2011年高考英语作文热点素材必背.doc

2011年全国高考英语作文热点素材词汇（背诵版）话题一：中学生的爱好与兴趣Spare time(业余时间), favorite(最喜欢的), Interest(兴趣), hobby(爱好), appetite(嗜好),taste(口味), read novels(也小说), play football/basketball(打足球/篮球), surf the internet(上网), chat online(在线聊天), play games(玩游戏), collect stamps(集邮),makee-friends(交网友), climb mountains(爬山), watch TV(看电视), enjoy popular music(喜欢流行音乐),be interested in(对感兴趣), develop an interest in(在方面发展兴趣), be fond of(喜欢),be keen on(喜欢), have love for(喜爱), have a taste in(对有兴趣) 等。话题二：劳动与劳动观念 Work(工作), be at work(在工作), work hard(努力工作), produce(生产), worker(工人), labor force(劳动力), labor(劳动), voluntary labor(义务劳动)，serve the people(为人民服务)，heart and soul(全心全意)，physical labor(体力劳动), mental labor(脑力劳动), labor viewpoint(劳动观念), labor Day(劳动节), workday(工作日), means of labor(劳动方式), honorable(光荣的), be devoted to(奉献于.), value(价值), earn money(赚钱) , personal interests(个人利益)等。话题三：创建和谐社会harmonious(和谐的), friendly(友好的), civilized(文明的), honest(真诚的), credible (诚信的), be public-spirited(有公德心的), balanced(平衡的), be in order(有序的), peaceful(和平的), live in harmony(生活和谐), sustainable development(可持续发展)等，help each ether(互助), care for each other(互相关心), have deep love for (热爱), be concerned with (关心), build(创建), cherish(珍惜), take an active part in(积极参与), pay attention to social moral(讲究社会公德), protect the environment(保护环境), save energy(节省能源)等。No pains, no gains. 不劳无获。can be achieved by hard wok. 可以通过劳动获得。It is difficult to find work in the present situation. 在当前形势下，很难找到工作。It is honorable to 是光荣的。If everyone for others and the society, our world will be 如果每个人为他人和社会做， 我们这个世界将会。Every one should and shoul devote himself to building our motherland into a strong one.每个人应该 ，为把我们祖国建设成为一个强壮的国家而奉献自己的力量。话题四：招聘与求职employ(雇佣), look for(寻找), take in(吸纳), full-time(全职的), part-time(兼职的), well-paid(薪水高的), be paid by the hour(按小时发工资), requirement(要求), rsum(个人履历),schooling(受教育情况), subjects(课程), working experience(工作经历), qualification(合格证明), transcript (成绩单), health(健康状况), present address(现在通讯地址)等，apply for(申请), graduate from(毕业于), major in(以为专业), degree(学位), scholarship(奖学金), good grades(良好的成绩), hobby(爱好), favorite(最喜欢的), be skilled in(在方面熟练), be good at(擅长), experienced(有经验的), confident(自信的), English and computer ability(英语和计算机能力), healthy(健康的)等。话题五：中学生的健康问题Physical and mental condition(身体与精神状态), strong(强壮的), un/healthy(不健康/健康的), overweight/fat(肥胖的), thin(瘦的), near/short-sighted(近视的), mentally unhealthy(精神不健全的), normal(正常的), abnormal(不正常的), energetic(精力旺盛的), unhealthy eating habit(不健康的饮食习惯), eat much junk food (吃太多的垃圾食品)等，Stay/keep healthy/fit(保持健康), build up ones body/ improve ones health(强身健体), enough sleep(充足的睡眠), take regular exercise(进行有规律的运动), roper diet(合理的饮食), good living habits(良好的生活习惯), lose weight(减肥), remove heavy burdens(减轻负担), be good for/do good to(对有益处), nutrition(营养), go on diet(节食), form a eating habit(养成一个的饮食习惯) Breathe in as much fresh air等。 话题六：环境保护Pollute（污染），Waste is scattering here and there.（到处撒满了废弃物），protect the environment(保护环境) ，send out smoke and poisonous gases into the air（散发出烟和有毒气体），cut down trees(砍伐树木)， pour waste water into the rivers（把废水注入河流），It is a shame to throw rubbish around. （乱扔垃圾是可耻的），form good habits to protect the surroundings（养成良好的习惯来保护环境）， take active measures to protect rare animals(采取积极措施保护稀有动物)， take good care of our forests（关心我们的森林），plant more trees to improve the environment （多植来改善环境），The terrible pollution have done great harm to us as well as to the surroundings. (可怕的污染已经给我们自己还有我们的环境带来了很大的危害。)话题七：校园文明与安全问题School rules and regulations(学校规章制度),obey(遵守), observe(遵守), keep/observe discipline(遵守纪律), behave well(表现良好),be neatly dressed(穿戴整洁), respect ones teachers and parents(尊敬师长), be on time(准时), keep the environment clean(保持环境干净), civilized(文明的) break the rules(违反规章制度), discipline(纪律), spit(吐痰), throw rubbish everywhere(乱扔垃圾), cheat in the exam(考试作弊), get in line (插队), fight with sb.(与打架), punish sb. for (因处罚某人)等。The students are told not to break any of the rules of the school. 学校要求学生不要违反任何规章制度。The students are expected to 学校期望学生。It must be made clear that the students should 必须明确的一点是，学生应该。 is of no good to a friendly and harmonious society. 对创建友好和谐的社会是毫无益处的。It is honorable to obey the principles and rules of our school.遵守学校的规章制度是光荣的。It is worthy of praise to . 是值得表扬的。It is shameful to 是可耻的。What we should do is that 我们应该做的事情是话题八：友谊get to know sb.(认识某人), know sb. really well(熟知某人), make friends with sb.(和某人交朋友), a strong personality (一个很强的个性), personal matters(隐私), friendship(友谊), friendly(友好的), a close friend(一个亲密的朋友), trust each other (相互信任), precious(珍贵的), worthy(有价值的), understanding(通情达理的), share with sb.(与分享), be loyal to(对忠诚), keep in touch with sb. (与保持联系), keep company with sb.(和结交), stay best friends with sb. (和保持很好的友谊)等。在描述此话题时常用的句型有：Friends give us 朋友给予我们。A good friend is someone you can 一位好朋友就是一个我们能够的人。The first time I met , he was 当我第一次遇到的时候，他。Friendship plays an important part in 友谊在中扮演一个重要角色。You can to be a good friend. 你可以来成为别人的好朋友。We can turn to . when we feel down. 当我们心情糟糕时，可以求助于。 makes a good friend. 成就好朋友。A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真知。. is one of the things people value most in a friend. 是人们在朋友身上最重视的东西。 have a friend of years with sb. 与 有着年的友情。选修7Unit 1Living well要 点 梳 理 高效梳理知识备考重点单词1disability n伤残；无力；无能disabled adj.伤残的2ambition n雄心；野心ambitious adj.有雄心的；有野心的3suitable adj.适合的；适宜的suit v适合；使适宜4beneficial adj.有益的；受益的benefit v. & n利益5clumsy adj.笨拙的6adapt vt.使适应；改编adaptation n适应；改编7absence n缺席；不在某处absent adj.缺席的；不在的8annoy vt.使不悦；惹恼annoyed adj.颇为生气的annoyance n烦恼9firm n公司 adj.结实的；坚固的；坚定的10encouragement n鼓励；奖励encourage v鼓励11conduct n行为；品行 vt.指挥；管理；主持12resign vi. & vt.辞职；辞去(工作、职位等)13congratulate vt.祝贺；庆祝congratulation n祝贺14adequate adj.足够的，充分的15access n(接近的)方法；通路；可接近性accessible adj.可接近的；可进入的；可使用的16approval n赞成；认可17dignity n尊严；高贵的品质重点短语1in other words换句话说 2adapt to 适合3cut out 切去；省略；停止(做某事) 4out of breath 上气不接下气5all in all 总而言之 6sit around 闲坐着 7as well as 和；也 8in many ways 在很多方面9make fun of 取笑 10never mind 不必担心11all the best (口语)(祝你)一切顺利 12meet with 遇到，经历；会晤重点句型1I used to climb trees, swim and play football.我过去常爬树、游泳、踢足球。2As well as going to the movies and football matches with my friends, I spend a lot of time with my pets.我会同我的朋友一起去看电影和足球比赛，此外，我还花很多时间和我的宠物在一起。3Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do.接受他们，给予他们鼓励，让他们能像你一样过得丰富多彩、充实美满。4I read in the newspaper today that you are to be the architect for the new Bankstown cinema.今天我从报上了解到，你将成为班克斯敦新电影院的建筑设计师。高考范文(2008上海)你班将组队参加学校组织的集体舞比赛(group dancing competition)，班长希望大家积极参加。对此谈谈你的想法。你的文章必须包括以下内容：你是否会参加比赛你作出该决定的具体理由_范文 As is known to us all, there will be a group dancing competition in our school next month. Of course, our class will not miss it. Our monitor called on all of us to take an active part in it. Personally thinking, a group dance is quite a good form of entertainment as well as exercise, which brings us not only mental benefits but physical ones. Besides, dancing a group dance calls for teamwork, one of the qualities we will need for our future careers. Thirdly, by practising it, our classmates can develop a better relationship between each other, helping each other and encouraging each other. Last but not the least, this is a good chance for us to win honor for our class. For all the reasons above, I have decided to join in it. I want to prove to be an honor to the class.考 点 探 究 互动探究能力备考.词汇短语过关1adapt vt. 使适应；改编adaptable adj. 适应性强的；可改编的adaptation n. 适应；改编adapt oneself to. 使自己适应于(to为介词)adapt to.适应于adapt sth. for. 把某物改编为adapt sth. from. 根据改编某物即学即练1(1)This novel has been _ _ radio _ the Russian original.这部小说已由俄文原著改编成无线电广播节目。(2)Our eyes slowly _ _ the dark.我们的眼睛慢慢地适应了黑暗(的环境)。adapted for from Adapted to(3)She _ herself quickly _ the new climate.她很快适应了这种新的气候。Adapted to辨析：adapt/adjust/fit/suit/match(1)adapt 指“经过修改或改变以后适应新的条件”。(2)adjust 指“调整，调节，使之适应”。(3)fit 指“大小合适”，引申为“吻合”。(4)suit 指“合乎要求、口味、性格、情况”。(5)match 指“大小、色调、形状、性质等相配或相称”。2annoy vt. 使不悦；惹恼annoyance n. 烦恼，烦恼的事物annoyed adj. 颇为生气的，烦恼的annoying adj. 使人颇为生气或烦恼的annoy sb. with sth./by doing sth. 因(做)某事使某人烦恼be annoyed with sb. 对某人生气for/at/about sth./sb. 因某事/某人而生气that/to do sth. 做某事而生气 即学即练2(1)She _ _ _ your saying that.你说了那些话，使她很生气。(2)She _ never _ _ me.她从不跟我生气。Was annoyed at is annoyed with(3)I hope you wont _ _ _ all my questions.我希望我所有的这些问题不会使你烦恼。(4)The mosquitoes _ me so much that I couldnt sleep. 蚊子搅得我难以入睡。Be annoyed by annyoed3. conduct v引导；指挥；进行；传导n行为，品行conduct sb. around (show sb. around)带领某人参观conduct sb. in/out/to the door 领某人进来/出来/到门口conduct oneself (behave oneself)表现；举止conduct state affairs 处理国事conduct electricity 导电conduct ( do/make/perform/carry out) an experiment做实验conduct a concert 指挥音乐会a man of good conduct 品行端正的人the rules of conduct 行为准则即学即练3(1)A guide _ the visitors _ the museum.导游带领游客参观博物馆。(2)Copper _ _ better than other materials do.铜的导电性能比其他材料好。Conducted around conducts electricity(3)The concert on Wednesday evening will _ _ _ a worldfamous conductor.星期三晚上的音乐会将由一位世界著名指挥家指挥。be conducted by(4)I asked the attendant to _ him _ the door/conduct him out. 我让服务员领他到门口/领他出去。(5)How did the prisoner _ _？那犯人表现如何？Conduct to conduct himself4resign v. 辞职；放弃(工作、职位等)resignation n. 放弃，辞职resign from. 辞去职务resign oneself to. 使听从resign sb. to. 把某人交托给resign oneself to extinction 束手待毙即学即练4(1)She _ the committee.她辞去了委员会的职务。(2)He _ because he had been offered a better job. 他辞职了，因为他有了更好的工作。(3)The team refused to _ themselves _ defeat.该队不甘失败。resigned from resigned his post resign to5congratulate vt. 祝贺；庆贺congratulation n. 祝贺，恭喜congratulate sb. on sth. 祝贺某人某事congratulate oneself on sth. 感到自豪；暗自庆幸congratulations to sb. on sth. 向某人祝贺某事Congratulations! (口语)祝贺你！offer sb. congratulations on. 向某人祝贺某事即学即练5(1)I want to _ you _ all my heart _ your passing the college entrance examination.我衷心地祝贺你通过高考。(2)Well, _ that you resisted the temptation.嗨！庆幸你抵住了诱惑。Congratulate with on congratulate yourself(3)_ you _ winning the prize!祝贺你获奖！Congratulations to on6access n. (接近的)方法；通道；可接近性accessible adj. 可接近的；可进入的；可使用的be easy/hard of access 容易/难接近have/gain/get/obtain access to 得以接近，得以会见，得以进入，得以使用give access to 接见，准许出入be accessible to 能接近，可使用即学即练6(1)Only a few people _ the full facts of the case.只有少数几个人能看到有关该案的全部事实的材料。(2)The only _ their house is along that narrow road. 只有沿着那条狭窄的路走才能到达他们的房子。have access to access to(3)A manager should _ his staff.一个管理人员应该让职员感到平易近人。(4)The village is not _.那个村子汽车无法抵达。be accessible to accessible by car7. in other words 换句话说 in a/one word 简言之；总之in so many words 明确地；直截了当地 word for word 逐字地break ones word 失信、食言 keep ones word 遵守诺言give sb. ones word 对某人许下诺言 have a word with sb. 与某人说句话have words with sb. 与某人争吵即学即练7(1)Beethoven wrote many worldfamous musical compositions. _， he was a great musician.贝多芬写过许多世界著名的乐曲。换句话讲，他是一位伟大的音乐家。In other words(2)Be careful! Curt often doesnt _.小心点儿！科特经常不遵守他的诺言。(3)_， we must try our best to do the work.总之，我们必须尽最大努力来做这项工作。keep his word In a word(4)Would you like to _ me?你想跟我谈一谈吗？have a word with8out of breath上气不接下气 catch/hold ones breath屏息lose ones breath喘不过气来 out of sight看不见out of cash钱用光了 out of control失控out of date过期 out of fashion不再流行out of order出毛病 out of work失业out of patience不能忍受 out of question没问题；无疑；毫无疑问out of the question不可能的；办不到的即学即练8(1)I was _ after running for the bus.我因为追公共汽车，累得上气不接下气。(2)He ran _ by then.那时他跑得喘不过气来。out of breath out of breath(3)Some popular songs go _ soon.有些流行歌曲很快就不再流行了。(4)This medicine is _.这药已过期了。(5)You cant go to the wedding party in that old shirtits quite _.你不能穿着那件旧衬衣去参加婚礼这是绝对不行的。out of fashion out of date out of the question9make fun of 取笑have fun (doing sth.) (在做某事中)获得乐趣get fun out of doing sth. 通过做某事获得乐趣for/in fun 闹着玩；开玩笑be full of fun 很顽皮；很爱开玩笑Its fun to do sth. 做某事很有趣。Theres (no) fun in/doing sth. 做某事(没)有趣。即学即练9(1)People _ her because she wears such a strange hat.人们取笑她，因为她戴了一顶这么奇怪的帽子。(2)Its wrong of the other children to _ you.其他孩子取笑你是错误的。(3)We _ at the party.我们在聚会中玩得很痛快。make fun of make fun of had a lot of fun(4)Children _ dressing in old peoples clothes. 孩子们穿着大人的衣服嬉闹，感到很好玩。(5)The little dogs _. 那只小狗很顽皮。get fun out of full of fun.重点句型详解1As_well_as going to the movies and football matches with my friends, I spend a lot of time with my pets.除了和朋友们去看电影、足球比赛之外，我也会花很多的时间和我的宠物一起玩耍。 as well as译为“也，和一起”，在此句中相当于besides。注意as well as在使用时的主谓一致。(1)既又；也；以及；同一样He gave me clothes as well as food. 他既给我食物，又给我衣服。This factory produces cars as well as trucks. 这个工厂既生产卡车也生产小汽车。(2)as well as可以用于同级比较。“和一样好”，修饰动词。She sings as well as she plays. 她弹得好，唱得也好。He speaks French as well as English. 他英语和法语讲得一样好。(3)A as well as B结构做主语时，谓语动词的数要与A保持一致。The teacher as well as his students is doing an experiment in the lab.老师和他的学生正在实验室里做实验。The students as well as their teacher are doing an experiment in the lab. 学生们和他们的老师正在实验室里做实验。拓展：as well单独使用于句尾表示“也”“既，又”，但是不能用于否定句。He speaks English as well.他也讲英语。He is a professor and a writer as well. 他是一位教授，也是一个作家。即境活用1The father as well as his three children _ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.Ais goingBgo Cgoes Dare going 答案：C解析：as well asn./pron.短语结构不影响句子的主谓关系，即句子的主语应是the father; 由every Sunday afternoon in winter可知应用一般现在时态。2Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to live as_rich and full a_life_as you do.接受现实的他们并给予他们鼓励，让他们能像你们一样过得丰富多彩、充实美满。as.as 引导状语从句，两个 as之间可以是 adj./adv. 也可以是n.，如果涉及数量可以用 as much/manyn. as.，或者 asadj.an/an. as.，此结构还可与 twice, three times, half 等倍数连用。 This is as good an example as the other is. 这是一个像另一个一样好的例子。I can carry as much paper as you can. 你能拿多少纸，我也能拿多少。拓展：as.as., not so.as., so.that., too.to/for, how 如果与单数可数名词连用，它们的顺序一律是：as/so/too/howadj.a(an)n.This is too long a journey for me. 这是一个对我来说太长的旅程。She is so lovely a girl that everyone likes her. 她是那样一个可爱的女孩，以至于每个人都喜欢她。How hot a day it is! 多么热的一天啊！即境活用2You know nursing is _ a way of life.Aas a much job as Bas much a job as Cas job a much as Da job as much as 答案：B解析：考查 asadj.an. as结构。易 错 点 拨 自我完善误区备考1.annoy/bother/disturb/trouble(1)annoy强调因被迫忍受令人不快、讨厌的事而失去平静或耐心，多指一时的打扰或恼怒。(2)bother指使人烦恼而引起的紧张不安或感到不耐烦。(3)disturb较正式用词，多用于被动语态。指扰乱，使人不能平静或妨碍别人工作、思维或正常秩序，是程度较深的烦恼。(4)trouble指给人在行动上带来不便或在身心上造成痛苦。应用1(1)Pardon me for _ you with such a small matter.(2)It really _ me when people forgot to say thank you.(3)I am sorry to _ you, but can you tell me how to get to the station?(4)The accident _ all their plans.Bothering annoyed trouble disturbed2. congratulate/celebrate两者的中文意思很接近，但在英语中却有所不同。(1)congratulate意思是“祝贺、道贺”，只能用人做宾语，若要表明所祝贺的事情，后面要用on(upon)连接，构成congratulate sb. on(upon) sth.。(2)celebrate意思是举行仪式、典礼的“庆祝”，只能用事(节日、胜利、成功等)做宾语。构成celebrate sth.。应用2(1)We had a party to _ parents silver wedding.我们举行宴会庆祝父母的银婚纪念日。(2)We _ her on winning the contest. 比赛中获胜。(3)They will _ your birthday next week. 周为你庆祝生日。Celebrate ulated ate高 效 作 业 自我测评技能备考.单词拼写1The young man with a d_ was given the chance to work in the company.2His c_ fingers couldnt untie the knot.3Its amazing how soon you a_.4The negotiations have been c_ in a positive manner.5She offered me practical a_ with my research.disabilityclumsy adapt conducted assistance6One of his _ (雄心) is to become a musician.7_ (祝贺) to you on your success!8He is a _(同伴) of mine on the journey.9The remote desert area is _ (可进入) only by helicopter.10He found the climate there _(有益的) to his illness.ambitions Congratulations fellow/companion accessible beneficial .单项选择1Im entering for an 800meter race._.ACongratulationsBEnjoy yourself CGood l