2012职称英语考试汇总

Life Form Found on Saturn s Titan 土卫六上发现了生命迹象土卫六上发现了生命迹象 1 What have scientists found about Saturn C They have found methane based life on Titan 2 What do scientists say about Titan A There are life clues there 3 To date scientists have not yet detected this form of life paragraph5 What dose this form of life refer to B Methane base life 4 What can be inferred form what said A Scientists have different arguments over whether there is life on Titan 5 Which of the following can repiace thetitle of this passage D A different Life Form a Possibility Teaching Math Teaching Anxiety 教数学 教焦虑教数学 教焦虑 1 What is the result of the research at the University of Chicago according to the first paragraph D Female teachers confidence in their math skills is related to girl s math 2 What is implied in the third paragraph B A difficult subject like math may affect teachers confidence in teaching the subject 3 According to the experiment those teachers were probably anxious about math when they feit C uneasy reading the numbers of a sales receipt 4 The Sixth paragraph tells tells us that the research finding A prove a strong link between female teachers math anxiety and their female students math 5 David Geary think that B the research resuits need to be retested base on a larger sample Making Light of Sleep 不要太在意睡眠不要太在意睡眠 1 The clock located inside our brains is similar to our bedside alarm clock because B it has a cycle of 24 hours 2 What id implied in the second paragraph C Childen before puberty to fall asleep earlier at night than adolescents 3 In the third paragraph the author wants to tell the reader that B staying up late has a bad effect on teenagers ability to think and learn 4 Which of the following statements is NOT ture according to the fourth and fifth paragraphs C Our internal clock as well as the alarm clock can be reset automatically 5 According to the last two paragraph what did the previous researchers think about the human eye s light sensing system B The human eye had one light sensing system Graphene s Superstrength 石墨烯的超强力量石墨烯的超强力量 1 What would change the future of electronics according to engineers C Graphene 2 According to the second and third paragraphs what is ture of grapheme C It is easy to find grapheme 3 Which of the following can be uses to replace the word apply in paragraph 4 D put 4 Which of the following is NOT meant in thelast two paragraphs A Graphene is made of graphite one of the softest materials in the world 5 Graphene s superstrength lies in the fact that C It can help to make electronic compnents smaller Climate chage pose major risks for unprepared cities 气候变化气候变化 A new examination of urban policies has been carried out recently by patricia Romero Lankao She is a sociologist specializing in climate change and urban development Shewarns that many of the world s fast growing urban areas especially in developing countries will likely suffer from the impacts of changing climate Her work also concludes that most cities are failing to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases These gases are known to affect the atmosephere Climate change is a deeply local issue and poses profound threats to the growing cities of the world says Romero Lankao But too few cities are developing effective strategies to protect there residents Cities are major sources of greenhouse gases And urban populations are likely to be among those most severely affected by future climate change Lankao s finding highlight ways in which city residents are particularly vulnerable and suggest policy interventions that could offer immediate and longer term benefits The locations and dense construction patterns of cities often place their populations at greater risk for natural disasters Potential threats associated with climate include storm surges and prolonged hot weather Storm surges can flood coastal areas and prolonged hot weather can heat heavily paved cities more than surrounding areas The impacts of such natural events can be more serious in an urban environment For examlie a prolonged heat wave can increase existing levels of air pollution causing widespread health problems Poorer neighborhoods that may lack badsic facilities such as drinking water or a dependable network of roads are especially vulnerable to natural disasters Many residents in poorer countries live in substandard housing without access to reliable drinking water roads and basic services Local governments therefore should take measures to protect their residents Unfortunately They tend to move towards rhetoric rather than me aningful responses Romero Lankao writes They don t impose construction standards that could reduce heating and air conditioning needs They don t emphasize mass transit and reduce automobile use In fact many local governments are taking a hands off approach Thus she urges them to change their idle policies and to take strong steps to prevent the harmful effects of climate change on cities Free statins with fast food could neutralize heart risk 快餐加免费胆固醇药物快餐加免费胆固醇药物 Fast food outlets could provide statin drugs free of charge so that customers can reduce the heart disease dangers of fatty food researchers at Imperial College London suggest in a new study Statins reduce the amount of unhealthy LDL cholesterol in the blood A wealth of trial data has proven them to be highly effective at lowering a person s heart attack risk In a paper published in the American Journal of Cardiology Dr Darrel Francis and colleagues calculate that the reduction in heart attack risk offered by a statin is enough to offset the increase in heart attack risk from eating a cheeseburger and drinking a milkshake Dr Francis from the National Heart and Lung Institute at Imperial College London who is the senior author of the study said Statins don t cut out all of the unhealthy effects of cheeseburgers and French fries It s better to avoid fatty food altogether But we ve worked out that in terms of you possibility of having a heart attack Tacking a statin can reduce you risk to more or less same degree as a fast food meal increases it It s ironic that people are free to take as many unhealthv condiments in fast food outlets as they like but statins which are beneficial to hearth have to br prescribed It makes sense to make risk reducing statins available just as easily as the unhealthy condiments that are provided free of charge It would cost less than 5 penceper customer not much different to a sachet of sugar Dr Francis said When people engage in risky behaviours like driving or smoking they re encouraged to take measures that lower their risk like wearing a seatbeltor choosing cigerettes with filters Taking a statin is arational way of lowering some of the risks of eating a fatty meal Chicken soup on the soul comfort food fights loneliness 心灵鸡汤 爽心食品排解孤独心灵鸡汤 爽心食品排解孤独 Mashed potatoes macaroni and cheese may be bad for your arteries but according to astudy in Psychological Science they re good for your heart and emotions The study focuses on comfort food and how it makes people feel For me personally food has always played a big role in my family says Jordan Troisi a graduate student at the University of Buffalo and lead author Gabriel It has looked at non human things that may affect human emotions Some people reduce loneliness by bonding with their favorite TV show building virtual relationships with a pop song singger or looking at pictures of loved ones Troisi and Gabriel wondered if comfort food could have the same effect by making people think of their nearest and dearest In one experiment in order to make participants feel lonely the researchers had them write for six minutes about a fight with someone close to them others were given an emotionally neutral writing assignment Then some people in each group wrote about the experience of eating a comfot food and others wrote about eating a new food Finally the researchers had participants complete questions about their levels of loneliness Writing about a fight with a close person made people feel lonely But people who where generally secure in their relationships would feel less lonely by writing about a comfort food We have found that comfort foods are consistently associated with those to us says Troisi Thinking about or consuming these foods later then serves as a reminder of those close others In their essays on comfort food many people wrote about the experience of eating food with family and friends In another experiment eating chicken soup in the lab made people think more about relationships but only if they considered chicken soup to be a comfort food This was a question they had been asked long before the experiment along with many other questions so they wouldn t remember it Throughout everyonr sdaily lives they experience stress often associated with our connections with others Troisi says Comfort food can be an easy remedy for loneliness Germs on banknotes 纸巾上的病菌纸巾上的病菌 People in different countries use different types of money yuan in China pesos in Mexico pounds in the United Kingdom dollars in the United States Australia and New Zealand They may use different currencies but thesecountries and probably all countries still have one thing in common1 Germs on the banknotes Scientists have been studing the germs on momey for well over 2100 years At the turn of the 21th century some researchers beganto suspect that germs living on money could spread disease Most studies of germy money have looked at the germs on the currency within one country In a new study Frank Vriesekoop3 and other researchers compared the germ populations found on bills of different countries Vriesekoop3 is a microbiologist at the University of Ballarat in Australia4 He led the study which compared the germ populations found on money gathered from 10 nations The scientists studied 1280 banknotes in total all came from places where people buy food like supermarkets street vendors and cafes because those businesses often rely on cash Overall the Australian dollars hosted the fewest live bacteria no more than 10 per square centimeter Chinese yuan had the most about 100per square centimeter Most of the germa on money probably would not cause harm What we call paper money usually isn t made from paper The U S dollar for esampie is printed on fabric that is mostly cotton Different countries may use different materials to print their money Some of the currencies studied by Vriesekoop and his team such as the American dollar were made from cotton Others wer made from polymers The three currencies with the lowest numbers of bactria were all printed on polymers They included the Australian dollar the New Zealand dollar and some Mexican pesos The other currencies were printed on fabric made mostly of cotton Fewer germs lived on the polymer notes This connection suggests that germs have a harder time staying alive on polymer surfaces Scientists need to do more studies to understand how germs live on money and whether or not we need to be oncerned Vnesekoop is now starting a study that will compare the amounts of time bacteria can stay alive on different types of bills Whatever Vriesekoop finds the fact remains paper money harbors germs We should wash our hands after touching it after all 5 you never know where your money s been Or what s living on it Sometimes 有时 Often 经常 Always 总是 Usually 通常 Seldom 很少 Never 不 从不 一般过去时态动词不规则变化 do did 做 think thought 想 认为 eat ate 吃 come came 来 go went 去 say said 说 see saw 看 can could 能 find found 找到 may might 可能 will would 将 会 buy bought 买 small but wise 小而聪明小而聪明 1 What is so special aboat WISE 答案 Its digital camera can help astronomers to see the unkonw space 2 Which is NOT the synonym for the word snap in