《中考复习代词讲义》PPT课件.ppt

初中英语语法之 代词篇 人称代词 人称代词代替人和事物的名称 分为主格和宾格两种形式 1 人称代词作主语时用主格 作宾语时用宾格Theyalllikehimverymuch 他们都很喜欢他 Shegavethebookstoyouandme 这些书是她送给你和我的 2 人称代词在并列使用时的顺序为 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 You sheandIallenjoythemusic 你我她都喜欢音乐 2 it可指不知性别的婴儿或不确指性别的人 whoisthepersonoverthere Itistheheadteacher 1 Whoisknockingatthedoor Idon tknow Iwaslyinginthebedandjustaskwho was A heB sheC it2 Ican tfindmyhat Idon tknowwhereIput A oneB itC that3 Ican tfindmyhat IthinkImustbuy A itB oneC that 二 物主代词 my our your your his her its their mine ours yours yours his hers its theirs 1 Sheisafriendof A myB mineC I2 Thisisn tmypen itis A herB hisC him3 Frankcan tfind dictionary Canyoulend to A her mine herB yours heC his yours him做题规律 名代单独用 形代跟名词 4 schoolismuchbiggerthan A Our theirB Ours theirsC Our theirs5 Thedogissopoorbecause legisbadlyhurt A itB itsC it s myself ourselves yourself yourselves himself themselves herself itself 反身代词 Themanisrich hecanbuy alotofthings A heB hisC himself2 Whatalovelycard Wheredidyoubuyit Imadeitby A meB myselfC itself3 Help tosomechicken mymothersaidtotheguests A yourselfB yourselvesC your 不定代词不是指明代替特定名词 或形容词 的代词all each every both either neithernone one little few many muchother another some any no由some any no every等构成的合成代词 几组在用法上容易混淆的不定代词1 some anysome 一些 某 一般用于肯定句中Therearesomeflowersinfrontofthehouse any 一些 任何 多用于疑问句和否定句Doyouhaveanypicture books 注意 some有时也可用于表示请求 征求意见的疑问句中Wouldyoulikesomemeat 你想要些肉吗 MayIasksomequestions 我可以问问题吗 CouldIhavesomeapples 我可以吃苹果吗 Willyougivemesomewater 你能给我些水吗 2 many muchmany修饰或指代复数名词Therearemanyeggsinthebasket Manyofuslikeplayinggames much修饰或指代不可数名词Hedoesn tknowmuchEnglish 3 another otheranother泛指三个或三个以上中的另一个Idon twantthiscoat Pleaseshowmeanother other后面接名词 泛指别的 其他的Doyouhaveanyotherquestions 4 theother others theotherstheother1 特指两个中的另一个Hehastwosons Oneisaworker theotherisadoctor 2 修饰名词 特指另一个 另一些Tomlikesswimming andtheotherboysinhisclasslikeswimming too others泛指其他的人或物Heoftenhelpsothers Someareplayingbasketball othersareplayingfootball theothers特指确定范围内剩下的全部人或物Therearefiftystudentsinourclass Twentyofthemaregirls theothersareboys 5 few afew little alittlefew afew修饰可数名词little alittle修饰不可数名词few little表示否定意义 译为 没有几个 没有多少 afew alittle表示肯定意义 译为 有几个 有一点 Althoughallthegirlshavetriedtheirbest only passtheexam A fewB afewC alittle2 Don tworry Thereis timeleft A littleB alittleC few3 Youaresogreat peopleintheschoolcandoit A AlittleB LittleC Few 6 every eachevery 单数名词 表示 每一个 必跟单数名词 不与of连用 谓语用单数Everychildlikesplayinggames each表示 每一个 强调个性 常与of连用 也可单独用 谓语用单数 做复数同位语是 用复数 Eachstudentwasaskedtotryagain Eachofthemhasaniceskirt eachevery Igavethem anapple A everyB eachC eachof Thereisalineoftreeson sideofthestreet A everyB eachC both Shegoesshopping fivedays A everyB eachC eachof 他隔天来这里 Hecamehere day everyother 7 all noneall 全部 都 表示三者或三者以上 作同位语时 一般放在连系动词 助动词之后 行为动词之前WeareallfromCanada TheyalllikeEnglish none 没有 表示三者或三者以上都不 后常跟介词of 谓语动词单 复数均可 Noneofusis areafraidofdogs nonenoone Howmanypeoplearethereintheroom A NoneB NooneC Lucy Whoisintheroom A NoneB NooneC one Noneofthem China A comefromB isfromC iscomefrom 8 both either neitherboth 两者 都 谓语用复数Myparentsarebothteachers Bothofmyparentsareteachers neither 两者 都不 谓语用单数Neitheranswerisright either 两者中任何一个 谓语用单数Therearetreesoneithersideofthestreet Therearetreesonbothsidesofthestreet Bothnewstudentsareboys Bothareboys 有关词组及应用bothof eitherof neitherofBothofthemswimwell 他们俩都游得很好 EitherofyougoestoBeijing 你们俩随便谁去北京都可以 Neitherofthemstoppedtohavearest 他们俩谁都不停下来休息 ofthegirls him Theyaskedhimfornamecard A Neither knowB Either knowC Neither knows Bothofhisparents teachers A isB areC was Bothofhisbrothers inthishospital butneitherofthem adoctor A works isB work isC work are eitherneitherboth both and 谓语动词用复数形式 either or neither nor 谓语动词遵循就近原则 BothTomandLucyareinGradeTwo Tom和Lucy都在二年级 Eithermyfatherormymothercooksathome 或者我爸爸或者我妈妈在家烧饭 NeitherhenorIamfreetoday 我和他今天都没空 eitherneitherboth EitherTomorthetwins thewaytotheshop A knowB knowsC finds NeitheryounorI ascientist A isB areC am BothTomandMary hard A studiesB studyC studying ThestudentsareallfromFoshan They liketheircity A bothB allC eitherLucyandLily agreewithus A allB bothC neitherHowareyourparents Theyare fine A bothB allC no 9 Something anything nothingSomebody anybody nobody当形容词修饰这些不定代词时 常后置Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou Isthereanythingelseinthebox Nobodycananswerthequestion 1 Doyouhave todothisevening A importantsomethingB anythingimportantC somethingimportant2 iswatchingTV Let sturnitoff A SomebodyB AnybodyC Nobody3 Wouldyoulike Icangetitforyou A somethingelseB anythingelseC everythingelse oneit Theboxisinthemiddleoftheroom Move away A itB oneC Ihavelostmypen Ihavetobuy A oneB itC Howniceyourbagis Iwanttobuy A itB oneC one同类不同件 it同类同件 指示代词表示空间和时间远近关系的代词包括 this that 单数 these those 复数 1 this these指在方位上较近的人或物that those指在方位上较远的人或物Thisismyshirt that syours TheseTVsaremadeinChina thosearemadeinJapan 疑问代词用来构成特殊疑问句的代词常见有 whowhomwhosewhatwhich通常做主语 宾语 定语 表语Whatmakesyouthinklikethat 做主语 Who Whom wereyoutalkingwith 做宾语 WhichbusdoIneed 做定语 What syourfather 做表语 注意 在口语中 Who和Whom通用 但在介词后只能用WhomWithwhomdidheplaygames Withwhodidheplaygames 错 2008年广东省汕头市 一Isthat dog No iswhite A his HisB her ItisC he HisD her Her 中考考什么 D 重庆市2008年 WelikeMr Greenbecauseheoftentells funnystoriesinclass A weB usC ourD ours B 重庆市2008年 Whenshallwegotothemuseum thisafternoonortomorrowmorning isOK I mfreethesedays A BothB AllC EitherD Neither C 2008年天津市 Is here No JohnandBobhaveaskedforleave A nobodyB anybodyC somebodyD everybody D Tryitout 1Isthisyourfootball boys No itisnot A yoursB ourC mineD ours 2Thebirdbuilds nestinthetree A herB itsC it sD hers 3Themathsproblem iswrong A himselfB heC itselfD herself D B C 4 wanttoseethefilm AEverystudentBEachstudentCAllofstudentsDAllthestudents 5Alotofpeoplehavetried but havesucceeded A thefewB afewC fewD little 6 ofthefourroadswilltakeyoutothehospital A BothB NeitherC AnyD Either D C C 7Ihavefivepencils oneisred isblueand aregreen A another theotherB theother othersC others theothersD another theothers 8Ihavefound ontheInternet A afewinformationsB alittleinformationsC afewinformationD alittleinformation D D 9IhaveChemistryclasses day Monday WednesdayandFriday A eachotherB everyotherC thisandotherD allother 10 isthemanunderthetree Jim sfather A WhenB WhatC WhereD Who B D 课堂达标 11 Thisstickis A himB heC his12 Heisalwaysreadytohelp A anotherB theotherC others13 isJack saunt A HeB SheC It14 Shesentseveralcardsto ofherfriends A someB anyC no15 subjectsdoyouhavethisterm A WhichB WhoseC What16 ofthemhasacomputer A EachB EveryC All17 Canyourbrotherlookafter A himselfB himC his 8Whichof bikesisyours A thisB thatC these19 aregoodfriends A You heandIB She youandIC I youandhe20 Shehasn tbrought pentoday Willyoulendher A her yourB hers yoursC her yours21 Very ofthemknewthehotel A fewB littleC afew22 Thejacketistooshort Pleaseshowme A otherB anotherC one23 Somecitypeoplegrowvegetables A herselfB himselfC themselves 用恰当的词填空 Iamastudent nameisLily Ioftenteach English 2 Tomistooyoung Pleaselookafter 3 Heisfourteen nameisTom Thisbookis Hecanlookafter 4 We llgofishinglater Wouldyouliketocomewith 5 Lookingattheboys areplayinggames namesareMikeandBill Theyenjoy My myself him His his himself us They Their themselves 例题解析 1Theseare books Yoursareoverthere AIBmyCmeDmine 答案 B 析 这里应用形容词性物主代词 2 isshe Sheisateacher AWhatBHowCWhoDWhere 答案 A 析 这里的四个疑问词放在问句中全都成立 但其意义不同 Whatisshe 应译为 她的工作是什么 或 她是做什么的 而Howisshe 应译为 她身体如何 而Whoisshe 应译为 她是谁 其答语应为 她叫什么名字 而Whereisshe 应为 她在什么地方 由答语决定了这道题的选择 3 iswrongwithmywatch Ithasstopped ASomething workingBSomething toworkCAnything workingDAnything towork 答案 A 析 因为是肯定句所以应用Something 其后由于表停止工作了 则stop后要用动名词 4Mary help tothebananas please AyouByourCyourselfDyourselves 答案 C 析 helponeselftosomething为 自己拿某物 yourself为 你一个人 而yourselves为 你们 5 doyougotoschooleveryday Bybus AHowBWhyCWhenDWhere 答案 A 析 这题的答案是由问句决定的 6Myskirtis popularthan Amuch herBmuch hersCmore herDmore hers 答案 D 析 因句中有than 所以应选用比较级 而than后要选用名词性物主代词 7 CanyouspeakEnglish Yes butonly AfewBafewClittleDalittle 答案 D 析 因会讲某种语言的多少要用alittle 把它看作不可数名词对待 此答语为 是的 但仅仅会讲一点 例题解析 例题解析 8Mr Smithisanoldfriendof AIBmeCmyDmine 答案 D 析 这里应选名词性物主代词 这也是英语的一种习惯用法 而不要选择my 9 doyouhearfromyourparents Aboutonceamonth AHowlongBHowmanyCHowoftenDHowmuch 答案 C 析 Howoften问的是某一动作发生的频率 即在单位时间内发生多少次 10MrGreenwouldn tsay atthemeeting AeverythingBnothingCanythingDsomething 答案 C 析 在否定句中应用anything11 Mum Ann scomingtonight Let sgiveher toeat Goodidea AanythingniceBniceanythingCsomethingniceDnicesomething 答案 C 析 肯定句中用something而不用anything 不定代词的修饰词应放其后而不要放在其前面 例题解析 12 Whenshallwemeet thiseveningortomorrowevening Idon tmind timeisOK ASomeBNeitherCEitherDBoth 答案 C 析 因如选用both则名词要用复数名词 也要用复数谓语动词 由于答语前有Idon tmind则决定不能选择neither 13Thisisnotherkite but Ahe sBhimCheDhis 答案 D 析 要注意 他的 名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词是同形的 14Don tworry Mum newsisgoodnews I msuredaddywillcomebacksoon ANoBManyCThoseDTwo 答案 A 析 这是一条谚语 即没有消息就是好消息 15Maryhassixapples Herbrotherhasthree Shehas applesthanhe AfewBmanyCmoreDfewer 答案 C 析 由于是比较级 根据题意应选 多于 而不是 少于 例题解析 16Thereisn t intoday snewspaper AanythinginterestingBsomethinginterestingCnothinginterestingDinterestinganything 答案 A 析 由于句子是否定句 应选择anything 而且不定代词的修饰语应放在其后面 17September10this Day ATeacherBTeachersCTeacher sDTeachers 答案 D 析 教师节Teachers Day 儿童节Children sDay 妇女节Women sDay18 InEngland peopleeatalotof takeaway food Whataboutpeopleinyourcountry ASowedo BWedoso CSodowe DWesodo 答案 C 析 在答语中用简略方式表达上文的一个动作同样适用于另一个主语时 则要采用倒装句 但如果仅仅是对上句的重复则不要倒装 19 Shallwegointothatshopandhavealook Sorry Iwon t Ihave todothere AeverythingBanythingCsomethingDnothing 答案 D 析 这个答案的选择应由上下两句对话内容作出决定 例题解析 20 Oh dear Whobroketheglass Sam Bruce Itwasthecat ABoth andBNot butCNeither norDEither or 答案 C 析 neither nor意为既不 也不 21Thestudentsarehavingagoodtimeinthepark Somearedrawingbythelake areclimbingthehill AOthersBOtherCAnotherDTheother 答案 A 析 这里因为是代替复数名词 所以应用名词性的复数代名词 22Sheisnotanurse I mnot AalsoBeitherCneitherDtoo 答案 B 析 在否定句中该用either 而不用too和also 23Ihavetwopencils Oneisred isblue AtheotherBanotherCothersDtheothers 答案 A 析 两者中的另一个应为特指 而且应为单数形式的代名词 而another是泛指单数代名词 others是泛指复数代名词 而theothers是特指复数代名词 例题解析 24Sorry Ican tansweryourquestion Iknow aboutthesubject AlittleBalittleCfewDafew 答案 A 析 中文讲我对此知道的不多 而英文中要用little 其含意为否定句 25Mysisterdoesn tlikeskating ASodoIBSoIdon tCNeitherIdon tDNeitherdoI 答案 D 析 这是表达上面否定句中的动作 也同样不适合于第二个人 所以要用neither 并要采用倒装句 26Yesterdaymorningtherewereonlythreeboysinourroom Ayou heandIBI youandheChe IandyouDyou Iandhe 答案 A 析 这是若干人称代词并列时的顺序问题 请参看辨析中的例子 27Allthestudentsarebusy so ofthemwillgototheconcert AmanyBlittleCafewDfew 答案 D 析 student为可数名词 28Theteachergave studentanewbook AnobodyBbothCeachDany 答案 C 析 both其后的名词应为复数 而any用于疑问句和否定句中只有each可以修饰单数可数名词 例题解析 29Blackisneitherateacher aworker AorBeitherCnorDand 答案 C 析 neither nor为 既不 也不 的固定搭配 30Ourteachergaveus onstudying AmanyadvicesBsomeadvicesCanadviceDsomeadvice 答案 D 析 advice为不可数名词 some可用于可数或不可数名词之前 31Therearetwoforeignfriendsinthepark One isfromJapan isfromAmerica AotherBothersCtheotherDtheothers 答案 C 析 因为是两者中的一个 所以另一个应用单数特指代词 32Arethere onthetable AsomecupsBanycupCsomecupDanycups 答案 D 析 此句是疑问句 应用anycups 因提问时的be动词用的是are 例题解析 33I vejustboughtfivestamps OneisaGermanstamp areAmericanstamps AtheotherBtheothersCotherDothers 答案 B 析 此空应填入主语 又因其范围已定 所以应选特指的代名词 theother只能用作单数 而others是泛指复数代名词 故只能选B 34Itwas finedaythattheywenttothepark AasoBsoaCsuchaDasuch 答案 C 析 在单数可数名词前可以有两种表达法 即such 不定冠词 形容词 可数名词单数形式 如 suchagoodday 或者用so加形容词 不定冠词 可数名词单数 如 sogoodaday 35Atthattimethetrainwasslowandnoisy So peoplelikedtakingtrains AlittleBalittleCfewDafew 答案 C 析 这是英文的表达法与中文不同之处 中文讲只有少数人喜欢坐火车 英文要选用 few 36Wemusthelpandunderstandeach AotherBanotherCothersDtheother 答案 A 析 eachother意为 互相 是习惯用语 例题解析 37 isdifficulttowalkonthemoon AManBOneCThatDIt 答案 D 析 这里的真正主语应为不定式towalkonthemoon 而形式主语只能用it 38Janehassentseveralletters but ofthemhavebeenanswered AallBbothCeitherDnone 答案 D 析 severalletters意为 若干信件 应看作多于两者 则在A D中作选择 仅D符合句意 39Idon tknow aboutthenewheadmaster AsomethingBeverythingCnothingDanything 答案 D 析 否定句中应用anything 40 ofthestudentsinthewholeclasscoulddothisphysicsquestion ANoBNoneCNotDNeither 答案 B 41 Mary pleaseshow yourpicture A myB mineC ID me答案 D 析 该提考查的是人称代词和物主代词的用法 在本题中 动词show的后面要跟双宾语 空白处缺少一个间接宾语 所以应选me 42 What sonTVtonight Isthere interesting I mafraidnot A somethingB anythingC nothingD everything答案 B 析 该提考查的是不定代词的用法 这是一个疑问句 在疑问句中 通常用anything 43 ofthemhashisownopinion A BothB SomeC EveryD Each答案 D 析 该题考查的是不定代词用法 因为谓语动词是单数形式 所以Both和Some都不对 Every不能作主语 所以只有Each合适 44 Whereismypen Oh sorry Ihavetaken bymistake A yoursB hisC mineD hers答案 A 析 该题考查的是物主代词的用法 根据题干的背景 我们可以判断出错拿的钢笔应该是对方的 所以选yours 例题解析 课时训练 1 TheweatherinsummerinBeijingiscoolerthan inShanghai A thisB it C thatD one 2 Pass theknife please Mypencilisbroken A IB me C myD mine 3 Tellhimnottoplaywiththeknife Hemayhurt A himB himself C yourselfD myself 4 Whosepaintingisthis It sreallywonderful Oh it snot It s A hers yourB mine Elsa s C your s he sD his my 5 CanIcomethiseveningortomorrowmorning isOK I mfreetodayandtomorrow A EitherB Neither C BothD None C B B B A 课时训练 6 Wegohome sixdays A allB each C bothD every 7 oftheteachersarekindinourschool A EveryB Each C EitherD All 8 hatisthis It s A Whose meB who mine C Whom hisD Whose mine 9 Ifyouneed money I lllendyou A one oneB any some C some anyD any any 10 Hehas totellus A somethingimportant B importantsomething C anythinguseful D usefulnothing D D D B A 课时训练 11 NeitherInorhe fromUSA A beB are C amD is 12 Everyonecanhaveapieceofbread A can everyoneB can tthey C can titD can tshe 13 Whydon tyouget toreadwhileyouareonholiday A anythingB everything C somethingD nothing 14 LiLeiistallerthan inhisclass A anybodyB anybodyelse C elseanyoneD somebodyelse 15 Thisdictionaryisn t Itis A yours hisB you him C hers youD mine him D B C B A 16 YoulikethisbutIlike A thisB themC itD that 17 ShewillgoskatingandI lldo A suchB same C thesameasD thesame 18 Thesentence iswrong A himselfB herself C itselfD it 19 Heisateacher Ilikeverymuch A whatB whose C whomD which 20 There remorethantwentystudentsinourschool but ofthemarefromFrance A noneB all C neitherD both 课时训练 D D C C A 用所给代词的适当形式填空1 Thisisnotmypencil box I isinthebag 2 Treesareplantedin we countryeveryyear whichmakesourcountrymoreandmorebeautiful 3 IsthatbikeMissGao s Yes itis she Beau