of the reason we view ourselves so favorably is that we use criteria that work to our advantage. As economist Thomas Schelling explains, “Everybody ranks himself high in qualities he values; careful drivers give weight to care, skilled drivers give weight to skill, and thos