八年级英语下册第三单元学习要点归纳（新目标英语）.doc

八年级英语下册第三单元学习要点归纳（新目标英语） 八年级英语下册第三单元学习要点归纳（新目标英语） 学习要点 本单元以新颖的话题，引入了一种新时态过去进行时态。希望通过对这种时态的学习和掌握来完善自己的语法知识结构。同时，本单元又重新对一般过去时态进行了复习，以通过对两种时态的对比来更好地理解和掌握两种时态。Section A 1过去进行时的用法及与一般过去时的区别 2in front of与in the front of的区别 3get out of的用法 4go into与go to的区别 5when与while的区别 6take off的用法 7感叹句 ato do结构 9宾语从句 10Le surprised 11How about you? 的用法Section B 1climb的用法 2jump down的用法 3in a tree和on a tree的区别 4another，the other，other的区别 5say to sb的用法 6What happened? 的用法Self check 1when引导时间状语从句时的注意事项 2hear的用法 3at the doctors的用法 4in hospital与in the hospital的区别 重点难点1过去进行时（1）用法：表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。（2）句式：肯定式：主语was /werev-ing其他。如：I was working at ten oclock yesterday.昨天十点我在工作。否定式：主语was /werenotv-ing其他。如：He was not writing a letter at that time.那时他没在写信。一般疑问式：Was /Were主语v-ing其他？如：Were you mending the bike this time yesterday?昨天这个时候，你在修理自行车吗？特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词was /were主语v-ing其他？如：What were you doing when the teacher came in?老师进来时，你在干什么？（3）时态判定：过去进行时常用的时间状语有：at that time, this time yesterday, last night等。如：They were playing football at five yesterday.昨天五点钟他们正在踢足球。2过去进行时用于带when, while状语从句的句子中（1）用when引导的状语从句表示时间，说明一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行。如：The students were reading when the teacher came in.老师进来时，学生们正在画画。（2）用when引导的状语从句也可表示正在进行某一个动作时，另一动作发生了。如：My pen dropped on the ground when I was walking in the park.我在公园散步时，钢笔掉在了地上。用while引导的状语从句一般用进行时，表示正在进行某个动作时，发生了另一个动作，这时主句多用一般过去时。如： /PGN0043.TXT/PGN While he was reading, the telephone rang.他正看书时，电话铃响了。when与while状语从句都可以与进行时连用，但while更强调动作持续一段时间。3过去进行时态与一般过去时态的区别过去进行时态表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作，侧重动作的进行、含有动作在持续、未完成的意思。一般过去时态表示过去的某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，它侧重动作曾经发生过或曾经是，强调动作已结束或一个事实。如：The workers were building a bridge last winter.去年冬天工人们在修一座桥。（去年冬天工人们一直在修桥，修好与否不详。）The workers built a bridge last winter.去年冬天工人们修了一座桥。（去年冬天工人们修了桥，而且桥已修好了。）注：过去进行时态与现在进行时态一样，有些动词（表示位置移动的）用（过去）进行时表示（过去）将来时。如：All of us wanted to know when they were leaving for Shanghai.我们都想知道他们什么时候去上海。Section A 内容详解 Language Goals：语言目标： Talk about past events讨论发生过的事情 Tell a story讲一个故事 So， what were you doing when the UFO arrived? 那么，当飞碟到来的时候你正在做什么？ Well， I was standing in front of the library. 嗯，我正站在图书馆前面。1a A TV reporter is asking“Where were you when the UFO arrived?”Match the statements with the people in the picture一位电视台记者正在询问：“当飞碟到来时你在哪？”把说明与图中的人联系起来。 1I was in the bathroom. 我在浴室里。 2I was in my bedroom我在卧室里。 3I was in front of the library我在图书馆前面。 4I was in the kitchen我在厨房里。 5I was in my barber shop我在理发店里。 6I was in the babers chair我在理发店的椅子上。 参考答案： 1d 2b 3a 4c 5e 6f1b Listen to the reporters questions and circle the correct responses. 听记者的问题并把正确的回答圈出来。听力原文 Reporter：So， what were you doing when the UFO arrived? 那，当飞碟到来时你正在做什么? Girl 1：Well， I was standing in front of the library? 嗯，我正站在图书馆的前面。 Boy 1：I was sleeping late我正在熟睡。 Woman 1：I was cooking dinner我正在做晚饭。 Reporter：How about you? 你呢？ Man 1：I was getting out of the shower我正从浴室里出来。 Man 2：And I was cutting hair我正在剪头发。 astanding in from of the librarystudying in the library 站在图书馆前面在图书馆学习 bcleaning my roomsleeping late打扫房间熟睡 cmaking a smoothiecooking dinner制作果奶做晚饭 dgetting out of the showertalking on the phone 从浴室里出来在电话里谈事 eeating lunchcutting hair吃午饭剪头发 参考答案： astanding in front of the library bsleeping late ccooking dinner dgetting out of the shower. ecutting hair1c PAIRWORK 结对练习 A：What was he doing when the UFO arrived? 当飞碟到来时他正在做什么？ B：He Was sleeping late when it arrived当它到来时他正在熟睡。2a Listen and order these statements15。 听并把说明排序。 The alien visited the Museum of Flight外星人参观航天馆。 The alien bought a souvenir外星人买了一件纪念品。 A UFO landed on Center Street一架飞碟降落在中央大街上。 The alien went into a store外星人走进了一家商店。 An alien got out of the UFO外星人从飞碟上下来。 听力原文 Reporter：So， can you tell me what you saw here today? 你能告诉我今天你在这看到了什么吗？ Boy：Well， I was walking down Center Street when a UFO landed. 当一个飞碟着陆的时候，我正在中央大街上散步。 Reporter：Where did it landed? 它在哪着陆？ Boy：Right here就在这。 Reporter：So what happened next? 那，接下来发生了什么呢？ Girl：An alien got out of the UFO一个外星人从飞碟里出来了。 Reporter：What were you doing? 你正在做什么？ Girl：When the alien got out of the UFO I was shopping. 当外星人从飞碟里出来时我正在买东西。 Reporter：Then what happened? 然后发生了什么？ Boy：Well! Then the alien went into a storedo you see the store over thereand bought a souvenir嗯！然后那个外星人走进了一家商店 你看到那边那家商店了吗并买了一件纪念品。 Girl：Then it visited the Museum of Flight on Green Street. 然后它到了格林大街航天博物馆。 Reporter：So， what did you do? 那么你做了什么？ Girl：While it was buying a Souvenir，I called the police. 当它在买纪念品的时候，我给警察打了电话。 Boy：And while it was visiting the museum， I called the TV station. 而当它参观博物馆的时候，我给电视台打了电话。 Reporter：So what happed next? 接着又发生了什么事？ 参考答案： 5 4 1 3 262b Listen again. Complete the following sentences with“when”or“while”. 再听一遍。用when或while完成下列句子。 1The boy was walking down the street_ a UFO landed. 飞船着陆时，男孩正在街上散步。 2The girl was shopping_ she saw the alien get out. 那个女孩看到外星人出来时，她正在购物。 3_ the alien was buying a souvenir， the girl called the police. 外星人正在买纪念品时，女孩打电话报警了。 4_ the alien was visiting the museum， the boy called the TV station. 外星人正在参观航天馆时，男孩打电话通知电视台了。 参考答案： 1when 2when 3While 4While2c GROUPWORK 小组活动 Look at the picture below. Say what each person was doing when the UFO took off. Make sentences with“when”and“while”看下面的图画。说出当飞碟起飞的时候每个人都在做什么。用when和while造句。 A：What was the girl doing when the UFO took off? 当飞碟起飞的时候，那个女孩正在做什么？ B：While the girl was?女孩正在的时候。 C：When the UFO took off the man was? 当飞碟起飞的时候，那个人正在Grammar Focus 语法重点 The boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed. 当飞碟着陆时男孩正在街上散步。 While the boy Was walking down the street，the UFO landed. 男孩正在街上散步时，飞碟着陆了。 The girl was shopping when the alien got out. 当外星人出来的时候，那女孩正在购物。 While the girl was shopping，the alien got out. 女孩正在购物时，外星人出来了。3a Read the email message and number the pictures in the correct order. 读这封电子邮件的信息并把图画排出正确顺序。Dear Jack， I had a very unusual experience on Sunday. At around ten oclock in the morning，I was walking down the street when a UFO landed right in front of me. You can imagine how strange it was! An alient got out and walked down Center StreetI followed it to see where it was going， and wasvery surprised when it went into a souvenir shop. While it was looking at the souvenirs， the shop assistant called the police. Before the police arrived， the alien left the shop and then visited the Museum of Flight. While the alien was in the museum， I called the TV stationIsnt that amazing!Ted亲爱的杰克： 星期天我有一次非常不寻常的经历。早上大约十点钟，我正在散步的时候，一架飞碟停在了我的前方。你可以想象那是多么的奇怪啊！一个外星人走出来，走在了中央大街上。我跟着他想看看他要去哪，当他走进一家纪念品店的时候我感到很惊讶。当他正看纪念品的时候，售货员报警了。在警察到达以前，外星人离开了商店，去参观航天博物馆厂。当外星人在博物馆的时候，我打电话通知了电视台。那是多么令人惊奇呀！泰得 参考答案： Clockwise：5，3，4，1，23b PAIRWORK 小组活动 Cover the story. Look at the pictures and take turns to tell the story. 盖上故事，看着图画轮流讲故事。4 GROUPWORK 小组活动 What were you doing at these times last Sunday? Fill in the table. Then survey two other students. 上周日的这些时间你都在做什么？填表。然后调查其他两位同学。 A：What were you doing at nine oclock last Sunday morning? 上周日早上九点钟你正在做什么？ B：I was sleeping. How about11 you? 我正在睡觉。你呢？ A：I was doing my homework我正在做作业。 B：Youre kidding! 你在说谎！要 点 解 疑 was standing表示“正站在”。 “was werev.-ing”结构是过上进行时态，主要表示过去某个时刻（候）正在进行的动作或正在发生的事情。 如：I was sleeping at seven oclock last Saturday morning. 上周六早晨七点钟我正在睡觉。 We were picking cotton when they arrived。 他们到达时我们正在摘棉花。 过去进行时和一般过去时的差别是前者表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，后者表示过去一个已经完成的动作。 例如：I was reading a novel last night昨晚我在看小说。（可能没看完） I read a novel last night昨晚我看了一本小说。（已经看完了。） in front of与in the front of的区别 in front of和in the front of两者都可意为“在前面”。其区别在于前者方位与物体间无所属关系，而后者则有所属关系，是在物体内部的前面。 例如：I stand in front of the classroom我站在教室前面。（在教室外） I stand in the front of the classroom. 我站在教室前面。（在教室内，同时可译为“前部”） get out of从出去（来） 例如：While I was getting out of the room， he finished homework. 我从房间出来时，他完成作业了。 go into与go to的区别 go into意为“进入”，go to意为“去” 例如：I want to go into the room我想进入那个房间。 I want to go to the room我想去那个房间。 when与while的区别 “when”表示“在时”。它表示两个动作一先一后地进行，可以用来指某个时间点（动作瞬间完成），也可以表示一段时间（动作有延续性）。 “while”表示同时，表示两个动作同时进行