《被动语态综合复习》PPT课件.ppt

被动语态综合复习 重庆市铝城中学廖小康 被动语态 ThePassiveVoice 1 主动语态和被动语态 英语动词有两种语态 即主动语态 TheActiveVoice 和被动语态 ThePassiveVoice 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 如 ManystudentsstudyEnglish 主动语态 Englishisstudiedbymanystudents 被动语态 被动语态 当主语为动作的承受者时 用被动语态 结构 be 动词过去分词 1 Wecleantheclassroomeveryday Theclassroomiscleaned byus 2 Teachersallowstudentstoweartheirownclothes Studentsareallowed byteachers toweartheirownclothes 一般现在时 一般现在时 被动语态的用法 1 只知道动作的承受者 如 Anotewaspasseduptothespeaker 2 强调动作的承受者 如 TabletennisisplayedalloverChina 3 不需要指出动作的发出者 如 AnotherbridgehasbeenbuiltacrosstheChangjiangRiver 2 被动语态的结构 被动语态由 助动词be 实义动词的过去分词 构成 助动词be有人称 数的变化 其变化规则与be作为连系动词时一样 如 Thedeskismadeofwood Thedesksaremadeofwood Heisaskedaquestionbytheteacher Iwasgivenanicepresentbymyfriendyesterday 被动语态的基本结构 be PP 动词的过去分词 一般现在时 v be PP amisare Ourclassroomiscleanedeveryday Iamaskedtostudyhard Knivesareusedforcuttingthings PP be PP 动词的过去分词 被动语态的基本结构 一般过去时 S 动词的过去式 waswere PP Iwasinvitedtotheconcert 我应邀参加了音乐会 Carswereinventedin1885 汽车是在1885年发明的 被动语态的基本结构 be PP 动词的过去分词 一般将来时 will V be PP 动词的过去分词 1 Anewhospitalwillbebuiltinourcity 2 Manymoretreeswillbeplantednextyear 被动语态的基本结构 be PP 动词的过去分词 现在进行时 be Ving being PP 动词的过去分词 Thisquestionisbeingdiscussedatthemeeting 这个问题正在会上讨论 Manytreesarebeingcutdown 许多树正在被砍伐 amisare 被动语态的基本结构 be PP 动词的过去分词 过去进行时 was were Ving being PP 动词的过去分词 WhenIcalled teawasbeingserved 我来访时 正值上茶之际 WhenIcameback theboywasbeingbeaten 我回来时 有人正打男孩呢 被动语态的基本结构 be PP 动词的过去分词 现在完成时 have has PP been PP 动词的过去分词 Mycarhasbeenrepaired 2 Thisbookhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages 3 Manyman madesatelliteshavebeensentupintospacebymanycoutries 被动语态的基本结构 be PP 动词的过去分词 过去完成时 had PP been PP 动词的过去分词 Tomlookedatthelanternsthathadbeenlightedandplacedneartheopening 汤姆望着那些已经点着并放在洞口附近的提灯 Theportieresthathungacrossthefoldingdoorshadbeentakendownforthesummer 折门上面的门帘夏天已经取下来了 被动语态的基本结构 be PP 动词的过去分词 过去将来时 would V be PP 动词的过去分词 Hesaidthatthebridgewouldbebuiltnextyear 他说这座桥明年将建成 Anotherhalf hourandalldoorswouldbelocked 再过半小时 所有的门都要上锁 被动语态的基本结构 be PP 动词的过去分词 情态动词 V be PP 动词的过去分词 Thismustbedoneassoonaspossible 这件事必须尽快做 Thesestairsareverydangerous Theyshouldberepaired 这楼梯很危险 应该修理了 Crosstheroadverycarefully Lookbothways oryoumightbeknockeddown 过马路时要非常小心 要看两边 不然会被车撞倒的 含有情态动词的被动语态 1 Teenagersshouldbeallowedtogettheirearspierced 2 Thismustbedoneassoonaspossible 3 Itcanberepaired 结构 情态动词 be 动词过去分词 主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤 1把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语 2把动词变为被动形式即be 过去分词 并注意其人称和数随主语的变化 而动词的时态则保持不变 3原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现 注代词的宾格 如不需要则可省略 4其它的成分 定语 状语 不变 主动句与被动句之间的转换Weboughtsomebooks 主语谓语动词主动语态的过去式宾语Somebookswerebought byus 主语谓语动词被动语态的过去分词介词 宾语 Forexample I love English English isloved byme 如何将主动语态变为被动语态 ManypeoplespeakEnglish 主动语态 Englishisspokenbymanypeople 被动语态 Thenaughtyboybrokethewindowyesterday 主动语态 Thewindowwasbroken bythenaughtyboy yesterday 被动语态 Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays Theyshoulddoitatonce Itshouldbedoneatonce Allthepeoplelaughedathim Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople Theymakethebikesinthefactory Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory Hecutdownatree Atreewascutdownbyhim UncleWangismendingmybikenow MybikeisbeingrepairedbyTomnow Theyareplantingtreesoverthere Treesarebeingplantedovertherebythem Therearetwobookstoberead Therearetwomoretreestobeplanted Brucewritesalettereveryweek AletteriswrittenbyBruceeveryweek 2 LiLeimendedthebrokenbikethismorning ThebrokenbikewasmendedbyLiLeithismorning 3 Hehaswrittentwonovelssofar Twonovelshavebeenwrittenbyhimsofar 4 Theywillplanttentreestomorrow Tentreeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrow 5 Lucyiswritingaletternow AletterisbeingwrittenbyLucynow 6 Youmustlockthedoorwhenyouleave Thedoormustbelockedwhenyouleave 5 Exercises 一 选择填空 Windows ofglass bemadeB ismadeC aremadeD beenmade2 Thehouse in2004 isbuiltB isbuildingC wasbuiltD used3 Acoatcan forkeepingwarm beusedB isusedC beenusedD used C C A 4 Watches Shanghailastlong A aremadeinB ismadeC aremadefromD made5 Thisdeskismade wood A ofB fromC inD by6 Thethingsonshowwere theolddays A usedB usedtoC usedforD usedin7 Silk inHangzhouandSuzhou A isproducedB areproducedC producedD isproduces A A D A 1 Ourschool in2002 开办 2 Theyoungtreesmust well 照顾 3 thisbuilding 建成 lastyear 4 Thebook 写 byhimlastyear 5 Thebridge 不建造 in1989 6 The29thOlympicGameswill 举行 inBeijingin2008 wasopened belookedafter Was built waswritten wasn tbuilt beheld 将下列句子由主动句变为被动句或由被动句变为主动句 ZhengJieinventedthisspecialpen 变被动句 2 ThebikewasfixedupbyJimmy 变主动句 3 Peopleusesunglassestoprotecttheireyes 4 Teachersallowstudentstoputuphandsinclass ThisspecialpenwasinventedZhengJie Jimmyfixedupthebike Sunglassesareused bypeople toprotecteyes Studentsareallowed byteachers toputuphandsinclass 用所给动词的正确形式填空 1 Thebike fix upbyXiaoMingyesterday 2 Sunglasses use forprotectingpeople seyes 3 Apicture put upontheblackboard 4 French speak inFrance 5 Teenagersshould allow tochoosetheirownclothes wasfixed areused isput isspoken beallowed 练习一请把下列的主动句变为被动句 注意时态的一致 1Hewroteanarticlelastweek Anarticlewaswrittenbyhimlastweek 2Thepeoplemakehistory Historyismadebypeople 3DopeopleuseChineseonlyinChina IsChineseusedbypeopleonlyinChina 4Theydidn tvisitthecitytwoyearsago Thecitywasn tvisitedbythemtwoyearsago 5Wheredidyoumakethem Whereweretheymadebyyou 一用适当的形式填空1Historyis bythepeople make 2Heisoften todotheworkbytheteacher ask 3Thebook byhimlastyear write 4Theradio lastweek mend 5Sometrees onthehillthisspring plant 6Anewsubway build nextyear 7She take tothehospitalalready 8Thousandsofsatellites send upintothespacesofar 9Theysaidthey invite tothepartyalready 10Thetrains produce inZhuzhou 11Youngtreesshould water often made asked waswritten wasmended havebeenplanted willbebuilt hasbeentaken havebeensent hadbeeninvited areproduced bewatered MultipleChoice 1 Ifthework youcangoandplaygames A finishedB hasfinishedC willbefinishedD isfinished 2 Itwasrainingheavilyoutside thechildrenweremade intheclassroom 4 Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful rubbish intotheriver A needn tbethrownB mustn tbethrownC can tthrowD maynotthrow 5 Ilikemybike It verywell A ridesB isridingC isriddenD hasridden D B B A 3 Kate theletterbeforehermothercameintoherbedroom A haswrittenB waswrittenC hadwrittenD iswriting A stayB tostayC stayingD stayed C 6 Iwon tcometothepartyunlessTom too YoumeanifTomcomes you llcome 8 Thechildrenmust 9 Thewomanstilldoesn tknowwhat inherhometown D D B A willinviteB invitesC invitedD isinvited 7 EveryonewhoheardMr Green sstory it A laughedatB waslaughedC laughedD waslaughedat A A happensB happenedC willhappenD washappened whileshewasaway A lookafterB betakengoodcare C lookthesameD betakengoodcareof 10 Isawyouwereonfootthismorning Yes Mybike A ismendingB isbeingmended C ismendedD isbeingmending B 由不及物动词 介词或副词构成的被动语态 主动句主语 不及物动词 介词 宾语 被动句主语 原宾语 be 介词 by 原主语之宾格 Shelooksafterhergrandmother 主动句 Hergrandmotherislookedafterbyher 被动句 Myfriendslaughedatmeallthetime 主动句 Iwaslaughedatbymyfriendsallthetime 主动句 注 介词不能省略 及物动词 注意 在主动句中see watch hear make等后 宾语 动词原形的结构变为被动句时一律在seewatch hear make等后加上to 练习 1Wehearbirdssingeverymorning Birdsareheardtosingbyuseverymorning 2Hisfathermadehimstayathome Hewasmadetostayathomebyhisfather 其他 1 Ioftenhearhimsingsongsinthenextroom Heisoftenheardtosinginthenextroom 2 Thebossmakestheworkersworkfifteenhoursaday Theworkersaremadetoworkfift