3语法复习三：名词性从句

15 语法复习三 名词性从句语法复习三 名词性从句 名词性从句相当于名词 可分别作主句的主语 表语 名词性从句相当于名词 可分别作主句的主语 表语 宾语和同位语 因此 名词性从句厅分为主语从句 表宾语和同位语 因此 名词性从句厅分为主语从句 表 语从句 宾语从句和同位从句 语从句 宾语从句和同位从句 一 引导名词性从句的连接词 一 引导名词性从句的连接词 1 连接代词 连接代词 who whose whom what which 有 有 词义 在从句中担任成分 如主语 表语 宾语 或定词义 在从句中担任成分 如主语 表语 宾语 或定 语等 语等 2 连接副词 连接副词 when where why how 有词义 在 有词义 在 从句中担任成分 作状语 从句中担任成分 作状语 3 连接词 连接词 that whether if as if that 无词义 在无词义 在 从句中不担任成分 有时可省略 从句中不担任成分 有时可省略 if whether as if 虽有词义 但在从句中不担任成分 虽有词义 但在从句中不担任成分 注意注意 连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句 因 连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句 因 而从句中谓语不用疑问式 连接代词与连接副词在从句而从句中谓语不用疑问式 连接代词与连接副词在从句 充当句子成分 连接词充当句子成分 连接词 whether 和和 if 是否 是否 as if 好象 在从句中不充当句子成分 只起连接作用 好象 在从句中不充当句子成分 只起连接作用 根据句义 如果连接代词与连接副词 根据句义 如果连接代词与连接副词 whether if 和和 as if 都用不上时 才用都用不上时 才用 that 作连接词 作连接词 that 本身无任何本身无任何 16 含义 含义 二 主语从句 二 主语从句 1 主语从句在复合句作主语 主语从句在复合句作主语 e g Who will go is not important 2 用 用 it 作形式主语 主语从句放在句末 作形式主语 主语从句放在句末 e g It doesn t matter so much whether you will come or not 3 that 引导主语从句时 不能省略 引导主语从句时 不能省略 e g That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised 三 表语从句 三 表语从句 1 表语从句在复合句中作表语 位于系动词之后 表语从句在复合句中作表语 位于系动词之后 e g The question was who could go there 2 引导表语从句的连接词 引导表语从句的连接词 that 有时可省去 有时可省去 e g My idea is that we can get more comrades to help in the work 四 宾语从句 四 宾语从句 1 宾语从句在复合句中作宾语 引导宾语从句的连 宾语从句在复合句中作宾语 引导宾语从句的连 词词 that 一般可省略 一般可省略 17 e g I hope that everything is all right 2 介词之后的宾语从句 不可用 介词之后的宾语从句 不可用 which 或或 if 连接 连接 要分别用要分别用 what 或或 whether e g I m interested in whether you ve finished the work I m interested in what you ve said 3 whether 与与 if 都可以引导宾语从句 常可互换 都可以引导宾语从句 常可互换 但下面情况不能互换 但下面情况不能互换 宾语从句是否定句时 只用宾语从句是否定句时 只用 if 不用 不用 whether e g I wonder if it doesn t rain 用用 if 会引起误解 就要用会引起误解 就要用 whether e g Please let me know whether you want to go 此 此 句如果把句如果把 whether 改成改成 if 容易当成条件句理解 容易当成条件句理解 宾语从句中的宾语从句中的 whether 与与 or not 直接连用 就不直接连用 就不 能换成能换成 if 不直接连用 可换 不直接连用 可换 e g I don t know whether or not the report is true I don t know whether if the report is true or not 介词后的宾语从句要用介词后的宾语从句要用 whether 引导 引导 whether 可与不定式连用 可与不定式连用 whether 也可引导主语从句 表语从也可引导主语从句 表语从 18 句 同位语从句 还可引导让步状语从句 以上均不能句 同位语从句 还可引导让步状语从句 以上均不能 换成换成 if 但引导条件从句时 只能用 但引导条件从句时 只能用 if 而不能用 而不能用 whether e g It depends on whether we have enough time They don t know whether to go there Please come to see me if you have time 五 同位语从句 五 同位语从句 同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语 一般位于该同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语 一般位于该 名词 如 名词 如 news fact idea suggestion promise 等 之等 之 后 说明该名词的具体内容 后 说明该名词的具体内容 e g I have no idea when he will be back The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody 练习 名词性从句练习 名词性从句 一 判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句 并指出是什么一 判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句 并指出是什么 从句 从句 1 China is no longer what it used to be 2 The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known 19 to all 3 It was snowing when he arrived at the station 4 How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all 5 The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school 6 The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing 7 That is where Lu Xun used to live 8 He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about 9 Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school 10 I wonder why she refused my invitation 二 用适当的连词填空 二 用适当的连词填空 1 I can t decide dictionary I should buy 2 That s he refused my invitation 3 I am very interested in he has improved his pronunciation in such a short time 20 4 we need is more time 5 The fact she had not said anything at the meeting surprised everybody 6 and they will meet has not been decided yet 7 Please tell me you are waiting for 8 Is that you are looking for 9 Would you please tell me the nearest post office is 10 I don t know he will agree to the plan or not 三 选择填空 三 选择填空 1 Do you see I mean A that B C howD what 2 Tell me is on your mind A thatB whatC which D why 3 We must stick to we have agreed on A whatB thatC D how 21 4 Let me see A that can I repair the radioB whether I can repair the radio C I can repair the radioD whether can I repair the radio 5 Keep in mind A that the teacher saidB what did the teacher say C that did the teacher sayD what the teacher said 6 Could you advise me A which book should I read firstB what book should I read first C that book 1 should read first D which book I should read first 7 He was criticized for A he had done itB what he had done C what had he done D that he had done it 8 Would you kindly tell me 22 A how can I get to the Beijing Railway Station B how I can get to the Beijing Railway Station C where can I get to the Beijing Railway Station D whether can I get to the Beijing Railway Station 9 Mrs Smith was very much impressed by A what had she seen in ChinaB that she had seen in China C what she had seen in ChinaD which had she seen in China 10 We took it for granted A that they were not comingB that were they not coming C they were coming notD were they not coining 11 I really don t know A I should do nextB what should I do next C what I should do nextD how I should do next 12 I m afraid 23 A the little girl will have to be operated on B that will the little girl have to operate on C the little girl will have to operate on D that will the little girl have to be operated on 13 She walked up to A where did I stand B where I stood C I stood there D where I stood there 14 Can you tell me A who is that gentlemanB that gentleman is who C who that gentleman isD whom is that gentleman 15 We ll give you A that do you needB what do you need C whatever you needD whether do you need 16 They want us to know to help us A what can they B what they canC how they can D how can they 17 We must put into practice 24 A what we have learnedB that we have learned C that have we learnedD what have we learned 18 Did she say anything about A that the work was to be doneB how was the work to be done C that was the work to be doneD how the work was to be done 19 He was never satisfied with A what she had achievedB had what she achieved C she had achievedD that she achieved 20 These photographs will show you A what does our village look like B what our village looks like C how does our village look like D how our village looks like 21 Peter insisted he pay the bill 25 A on thatB whatC thatD on which 22 They urged the library open during the vacation A whenB whereC whyD that 23 We wish we could have learned when we were at high school A what you did B that you had done C that what you did D what did you do 24 1 will describe to you I saw when there A whatB thatC which D 25 From I should say he is a good worker A what 1 know of himB that I do know of him C what do I know of himD that do I know of him 26 I will give this dictionary to wants to have it A whomever B anyoneC whoever 26 D someone 27 they will come here hasn t been decided yet A WhatB ThatC WhenD Where 28 was said here must be kept secret A Who B The thingC Whatever D Where 29 It is still a question we shall have our sports meet A ifB thatC what D when 30 I m going anyway she will go is up to her to decide A If or notB Whether or not C IfD That 31 It is strange she have left without saying a word A thatB whatC whyD how 32 It is very clear our policy is a correct one A whatB thatC why D 27 where 33 Mr Zhang said is quite right A That B WhenC WhatD Whether 34 It has been decided he will be sent there A ifB whether C whyD that 35 It doesn t matter he s come back or not A ifB whetherC thatD when 36 It s a great pity we won t be able to finish the task on time A when B thatC why D where 37 It happened I wasn t there that day A when B whyC where D that 38 you have done might do harm to other people A What B ThatC Which 28 D The things 39 leaves the room last ought to turn oft the lights A Anyone B The personC Whoever D Who 40 the 2000 Olympic Games won t be held in Beijing is known to all A Whether B IfC Whenever D That 41 fails to see this will make a big mistake A That B WhoeverC Whether D Whether or not 42 we need more equipment is quite obvious A What B WhetherC That D Whatever 43 Has it been announced A when are the planes to take offB that are the planes to take off C where are the planes to take offD when the planes are to take off 29 44 That is we all support his idea A whatB whyC whereD when 45 That s we should do A thatB whatC howD why 46 is troubling me is I don t understand he said A What that whatB What what what C That that whatD Why that which 47 Things were not they seemed to be A whenB whyC thatD what 48 That s I want to say A all whatB whatC all whichD what that 49 That s A where our differences lieB our differences lie there C where do our differences lieD that where our differences lie 50 That is 30 A where lived he thereB where did he live C where he livedD that where he lived 51 The question is A whether is it worth doingB that if it is worth doing C whether it is worth doingD if it is worth doing 52 Water will continue to be it is today next in importance to oxygen A howB whichC whatD as 53 That s A how did I become a teacherB how I became a teacher C how a teacher I becameD that I became a teacher 54 They are just A that what shall I haveB what shall I have C th