大学体验英语综合教程4 unit 2 Passage B Cultural Differences.ppt

Unit2PassageBText ContentsSkimmingandScanningLanguagePointsReadingQuestionsReadingSkillPracticeTranslatingSkillPractice DecideTorForfillintheblanksafteryourfastreading 1 ThewriterwastoldtheRussianwasacrudepeople 2 ThewriterhaveknownRussianverywellin1993 3 ThewriterwenttoRussiantwice 4 InChile womenoftenkissnotonlywomenbutalsomenonthecheektoshowthegreetings F F F T Para1 Para1 Para6 Para12 5 InRussia whenamanpeelsabananaforwoman itmeansheisfondofher 6 WecangeneralizenothingsimilarfromHispanics 7 Yes means Iagree allthetime 8 Payingattentiontocustomsandculturaldifferencesisnotimportant 9 InRussia itisacustomaryforthearrivingpersontogreettheothers 10 Thewriterworkedinin1993 theUniversityofCalifornia F F F F T Para7 Para9 Para11 Para12 Para12 Para1 CulturalDifferencesIn1993 IhadmyfirstopportunitytovisitRussiaasarepresentativeoftheUniversityofCalifornia Iwastheretoprovidesometechnicalassistanceintheareaofagriculturallabormanagement Russiansareaverypolitepeople Ihadbeentutoredbeforemyarrival Oneofmyinterpreters onceIwasthere explainedthatagentlemanshouldpourthelemonade atypeofjuice fortheladiesandshowothercourtesiestothem Towardtheendofmythree weektripIwasinvitedbymyyoungRussianhostandfriendDmitriIvanovichandhislovelywifeYielenaouttodinner AttheendofawonderfulmealYielenaaskedifIwouldlikeabanana I educated taught invitesb outtodinner邀请 外出吃饭 politelydeclinedandthankedher andexplainedIwasmostsatisfiedwiththemeal Butthewholewhilemymindwasracing WhatdoIdo DoIofferherabananaeventhoughtheyareasclosetoherastheyaretome Whatisthepolitethingtodo Wouldyoulikeabanana IaskedYielena Yes shesmiled butmadenoattempttotakeanyofthethreebananasinthefruitbasket Whatnow Ithought Whichonewouldyoulike Ifumbled Thatone shepointedatoneofthebananas SoallthewhilethinkingaboutRussianpolitenessIpickedthebananaYielenahadpointedatandpeeledithalfwayandhandedittoher SmilesinYielenaandDmitri sfacestoldmeIhaddonetherightthing AfterthisexperienceIspentmuchtime makeattemptto Eg Hemadeattempttogo time lettingtheworldknowthatinRussia thepolitethingistopeelthebananasfortheladies SometimeduringmythirdtripIwaspolitelydisabusedofmynotion Ohno GrigoriiDavidovich aRussiangraciouslycorrectedme InRussia whenamanpeelsabananaforaladyitmeanshehasaromanticinterestinher HowembarrassedIfelt AndhereIhadbeenproudlytellingeveryoneaboutthistidbitofculturalunderstanding Certainlessonshavetobelearnedthehardway Somewellmeaningarticlesandpresentationsonculturaldifferenceshaveapotentialtodomoreharmthangoodandmaynotbeasamusing Theypresent likemybananas toomanygeneralizationsorquiteadistortedview kindly asmallinterestinginformation小趣闻 有些教训只有通过这种尴尬的方式才能吸取 Someoften heardgeneralizationsabouttheHispaniccultureinclude Hispanicsneedlesspersonalspace makelesseyecontact toucheachothermoreinnormalconversation andarelesslikelytoparticipateinameeting Generalizationsareoftendangerous andespeciallywhenaccompaniedbyrecommendationssuchas movecloserwhentalkingtoHispanics makemorephysicalcontact don texpectparticipation andsoon Differencesbetweenpeoplewithinanygivennationorculturearemuchgreaterthandifferencesbetweengroups Education socialstanding religion personality beliefstructure pastexperience affectionshowninthehome andamyriadofotherfactorswillaffecthumanbehaviorandculture Suretherearedifferencesinapproachastowhatisconsideredpoliteandappropriatebehaviorbothonandoffthejob Insomecultures yes means Ihearyou morethan Iagree Lengthofpleasantriesandgreetingsbeforegettingdowntobusiness leveloftoleranceforbeingaroundsomeonespeakingaforeign not understood language politenessmeasuredintermsofgallantryoretiquette e g standingupforawomanwhoapproachesa ahostof amultitudeof awealthof 谈正事前的寒暄和问候的时间长短 table yieldingaseatonthebustoanolderperson etc andmannerofexpecteddressareallexamplesofpossibleculturaldifferencesandtraditions InMexicoitiscustomaryforthearrivingpersontogreettheothers Forinstance someonewhowalksintoagroupofpeopleeatingwouldsayprovecho enjoyyourmeal InChile womenoftengreetbothotherwomenandmenwithakissonthecheek InRussiawomenoftenwalkarminarmwiththeirfemalefriends Payingattentiontocustomsandculturaldifferencescangivesomeoneoutsidethatcultureabetterchanceofassimilationoracceptance Ignoringthesecangetanunsuspectingpersonintotrouble Thereareculturalandideologicaldifferencesanditisgoodtohaveanunderstandingaboutaculture scustomsandways AaronPun aCanadianODCnetcorrespondent wrote Instudyingcross culturaldifferences wearenotlookingatindividualsbutacomparisonofoneethnicgroupagainstothers Hence wearecomparingtwobellcurvesandgeneralizationscannotbeavoided Anothercorrespondentexplainedthehumanneedtocategorize True butthedangercomeswhenweactonsomeofthesegeneralizations especiallywhentheyarebasedonfaultyobservations Actingongeneralizationsaboutsuchmattersaseyecontact personalspace touch andinterestinparticipationcanhaveseriousnegativeconsequences 781words Readingquestion4 Readingquestion5 严重的负面后果positiveconsequences正面结果 Butthewholewhilemymindwasracing racev 常用意 takeinarace参加速度比赛 此处 moveveryfast急速运转 移动 Translation但此刻我一直在想 SometimeduringmythirdtripIwaspolitelydisabusedofmynotion WhenIwenttoRussiaforthethirdtimeaRussianpolitelycorrectedmywrongnotion Somewellmeaningarticlesandpresentationsonculturaldifferenceshaveapotentialtodomoreharmthangoodandmaynotbeasamusing Somearticlesandlecturesaimtohelpreadersandaudiencetounderstandaboutculturaldifferences butinfact arelikelytomisleadthem meanwhiletheyarenotinteresting 那些有关文化差异的好心文章和讲座可能是害多利少 也许还并不像我说的这件事这样只是一件趣事而已 好心的 善意的 Hispanicadj ofSpainandotherSpanish speakingcountries西班牙及其他说西班牙语国家的 Hispanics n accompanyv beprovidedorexistatthesametimeassomething gowith esp onajourney伴随 ExampleLetmeaccompanyyoutotherestaurant Accompanyingthesetemperaturevariationsweresomeperiodsofratherheavyprecipitation 天气变化 fallofrain sleet snoworhail 雨 雨夹雪 雪 雹子等的 降落 recommendationn adviceorsuggestion ExampleMyteacherwrotemealetterofrecommendationtosupportmyjobapplication Differencesbetweenpeoplewithinanygivennationorculturearemuchgreaterthandifferencesbetweengroups Thedifferencesbetweenpeopleinonecountryoroneculturearemuchgreaterthanthosebetweentwocountriesortwocultures 任何特定民族或特定文化内部的人们之间的差异常常要比不同群体间的差异大得多 Suretherearedifferencesinapproachastowhatisconsideredpoliteandappropriatebehaviorbothonandoffthejob Translation对上班和下班后那些行为算是有礼貌和恰当的这一问题 看法肯定是有分歧的 way attitude Payingattentiontocustomsandculturaldifferencescangivesomeoneoutsidethatcultureabetterchanceofassimilationoracceptance Iftheypayattentiontothecustomsandculturaldifferencesthosewhocomefromanotherculturehaveabetterchanceofbeingacceptedbythelocalpeople 注意风俗习惯和文化差异能让来自另一种文化的人有机会更快地融入该文化或被认同 Thereareculturalandideologicaldifferencesanditisgoodtohaveanunderstandingaboutaculture scustomsandways Inanothercountry theculturalandpoliticalbeliefsaredifferentfromours thereforeit shelpfultoknowitscustomsandways 由于存在文化和意识形态上的差异 所以了解一种文化中的习惯和方式是有好处的 Instudyingcross culturaldifferences wearenotlookingatindividualsbutacomparisonofoneethnicgroupagainstothers Hence wearecomparingtwobellcurvesandgeneralizationscannotbeavoided Whenwestudythedifferencesbetweendifferentcultureswearecomparingthecollectivecultureratherthanindividualsfromeachculture Thereforewefocusontheirgeneraldifferenceswhichwillnotbetrueofeveryonewithinthosecultures Translation Instudyingcross culturaldifferences wearenotlookingatindividualsbutacomparisonofoneethnicgroupagainstothers Hence wearecomparingtwobellcurvesandgeneralizationscannotbeavoided 在研究跨文化差异中 我们不是研究个体 而是进行不同民族间的比较 因此 我们是在比较两个正态分布曲线 所以概括是难免的 Ex 10Choosethebestanswertoeachquestionwiththeinformationfromthepassage 1 WhatdidtheauthorlearnaboutRussiansbeforehevisitedRussia A Theyareverypolite B Theyarefrankandromantic C Theirbehaviorisusuallyverydifferent D Theyareveryhospitable 1 WhatdidtheauthorlearnaboutRussiansbeforehevisitedRussia A Theyareverypolite B Theyarefrankandromantic C Theirbehaviorisusuallyverydifferent D Theyareveryhospitable Ex 10Choosethebestanswertoeachquestionwiththeinformationfromthepassage 2 HowdidtheauthorfeelabouthispeelingabananaforawomaninRussiaduringhisfirstvisittoRussia A HefelthedidtherightthinginlinewithRussianculture B HefeltembarrassedforhavingbrokenaRussiancustom C Hefelthewasmakingamistake D Hefeltexcitedabouthisromanticexperience 2 HowdidtheauthorfeelabouthispeelingabananaforawomaninRussiaduringhisfirstvisittoRussia A HefelthedidtherightthinginlinewithRussianculture B HefeltembarrassedforhavingbrokenaRussiancustom C Hefelthewasmakingamistake D Hefeltexcitedabouthisromanticexperience 3 Howdidtheauthorrealizethathehadmadeaculturalblunder A HestudiedRussianetiquetteafterhisfirstvisittoRussia B Hegotahintfromtheladyheofferedthebananato C HewaspolitelycorrectedbyaRussianduringhisthirdvisit D Heconsultedsomebooksandrealizedhismistake Ex 10Choosethebestanswertoeachquestionwiththeinformationfromthepassage 3 Howdidtheauthorrealizethathehadmadeaculturalblunder A HestudiedRussianetiquetteafterhisfirstvisittoRussia B Hegotahintfromtheladyheofferedthebananato C HewaspolitelycorrectedbyaRussianduringhisthirdvisit D Heconsultedsomebooksandrealizedhismistake 4 Whatdoestheauthormeanbythestudyofcross culturaldifferences A Studyingthedifferencesbetweenindividualswithinoneethnicgroup B Makingacomparisonbetweenoneethnicgroupandanotherintermsofculture C Makingculturalgeneralizationsaboutoneculturebasedonthestandardsoftheother D Comparingandcategorizingdifferentcultures Ex 10Choosethebestanswertoeachquestionwiththeinformationfromthepassage 4 Whatdoestheauthormeanbythestudyofcross culturaldifferences A Studyingthedifferencesbetweenindividualswithinoneethnicgroup B Makingacomparisonbetweenoneethnicgroupandanotherintermsofculture C Makingculturalgeneralizationsaboutoneculturebasedonthestandardsoftheother D Comparingandcategorizingdifferentcultures 5Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthepassage A Hewasamaletourist B HecouldspeakRussianverywell C Heoftentraveledaroundtheworld D Hewasanexpertinworldcultures Ex 10Choosethebestanswertoeachquestionwiththeinformationfromthepassage 5Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthepassage A Hewasamaletourist B HecouldspeakRussianverywell C Heoftentraveledaroundtheworld D Hewasanexpertinworldcultures ReadingSkillsPractice Factsarestatementsthatcanbeverified thatis proventobetrue Opinionsarestatementsthatexpresssubjectivefeelings attitudes orbeliefs Theirtruthwillhavetobeproven Hereareafewexamplesofeach Facts1 TheaverageAmericanadultsspend25hoursperweekonhousework 2 U S militaryspendinghasincreasedoverthepasttenyears DistinguishingFactfromOpinion DistinguishingFactfromOpinion Opinions1 Bytheyear2020tobaccoshouldhavebecomeillegal asvariousotherdrugsarecurrentlyillegal 2 IfJohnF Kennedyhadlived theUnitedStateswouldhavebecomequitedifferent Facts onceverifiedortakenfromareputablesource canbeacceptedandregardedasreliableinformation Opinions however arenotreliablesourcesofinformationandshouldbequestionedandcarefullyevaluated Someauthorsarecarefultosignalthereaderwhentheyarepresentinganopinion DistinguishingFactfromOpinion Watchforsuchwordsandphrasesas itisbelievedapparentlyinmyviewpresumablyitislikelythatinmyopinionseeminglythissuggestsoneexplanationispossibly TranslatingSkillsPractice 数量词的翻译 Numbers 数量词的翻译方法和技巧 数词的翻译英汉两种语言表示数量的方法时有不同 翻译中