《英美报刊选读》PPT课件.ppt

LearningAim TheBasicLayoutofEnglishNewspapers GeneralFeaturesofNewsEnglish DifferentStylesofNewsArticles ChapterOne GeneralIntroduction GeneralIntroduction TheSignificanceofNewspaperReading 1 GoodlearningResourcesforEnglishlearnersfortherichvocabulary whichincludesvariousidioms commonsayingsanddiversephrases TheSignificanceofNewspaperReading 2 EnablethelearnerstoenhancetheirreadingabilitybyprovidingauthenticEnglishlearningmaterial TheSignificanceofNewspaperReading 3 Broadenthereaders horizon beingthemajoraccesstoworldnews TheSignificanceofNewspaperReading 4 Goodhelperforthelearnerstoimprovetheirwritingskill duetotheexpertuseofvariouswritingtechniqueslikepersonification ironyetc infeatures BriefIntroductionofAmericanandBritishnewspapersandmagazines 美国和英国的日报总数约两千多家 各种期刊为五千余种 其中绝大多数是地方性和专业性报刊 全国性大报和杂志为数并不多 下面介绍在美英国内若干有影响的报刊 Americanmajorpapers TheNewYorkTimesTheWashingtonPostLosAngelesTimesUSATodayTheWallStreetJournalTheChristianScienceMonitorInternationalHeraldTribune 纽约时报 华盛顿邮报 洛杉矶时报 今日美国报 华尔街日报 基督教科学箴言报 国际先驱论坛报 Americanmajorpapers FreePressChicagoSun TimesNewYorkDailyNewsBostonGlobeDalasMorningNewsSanFranciscoChronicle 自由新闻报 芝加哥太阳时报 纽约每日新闻 波士顿环球报 达拉斯晨报 旧金山纪事报 Americanmajornewsmagazines TimeNewsweekReader sDigestFortuneBusinessWeekFarEasternReview 时代 周刊 新闻周刊 读者文摘 财富 杂志 商业周刊 远东经济评论 Americanmajornewsmagazines U S NewsandWorldReportSmithsonianStarFamilyCircleAmericanLegionPeopleWeeklyNationalGeographic 美国新闻与世界报道 史密斯森学会 杂志 明星 家族 月刊 美国军团 人民周刊 国家地理 杂志 Britishnewspapers 英国报刊英国报刊发行与美国不尽相同 国内外财团控制的大报业集团的报纸占全英发行量的90 这些大集团以往又都是集中在伦敦市中心的报业中心 舰队街 FleetStreet 因此 FleetStreet常用来借喻伦敦或英国 报界 或 新闻界 现在为了改善发行和促进在海外销售 有的已移往伦敦其他地区或城市 甚至海外 如 卫报 就在德国发行国际版 而 金融时报 就直接在德国 美国和日本等国印刷发行 英国报纸按风格和内容分为quality popular mid marketpapers 质量类 报纸是严肃性大开张 broadsheet 的全国性日报 有很高的编辑水平 读者对象是受过较高教育的上层和中产阶级人士 DailyExpress 每日快报 DailyMail 每日邮报 DailyMirror 每日镜报 DailyStar 每日明星报 TheSun 太阳报 都是 通俗类 小报 消息不如qualitypapers那样严肃可靠 往往追求轰动效应 如 太阳报 就以刊登英国王室成员和政界人士的桃色新闻和美女照片而 著称 其发行量居首位 读者基本是工人阶级和中产阶级 中间市场类 指介于这两者之间的报纸 Britishmajornewspapers TheTimesFinancialTimesTheGuardianTheTelegraphDailyExpressDailyMailDailyStarMorningStarTheSun 泰晤士报 金融时报 卫报 每日电讯报 每日快报 每日邮报 每日明星报 太阳报 晨星报 Britishmajornewsmagazines WeeklyNewsTheSpectatorTribunePunchFinancePrivateEyeListenerNewStatesmanandSociety 每周新闻 旁观者 论坛 笨拙 金融 周刊 私探 双周刊 听众 新政治家和社会 Now watchaCNNvideoclipforrelaxation MajorNewsAgencies A P AssociatedPress UPI UnitedPressInternational Reuters Reuter sNewsAgency PA PressAssociation DPAAFPANSA 美国 美联社 美国 合众社 英国 路透社 英国 报纸联合社 德国 德新社 法国 法新社 意大利 安莎社 Majorproviderofnewsfornewspapers radiosandTVstations MajorNewsAgencies 美英通讯社简介西方报纸 电台和电视等新闻 许多都是由通讯社提供的 下面介绍的是英美四大通讯社 1 AP abbrev AssociatedPress 美国 美联社 成立于1848年 总部设在纽约市 1976年就已有1 181家美国日报和约3 462家广播电台和电视台接受该社提供的新闻服务 现在它是世界最大的通讯社 2 UPI abbrev UnitedPressInternational 美国 合众国际社 成立于1907年 它开创了一些重要的新闻报道业务 如它于1925年开办了新闻图片等服务 在20世纪70年代末 该社就为100多个国家的4 503家客户服务 它有250多个分社向外提供新闻 3 Reuters abbrev Reuter sNewsAgency 英国 路透社 1851年由路透 PaulJuliusReuter 创建 总部设在伦敦 它是一家商业性通讯社 20世纪60年代以来 它播发经其压缩的来自诸如中国等国的新闻报道 美国也有几十家报纸定购该社的新闻 现在其业务已遍及全球150多个国家 该社拥有91个国家14 800名职员 1 800名记者 138个分社 4 PA abbrev PressAssociation 英国 报纸联合社 它通过该社的新闻 PANews 体育 PASport 和数据设计 PADataDesign 这三家公司而成为英国的全国新闻社 为报纸 广播电台和电视台提供全方位的新闻和信息服务 Newspapercontents Sections 报刊内容与版面编排一般而言 英美报刊常见的新闻报道中有以下这几方面读者感兴趣的内容 1 政治与政府 politicsandgovernment 2 灾难 disasters 3 犯罪与诉讼 crimeandcourts 4 商业 business 5 罢工 示威游行及纠纷 strikes demonstratesanddisputes 6 战争和恐怖主义活动 warandterrorism 7 环境 environment 8 名人 famouspeople 9 体育 sports 10 娱乐 entertainments Newspapercontents Sections NewsFeaturesSportsBusinessEditorial OP EdClassifiedsScienceandTechnologyLifeHealthEntertainment 新闻版 专题报道版 特写 体育版 财经版 社论版 专栏版 分类广告版 科技版 生活版 医疗保健版 娱乐版 ReadingExercises Passage1KerryBlastsBushIraq mistake DemocratpresidentialhopefulJohnKerryhasaccusedPresidentBushoffailingtodoenoughtogettheworldsupportneededtowinpeaceinIraq InaweeklyradioaddresstoDemocratsMr KerrysaidtheBushadministrationhastochangeitsstrategyinIraq ThismonthhasseenasurgeofviolenceandkidnappingsofforeignersinIraq includinganAmericansoldier Jordan sKingAbdullahhassaidthepresenceofUStroopsinIraqhasledtogreatanimosityintheArab TheKing intheUSfortalkswithMr Bush saidthefeeling beingfelttowardtheUnitedStatesaroundtheregionandaroundtheworldisnotahealthyone Stubborn ReadingExercises Meanwhile Mr KerrycalledforanewUN backedmissiontohelprebuildIraq withaNatosecurityforceunderUScommandkeepingorder Thepresidentmaynotwanttoadmitmistakes buthischoicesinIraqhavesofarproducedatragedyoferrors hesaid Stayingthecoursedoesnotmeanstubbornlyholdingtothewrongcourse Intheaddress tapedinPittsburgh onFriday headded Thefailureoftheadministrationtointernationalizetheconflicthaslostustime momentumandcredibilityandmadeAmericalesssafe Accordingto theBBC sJannatJalil inWashington thisisanattemptbyJohnKerry justsevenmonthsbeforeanelectionthat stooclosetocall toshowhowhewoulddealwiththemountingviolenceandcasualtiesinIraq ReadingExercises ChoosetheCorrectAnswer1Whoisthearticleabout A GeorgeW BushB KingAbdullahC JohnKerryD JannatJalil2 HowdidKerrymakehisstatements A inaweeklyradioaddressB inanexclusiveinterviewC onalatenighttalkshowD onaweb basedinterview3KingAbullah isthekingofwhatcountry IraqB AfghanistansC JordanD Syria ReadingExercises ChoosetheCorrectAnswer4 Thekingbelievesthat A peopleintheMiddle eastadoreAmericansB middle easternpeoplewelcomethepresenceofAmericansoldiersC violenceandkidnappingsarenotimportantD thepresenceofUStroopshascausedgreatresentmentamongMiddle easternpeople 5Animositymeanswhat A animal likeB hostilityC adorationD happiness6Asynonymforstubborniswhat A pig headedB craftyC wiseD open minded7WheredidKerryrecordhisaddress A WashingtonD C B SanFranciscoC PittsburgD Fallujah ReadingExercises ChoosetheCorrectAnswer8 TheelectionforthepresidentoftheUSisdescribedasbeing tooclosetocall whatdoesthismean A TheelectionwillhappensoonB bothsideshaveanequalchanceofwinningC bettingontheresultsisnotallowedDtheelectionwillhappeninRichmond9 Mr KerryreferstoUSTroops keepingorder whatdoeshemean A maintainingapeacefulsocietyB givingorderstoIraqipeopleC makinglistsandfilesD noneoftheabove KeystoArticle1 CACDBACBA TheMajorDifficultiesofReadingEnglishNewspapers 1 thespecialwritingstylewhichoftengoesagainstthenormalgrammarwillposegreatobstacleforlearnersbecauseitalwaysstrivestocontaintherichestinformationinasfewwordsaspossible TheMajorDifficultiesofReadingEnglishNewspapers 2 NewsEnglishisrichinpuns 双关 overtones 弦外之音 andvariouswordgamesbymeansofpolysemy 一词多义 synonym 同义词 andantinomy 反义词 TheMajorDifficultiesofReadingEnglishNewspapers 3 Westernjournalistsliketoquotetheclassicsintheirreports solackofnecessaryculturalbackgroundknowledgewillleadtoconfusion Example Sofar theEuropeanCommissioniswaryof 谨慎的 encouragingGypsiestopresentthemselvesasanation Thatmight itisfeared openaPandora sboxalreadycontainingBasques Corsicansandotherawkwardpeoples TheEconomist Basques巴斯克人 居住在西班牙北部比利牛斯山区 曾多次举行大规模游行示威要求脱离西班牙政府 实行自治 Example Sofar theEuropeanCommissioniswaryofencouragingGypsiestopresentthemselvesasanation Thatmight itisfeared openaPandora sboxalreadycontainingBasques Corsicansandotherawkwardpeoples TheEconomist Corsicans科西嘉人 科西嘉岛是地中海中的岛屿 1769年被强行并入法国领土 拿破仑一世的出生地 自从被侵占后 科西嘉人从未停止民族独立运动 Example Sofar theEuropeanCommissioniswaryofencouragingGypsiestopresentthemselvesasanation Thatmight itisfeared openaPandora sboxalreadycontainingBasques Corsicansandotherawkwardpeoples TheEconomist Pandora sbox潘多拉之魔盒 典出希腊神话 比喻 灾难之源 或 由于不明智的干预而引起许多难以解决的复杂问题 Example TheideaofMarchloomsasacrucialtime PollsterRichardWirthlinandCounsellorEdMeesehavewarnedthepresidentthatjustaboutnowPresidentCarterbegantoyieldtooutsideclamor Helosthispowerthroughretreat 退却 andvacillation 动摇犹豫 Time ideaofMarch 指古罗马日历的三月十五日 比喻 危险即将来临的日期 典出莎士比亚悲剧JuliusCaesar 裘力斯 恺撒 EssentialTechniquesforReadingEnglishNews 1 FamiliaritywithnewsEnglishvocabulary EssentialTechniquesforReadingEnglishNews example run race juice measure Speaker chemistry establishment takeawalk gofishing highprofile dry wet Heblinked I mafamilyman maymeanrespectivelyindailyEnglish 跑 竞赛 汁 措施 发言人 化学 建立 散步 去钓鱼 高姿态 干 湿 他眨了眨眼 和 我是一个有家室的人 EssentialTechniquesforReadingEnglishNews example run race juice measure Speaker chemistry establishment takeawalk gofishing highprofile dry wet Heblinked I mafamilymanmaymeanrespectivelyindailyEnglish ButinnewsEnglishthesewordsmaymeanrespectively 竞选 竞选 神通 议案 议长 人际 关系 权势集团 退党 与党离心离德 引人注目或公开的 英国保守党中的 强硬派 温和派 他顶不住而退让了 和 我是一个治家有方 治国有道的人 EssentialTechniquesforReadingEnglishNews 2 Accumulationofvariousworldknowledgeishighlyimportant Example RepublicansnarrowlyretainedcontroloftheHouseinNovember ThenewSenatewillbesplit50 50 andwillincludeMr Lieberman Butanytieswillbebrokenbythenewvicepresident Mr Cheney TheInternationalHeraldTribune 在十一月大选后组成的新一届国会中 共和党仍勉强控制着众议院 在参议院 两党平分秋色 各占50席 而且民主党议员中还包括落选的副总统候选人利伯曼 然而 如果在表决中票数相等而出现相持不下的局面时 新任副总统切尼先生会打破这种僵局 Example RepublicansnarrowlyretainedcontroloftheHouseinNovember ThenewSenatewillbesplit50 50 andwillincludeMr Lieberman Butanytieswillbebrokenbythenewvicepresident Mr Cheney TheInternationalHeraldTribune 美国宪法规定 参议院主席 PresidentoftheSenate 一职由副总统兼任 在表决出现相持不下的局面时 他才有投票权 ReadingExercises EUexpansion TheendofthebeginningBBC News April5 2004ByJamesArnorldItmaysmackofclich topointoutthatexpansionoftheEuropeanUnionisnottheendofaprocessbutratherastationalongtheway Forthepastdecadeabatchof mainlyex communist Europeanstateshavebeenreturningtheirlaws upgradingtheirbureaucracies sellingoffstatepropertyandgenerallyaligningtheireconomiesascloselyaspossibletoEUnorms TheirentryintotheEUisasignthatthisprocesshasbeensuccessful Butonlyyup yes toapoint Withafewslickexceptions CentralEuropedoesnotlookorfeelWesternyet andthedeeperyoudigintotheregion spoliticalandeconomicstructurethemoreobviousitbecomesthattheprocessofcatchinguphasbarelybegun ReadingExercises Labourmarketsarearguablythebest knownareaofconcern Theissuerunsmuchdeeperthanthecurrentmigrationscarcity however Inthelongerterm CentralEuropeistornbetweentwoconflictingworries thatBrussels mandatedderegulationcouldcostthousandsofjobs andthatfussyGermen styleLabourrulecouldputoffinvestorswhovaluetheregion sflexibilityandlowcosts Mosttricky andarguablyleastpublicized ofallistheregion sprogresstowardsadoptingtheeuro CentralEuropeiskeenontheeuro somearepeggedtoit Theeurozone sfiscalandmonetarycriteriaarenottoomuchofastretchformostnewmembers especiallysincetherewillbeatleastanothertwoyearsbeforetheycanjoin AndCentralEurope sextensivetradelinkswiththeWestareseenasanindicatorthatitseconomiesareinlockstep ReadingExercises ChoosetheCorrectAnswer1 Whatdoestheheadlinemean a Thatthegoal theend isbeginningtohappenb ThebeginningmomentoftheEUexpansionisendingc TheEUisbeginningtoendd ThefinalexpansionoftheEUiscomplete2 Whydoesthewritersay maysmackofclich a itmightseemunimportantb Thestatementmaybeobviousc Hisstatementisnotaclich d Hisarticlemightbeboring3 HowhavethenationsofCentralEuropebeenaligningthemselveswithEUNorms a revisinglawsandregulationsb modernizinggovernmentalorganizationsc sheddinggovernmentownedrealestatesd alloftheabove ReadingExercises ChoosetheCorrectAnswer4 WhydoesCentralEuropeattractinvestors a flexibilityandlow costb prevalenceofsmokestackindustriesc German styledlabourrulesd Highunemployment5 Thephrase couldputoffinvestors whatisasynonymfor putoff a attractb placec takeawayd repel6 CentralEuropeancountriesare a eagertohavetheeuroastheircurrency b afraidtolosetheirnationalcurrencies c devotedtotheideasofnationalismassymbolizedbynationalcurrenciesd indifferenttotheeuro ReadingExercises ChoosetheCorrectAnswer7 HowlongbeforeCentralEuropemayjointheeurozone a immediatelyb uponjoiningtheEUc in2006d theycannot8 Anotherwaytosay thedeeperyoudig a higheryouclimbb themoreyouinvestigatec longeryouthinkd fatheryouwalk9Whatare smokestackindustries a industriesthatmakesmokestacksb industriesthatlooklikesmokestacksc Heavilypollutingindustriesd nuclearreactors KeystoArticle2 bbdadacbc ReadingExercise Rupeesinksagainstdollar KhozemMerchant Bombay Directions ReadthefollowingnewsarticlesandtrytogetthegeneralfeaturesofNewsEnglish TheIndianrupeesanktoanall timelowagainsttheUSdollaryesterdayafterconcernsovertherisingpriceofoil thecountry scostliestimport Oilpriceshavetouched10 yearhighsinrecentdays TheNepalirupee whichisfixedagainsttheIndiancurrency alsofelltoafreshlowagainstthedollar TheIndianrupeehasweakenedbyabout6 6percentsinceJanuary TheReserveBankofIndia RBI triedtocalmthemarketsbutasinlastmonth sboutofrupeenervousness theimpactofthecentralbank sattemptstoreassuremarketswasshort lived Afterabriefspurt therupeeweakenedfollowingtheRBI sassurancesthatdomesticoilcompanies foreignexchangesneedswouldbefullymet ReadingExercise Readingtwo ColombianSenttoU S forDrugTrial BOGOTA Colombia TheallegedleaderofoneofC