复合句复习ppt课件.ppt

MainlyRevisionofJuniorEnglish JuniorThree ComplexSentences TheComplexSentencesinJuniorEnglish 初中英语教材中涉及到的复合句主要有 TheObjectClause 宾语从句 TheAdverbialClause 状语从句 和TheAttributiveClause 定语从句 其它诸如主语从句 表语从句 同位语从句等形式的复合句尽管在教材中也有出现 但在中考中没有被列为重点考查范围 Choosetherightanswers 抢答题 1 Thevisitorwantstoknow fromDongguantoGuangzhou A howfaritisB howfarisitC howlongitisD howlongisit 2 Couldyoutellme A whoyouarewaitingforB whowereyouwaitingforC whereyoulivein 3 Doyoustillremember A thathesaidB whathesaidC whatdidhesay A A B 4 Heaskedme duringthesummerholiday A wherehadIgoneB whereIhadgoneC whereIhadbeen C TheObjectClause 宾语从句 宾语从句是英语复合句中用来充当宾语的句子 宾语从句一般由 引导词 主语 谓语 其它 构成 其语序是陈述句语序 Shesaid thatshewasfromTCL 主句引导词主语谓语 1 that 陈述句的宾语从句主句的谓语动词是say think tell know hear see feel mean hope wish remember forget等时 或主句的谓语动词是由形容词afraid glad sure sorry等作表语的系表结构时 后面常接that引导的宾语从句 例如 Hesaysthat 他想要和你通话 I msorry that 他现在不在这里that本身无意义 不充当任何成分 常被省略 hewantstospeaktoyou heisn thererightnow Note 1 宾语从句的否定转移 主句是I Wethink suppose guess believe等时 从句中的否定习惯上要转移到主句中 如 我认为鸡不会游泳 Ithinkchickenscannotswim Idon tthinkchickenscanswim 此外 上述情况在变成反意疑问句时 附加疑问句要看从句 如果主句的主语不是第一人称 则附加疑问句要看主句 试比较 Ithinkheiswrong Hethinksheisright isn the doesn the Back 2 if whether 一般疑问句的宾语从句 if whether都可作宾语从句的引导词 意为 是否 在一般情况下可以互换 if多用于口语和非正式文体中 whether则多用于比较正式的文体中 如 Sheaskedmeif whether 我是否能帮助她Idon tknowif whether 是否将要下雨 用陈述句语序 Icouldhelpher itisgoingtorain Back Note 只用whether的四种情况 2 直接与ornot连用时Idon tknowwhetherornottheywillcome 1 在介词后I mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing 3 Whether 动词不定式Checkthepricesbeforeyoudecidewhethertobuyone 4 宾语从句提前时只能用whetherWhetherthisistrueornot Ican tsay Back 3 连接代词who whom whose what which和连接副词when wherehow why 特殊疑问句的宾语从句 例如 Doyouknow 谁下午将要来Didyouhear 她说过什么吗Wedidn tknow 她将什么时候回来 Whowillcomethisafternoon whathesaid whenshewouldcomeback 连接代词 连接副词在宾语从句中充当一定的子成份 不能省略 主语 宾语 状语 二 考点 1 宾语从句的引导词 2 从句中的语序为陈述语序 3 从句中的时态与主句时态前后呼应 如 I dliketoknow ornot 2003年中考 A whetherwillhecomeB whetherhashecomeC whetherhewillcomeD thathewillcome C 关于宾语从句的时态对应 特别要注意的是当宾语从句表示的是客观真理 科学原理 自然现象 名言时 则用一般现在时 不受主句时态的限制 Hesaysthathe toseehimassoonaspossible want Hesaidthathe toseehimassoonaspossible want Theteachertoldusthattheearth roundthesun go wants wanted goes 主句从句1 一般现在时A 过去的某一种时态2 一般过去时B 根据句意选择时态 1995 2005年中考关于宾语从句的考题 1 Canyoutellmewhy yesterday 95年 A hedidn tcomeB didhenotcomeC didn thecome2 Heasked 96年 A whyshecameB whydidshecameC whyshecomes3 Iwanttoknow 97年 A whattimedoesthetrainarriveB whattimewillthetrainarriveC whattimethetrainwillarrive A A C 4 Doyoustillremember 99年 A whatdidhesayB thathesaidC whathesaid5 Excuseme Couldyoutellme 2001年 A whereisthezooB WherethezooisC wherethezoo6 Wecouldn tfindout sowegaveittotheteacher 2002年 A whosepenwasitB whosepenitwasC itwaswhosepen7 Excuseme Doyouknow I msorry I mnewhere 2005年 A WhereisthenearestbusstationB wherethenearestbusstationisC Wherethenearestbusstationwas C B B B 宾语从句小结1 引导陈述句 2 引导特殊疑问句 3 引导一般疑问句 4 宾语从句要用 语序 5 主句 从句时态要对应 that 特殊疑问词 if whether 陈述句 TheAdverbialClause 状语从句 状语从句是副词性从句 其句法功能是修饰谓语或整个句子等 在句中作状语 通常由从属连词引导 Whenyougetoffthebus youmustn tpushothers 时间状语从句 主句Mymotherwillcomeifitdoesn traintomorrow 主句 条件状语从句 1 由when while before after until assoonasnot until引导的时间状语从句 1 youmustn tpushothers 当你下车时 2 Theyhadalreadyhadbreakfast 在他们上学之前 Whenyougetoffthebus beforetheywenttoschool Theytalkedabouttheparty 在人们离开后 afterthepeopleleft 4 Iwillwait 直到他来为止 untilhecomes e g Shewon tgotobeduntilshefinishesherhomework 5 Introducedbyassoonas 表示主句发生的动作发生在从句动作之后 意为 一 就 e g MybrotherwentoutassoonasIgothome Note 在时间状语从句中 主句和从句之间的时态应按下列规律确定 1 主句一般将来时 从句用一般现在时 e g Theboywillbeawriterwhenhegrowsup 2 主句含有情态动词 从句用一般现在时 e g Whenthelightsarered thetrafficmuststop 3 主句为祈使句时 从句用一般现在时 e g Pleasedon tgotobedbeforeyoufinishyourhomework 4 主句为一般过去时 从句也用过去时态 e g IlikedreadingwhenIwasyoung B TheAdverbialClauseofPlace 地点状语从句 1 Introducedbywheree g Putthemedicinewhereyoucaneasilygetit 2 Introducedbywherevere g I llgowhereveryougo C TheAdverbialClauseofManner 方式状语从句 1 Introducedbyase g I lldoallthethingsasyoutoldme 2 Introducedbyasif though 可用陈述语气表示符合事实的情况 也可用虚拟语气表示与事实相反的情况 e g Itlooksasifit sgoingtorain Helooksasifhewereyoung 3 Introducedbythewaye g Idon tlikethewayhetalks D TheAdverbialClauseofReason 原因状语从句 1 Introducedbybecausebecause语气最强 它着重说明原因 用why提问的问句必须用because回答 不能用as since e g Whydidn thecome Becausehewasill 2 Introducedbysincesince语气比较弱 表示关系上的自然结果 尤其用于对已经清楚了的因素 常译成 既然 鉴于 通常从句放在主句前 e g Sincealotofpeoplemakemistakesinlife MrSmithwantedtogiveJohnachance 3 Introducedbyasas语气最弱 只表示一般的因果关系 从句放在主句前或后均可 e g Ashedidn tknowthemeaningoftheword helookeditupinhisdictionary Note for是并列连词 引导的句子不置于句首 是一种非直接的 随便附加说明的理由或推断 e g Theoilmustbeout forthelightwentout E TheAdverbialClauseofCondition 条件状语从句 1 条件状语从句通常由if或unless ifnot 引导 从句中常用一般时代替将来时 即if或unless后的句子谓语用一般现在时或一般过去时 但是 主句则通常用将来时 情态动词或祈使句 e g Ifhedoesn tcomeontime wewon tknowwhattoknow Hemustcomeifheistold Pleaseletmeknowifhecomesback I llgothereunlessitrains 2 If条件句的替代形式 1 祈使句 and or 陈述句 谓语动词通常用将来时态 其中 and表示句意顺承 or表示转折 意为 否则 e g Ifyouworkhard you llpasstheexameasily Workhard andyou llpasstheexameasily Ifyoudon tworkhard you llfallbehindothers Workhard oryou llfallbehindothers 2 用介词with without的替代形式 e g Ifthereisnowater thefishmaydie Fishmaydiewithoutwater Ifyouhelpme I llfinishmytaskontime Withyourhelp I llfinishmytaskontime F TheAdverbialClauseofConcession 让步状语从句 1 Introducedbythough althoughe g Thoughhetriedmanytimes hefailedtoworkitout 2 Introducedbywh evere g Whateverhesays Nomatterwhathesays don tbelievehim 3 Introducedbyevenif eventhoughe g Evenifheispoor shelovesherhusband Hemaybepoor yetsheloveshim 即使他穷了 她也仍然爱他 Eventhoughheispoor shestilllovesherhusband Heispoor yetsheloveshim 尽管他穷 但她仍然爱他 G TheAdverbialClauseofResult 结果状语从句 1 Introducedbysothate g Therearebigtreesaroundthehousesothatitcanhardlybeseenbypassers by 2 Introducedbyso that such thate g HewalkedsofastthatIcouldn tkeepupwithhim Hemadesuchagoodreportthateverybodywaspleased H TheAdverbialClauseofPurpose 目的状语从句 1 Introducedbysothate g Hegotupmuchearlierthanusualsothathecouldcatchthefirstbus 2 Introducedbyso thate g Heexplaineditsoclearlythathewantedeveryoneofustounderstandhimbetter I TheAdverbialClauseofComparison 比较状语从句 1 Introducedbyas as notso as than e g ThisquestionisnotsodifficultasIthought Thefilmismuchbetterthanweexpected 2 IntroducedbyThemore themoree g Themoreheheardthesong thelesshelikedit 状语从句中考题练兵 一 单项选择 1 Somebodyrangmeupjustnow buthehungupIcouldanswerthephone 无锡 A whenB untilC beforeD since 2 MrSmithusuallyreadsanewspaperhe swaitingforthebus 徐州 A ifB theC becauseD while 3 Youmustleaveherenowyourmothercangetsomemorerest 常州 A becauseB thoughC sothatD so 4 Themeetingisimportantthatyoumustn tmissit 盐城 A veryB suchC soD too C D C C 5 I mgoingtothesupermarket youarethere wouldyoupleasebuymesomevegetables 镇江 A IfB BecauseC WhileD After 6 Doyouknowwhathedidallday 镇江 Hespentasmuchtimeplayingashe A studyingB wasstudyingC studiedD didstudying 7 IfMginO2 weMgO anditcombinationreaction 化学变化 泰州 A willburn get callsB burns willget calledC willburn canget iscallingD burns willget iscalled 8 hetalkedwithherforalongtime hefailedtoconvince 说服 her 黄冈 A ThoughB ButC SinceD As C D D A 二 同义句改写1 Whereverheis hecanmakehimselfathome 广州 heis hecanmakehimselfathome 2 MissSmithlefthereaftertherainstopped 淮安 MissSmithleaveheretherainstopped 3 Ifyouworkhard youwillpasstheexam 盐城 andyouwillpasstheexam 4 Tomwastoohappytogettosleep 大连 Tomwashappyhecouldn t 5 Getoffthebuswhenthedrivertellsyou 宁夏 Don tgetoffthebusyou No matter where didn t until Work hard so that fall asleep until are told to 三 根据汉语提示 完成句子 1 你看的历史书籍越多 你了解的知识就越多 无锡 themoreknowledgeyou llget 2 他是一个好人 与每个人都相处的很好 常州 Heissuchakindman 3 山姆一拿到新书就迫不及待地看了起来 连云港 Samcouldn twaittoreadthenewbook 4 尽管学电脑花费许多时间 但我认为学好它还是有用的 南京 Ithinkitusefultolearncomputerwell 5 看起来要下雨了 甘肃 Itlooks Themorehistorybooksyouread thathegetsonwellwitheveryone assoonashegotit Thoughittakesmuchtime asifit sgoingtorain TheAttributiveClause 定语从句 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词 定语从句必须放在先行词之后 对其先行词起限定作用 ThisisTom Tomgaveusatalkyesterday ThisisTomwho that gaveusatalkyesterday 先行词定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词有 who whom whose that which引导定语从句的关系副词有 where when why 一 who whom whose引导的定语从句 1 who在从句中作主语 不可省略 它所引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词必须是人 e g Thisisthedoctorwhocameheryesterday 2 whom在从句中作宾语 它所引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词必须是人 可以省略 e g Theman whom yousawlastweekhasleftthetown 注意 在从句中作介词宾语时 介词一般可放在whom之前 也可放在原来的位置上 在含有介词的固定动词词组中介词只能放在原来的位置上 e g a ThemanfromwhomIborrowedthebookisLiLei ThemanwhomIborrowedthebookfromisLiLei 前句中的whom不可省略 后句中的whom可省略 b Thegirlwhomheistakingcareofisill takecareof是固定词组 3 whose在从句中作定语 表示所属关系 其所修饰的先行词既可是人也可是物 e g Iknowthewomanwhosehusbandisadoctor Helivesinthehousewhosewindowfacessouth 二 that which引导的定语从句 这两个代词均指物 它们所引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词是物 通常情况下 它们可以互换 1 that which在从句中作主语 不可省略 e g Heroisthefilmthat whichwasdirectedbyZhangYimou 2 that which在从句中作宾语 可以省略 e g Isthisthefilm that which youtalkedaboutlastweek 注意 关系代词在作介词宾语时 只能用which且不能省略 e g Thehouseinwhichheoncelivedisameeting room Thehouse which heoncelivedinisameeting room 知识拓展 引导定语从句的关系代词that和which 在一般情况下 尽管可以互换使用 但在下列情况下 只能用that 而不用which 1 先行词是复合不定代词everything anything nothing等时 e g Shedidn tforgetanything that hermotherhadtoldhertobuy 2 先行词被序数词或thelast修饰时 e g Thisisthefirsttextbook that Istudiedintheprimaryschool Heisinthelastrowthatisnexttothewindow 3 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时 e g Thatisthehighestbuilding that Ihaveeverseen 4 先行词被theonly thevery thesame等修饰时 e g Thisistheverynovel that youwanttoborrow 5 先行词是或被all no some any little much等修饰时 e g I vewrittendownall that theteacherdoesn tallowustodo Theyhaven tgotanydictionaries that weneed 6 先行词既包含人又包含物时 e g Hetoldusmanyinterestingthingsandpersons that wehadneverheard 7 主句是以who which引导的特殊疑问句时 e g Whoistheman that youspoketojustnow Whichisthebookthatwasstolenbyhim 8 先行词是主句的表语或关系代词在定语从句中作表语时 e g Chinaisnolongerthecountry that itusedtobe 三 关系副词where when why引导的定语从句 在从句中作状语 1 where表示地点 它引导的定语从句修饰表地点的先行词 e g Thisisthevillagewherehewasborn c f Thisisthevillage that which hevisitedlastyear 2 when表示时间 它引导的定语从句修饰表时间的先行词 e g I llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheLeague c f I llneverforgettheday that which wespenttogether 3 why表示原因 它引导的定语从句修饰表原因的先行词 e g Thereasonwhyhedidn tcomeyesterdayisquiteclear 定语从句专练 1 Thenumberofpeoplelosthomesreachedasmanyas250 000 A whichB whoC whomD 2 ThisisthemostbeautifulpartIhavevisited A which everB that neverC which yetD that ever 3 Mynecklaceisnottheonlythingismissing A thatB whichC whatD 4 We retalkingaboutTonny youmetyesterday A withwhoB whomC whichD that 5 IsthistheverymuseumsomeJapanesevisitorsvisitedlastWednesday A oneB whereC thatD which B D A B C 6 ThebookcoverisredisTom s A whichB thatC D whose 7 TheplaceIgrewupisabeautifultown A whichB thatC whereD fromwhich 8 Idon tthinkthenumberofpeoplethishappensisverylarge A whoB towhichC thatD towhom 9 DoyoustillrememberoneeveningaweekagoIcametoyourroomandborrowedadictionary A beforeB whichC whenD as 10 Isthatthenovelabouttheytalkedinclassyesterday A whichB thatC whoD D C D C A 宾语从句中考题练兵 一 单项选择 1 Idon tthinkhewillcomehereontime 重庆 A won theB willheC doesheD ishe 2 Willyoupleasetellme 上海 A wherePudongAirportisB howfarPudongAirportwasC howcanwegettoPudongAirportD whenwasPudongAirportbuilt 3 It snotpolitetoaskpeopleinEngland 常州 A howmuchmoneyyouhavegotB whattheweatherislikeC whatyourcitylookslikeD howoldareyou 4 Iwonderifhetonight Ifhe I llletyouknow 扬州 A willcome willcomeB comes comesC willcome comesD comes willcome B A A C 5 Ican tsayIwanttoseehimagain Wehaven tseeneachotherfornearlythreeyear