英语标点的用法

l Apostrophe 上标点上标点 2 Comma 逗号 3 Colon 冒号 4 Dash 破折号 5 Exclamation Point 惊叹号 6 Hyphen 连字符 7 Parentheses 括号 8 Period 句号 9 Question Mark 问号 C lO Quotation Marks 引号 11 Semicolon 分号 l2 Triple Dots 删节号 现将各种标点符号的用法分别说明如后 l 上标点 l 表示字母的省略 Can t you read those road signs 2 表示数字的省略 Today is Thursday June 1 89 3 表示字母的复数 There are five s s in sleeplessness 4 表示单字的复数 Our teacher told us not to use so many so s 5 表示数字的复数 Her 7 s and 9 s look alike 6 表示所有格 It s Vice Burn s umbrella 2 逗号逗号 1 用在以 and but for nor or so yet 等连接词连接的两个主要子句之间 My father is fond of fishing but my mother prefers hiking 2 在复合句中 如果附属子句在前 主要子句在后 用在附属子句之后 While I was making a telephone call someone knocked at my door 注意 如果主要子句在前 则不用逗号 3 用以分开非限制形容词子句与主要子句 Her father who is a famous scholar teaches English 4 用以分开非限制同位语 Kent Howard my English teacher is from America 5 用在 yes no well 等字之后 a Yes he is a hard working student b No it is impossible c Well you may go if you insist 6 向人说话时 用在对方名字或称谓之后 之前或前后 a John come here b Open the door John c It is Sir not my fault 7 用以分开引用句 a You are beautiful he said b Our teacher said Freedom is not license c No she said I was just testing your patience 8 用以分开星期 月日 年份 On Sunday May 28 1989 her first child was born 9 用以分开地名 省名 国名 街道名 巷弄名等 Candy lives at 4 Alley 10 Lane 76 Ching Hua Street Section 4 Taipei Taiwan 10 用以分开一系列的单字 词组或子句 a Her mother sells tomatoes potatoes and peaches b She ran up the stairs across the porch and into the house c We all agreed that she was beautiful that she was intelligent and that she was ambitious 11 用以表示字的省略 The lion is the symbol of courage the lamb of meekness the lamb is the symbol of meekness 12 用在 such as 及 especially 的前面 a They enjoy outdoor sports such as hiking and riding b He likes all extracurricular activities especially basketball playing 13 用以分开 乃此非彼 的结构 He wanted to see Cliff not Steve 14 用在追问句之前 It is warm today isn t it 3 冒号冒号 1 用在解释或逐项列举之前 在 as follows the following as these 或 given below 之后 a I bought the following articles sheets towels and blankets b The table lamp consists of three parts a stand a bulb and a shade 2 用在正式或事务信函中称谓之后 Dear Sir Dear Mr Reagan Gentlemen 注意 在非正式或交际信函中称谓之后用逗号 Dear Mary Dear John 3 用在数字之后 表示时间 Our class starts at 8 10 a m and ends at 12 00 noon 4 用在较长的引用句或正式问句之前 a This is my favorite quotation It is difficult to say what is impossible for the dream of yesterday is the hope of today and reality of tomorrow b The question is What can we do for our country 5 用在讲释第一个主要子句的第二个主要句子之前 Her intention is obvious she wants to marry him 4 破折号破折号 1 表示犹豫 句意的暂时中断 或思想的突然中断 a I I don t know You d better ask her b The entire teaching facilities console tapes earphones and tape recorders were stolen last night c I ll give let s see what can I give 2 用以强调同位语 She has only one interest food 3 用在结语之前 Professor Chu collects postage stamps coins sea shells matchboxes in short anything that interests him 4 用在未完成句之后 She said He was everything to me but 5 惊叹号惊叹号 1 用在以强烈情感说出的字句之后 a What a surprise b How beautiful a girl she is c What a beautiful girl she is 2 用在祈使句之后 a Help My house is on fire b Be quiet 6 连字句连字句 1 用以表示分数或连接由 21 至 99 中的十位数及个位数 a Three fourths of the freshman students are girls b There are twenty two boy student and ninety eight girl students in the Department of English 2 用在行末连接分写的单字 He is a graduate student of National Chengchi Uni versity 3 用以连接复合字中的各字 We had a heart to heart talk last night 7 括号括号 用来在句中附加评论或解释 I saw the two students they are lovers kissing each other 8 句号句号 1 用在叙述句 祈使句及礼貌问句之后 a I wish to enter an ideal university b Turn in your papers please c Will you please send me a copy of your university catalogue 2 用在间接问句之后 She asked if you would come to her birthday party 3 用在缩写名字和其他字的第一个字母之后 或缩写字之后 a Prof W W Wang has returned to Taipei b Dr Tang earned his Ph D degree from Georgetown University in Washington D C District of Columbia 9 问号问号 1 用在直接问句之后 Do you find English writing difficult 2 用在括号中表示存疑 Chaucer was born in 1340 and died in 1400 10 引号引号 1 用在引用句的前后 a Our teacher said All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy b I don t like her she explained because she is far too proud 2 如果引用句本身是叙述句而且位在一个问句之后 必须先用引号 再用问号 Did he say I am going to college next year 如果引用句本身是问句 则必须先用问号 再用引号 Did he say Are you going to college next year 3 引用文句有两段或两段以上时 只在每一段开始时和最后一段结束时用引号 Mom and Dad did not come home with them because Sunday was parents day off the boys did the housework and cooked the meal of the week while Father and Mother stayed on for church service But by the time diner was ready the boy had climbed into bed The shoe had to be cut off his swollen and discolored leg Why on earth hadn t he told somebody Go quick and fetch the doctor 4 引用句中另有引用句时 用单引号表示 She said I quite agree to the saying To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness on earth 注意 美式英文中 双引号在外 单引号在内 英式英文中恰好相反 11 分号分号 1 用以连接两个或两个以上的主要子句 a The singular form is mouse the plural form is mice b she made up her mind she laid her plans she began her trip 2 用在连接两个主要子句的连接副词 consequently however moreover nevertheless so still then therefore thus etc 之前 He did not pass the examination therefore he was unhappy 3 用在连接两个主要子句的连接词 and but or nor for 之前 当主要子句本身有逗 号时 Henry a freshman lives at home but Karl his brother does not 12 删节号删节号 用以表示引用句中省略的文字 如删节号用在句尾 另加原句句尾的标点符号 In his essay LUCK Winston Churchill wrote The longer one lives the more one realizes that everything depends upon chance a man s own contribution to his life story is continually by an external superior power 注意 英文中表示 等等 用 etc 而不是用删节号 另外 需要注意以下情况另外 需要注意以下情况 1 没有标点符号难以了解的例句 没有标点符号难以了解的例句 a After eating the child left the table 乍看起来 好像是 吃完那小孩以后 有了 标点符号之后的句子是 After eating the child left the table 吃完之后 那小孩离开了餐桌 b Inside the dog was growling 乍看起来 好像是 那只狗的肚子里在咆哮 有了 标点符号之后的句子是 Inside the dog was