大学英语-课件1：unit7读写译.ppt

Unit7 SectionA FacetoFacewithGunsSectionB ShouldIHaveaGun LearningObjectives 1 Violencecrime Explorethepossiblereasons typicalforms andtheconstructivesolutions oralworkbasedonunderstandingofthepassages 2 Presentationofdetails Notethewriterpresentsit sdetailswithasetofsequentialactionstobringoutthemainideaorthemostimportantmessage Writing 3 Criticalreading Readingbetweenthelinestounderstandtheauthor sviewdespitetheirindirectexpressing 4 English ChineseTranslationskills Understanding expressingandmeaning translation Brainstorming Workingroupsandmakealistofwordsassociatedwithcrimes theft robbery murder smuggling rape arson corruption gambling drugabuse mugging bribery prostitution etc RecognizeDifferentGuns Pistol Airgun Shotgun Rifle Sniperrifle Machinegun Submachinegun Revolver Pre readingactivity 1 Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofgun availableinAmerica Giveyourreasons 2 Whatdoyouthinkareeffectivewaystopreventhouserobberies 3 Whatdoyouthinkareeffectivewaystopreventhouserobberies 1 Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofgun availableinAmerica Giveyourreasons Pre readingactivity Firstgunscanprotectmefrombeinghurtbyothers butseconditismoreeasilytobehurtbygun holders Forexample robberywithguns Gunisaknifewithtwoblades Sometimeswecanbenefitfromitbutsometimeswearevictimsanditisonereasonoftheinstabilityofthesociety Poverty unemployment highdivorcerate lackofknowledgeoflaws racialdiscrimination juveniledelinquency generationgap etc Pre readingactivity 2 Whatarethecausesofsocialcrimes 3 Whatdoyouthinkareeffectivewaystopreventhouserobberies Youcaninstallanalarmsystem hirestrongguardsandrememberthepolicephonenumber sometimesyoucanraiseadogathomeifpossible Theyarebitbybitdestroyingthebasicideasweholddear ourfreedomtomoveabout thefruitsoflabor ourlivesandthoseofpeoplewevalue ComprehensionQuestions 1 WhatdidthewriterdowhilehewasputtingtheKFCboxontheplanterbesidethepathway Hemanagedtothrowhishousekeysintoabush 2 Whyaremostvictimsofarmedattacksunabletoidentifytheiroffendersaccordingtothewriter Becausetheyfocustheirattentiononthegunsratherthanontheirusersduringtheencounter 3 Whatdamagedotheseyoungmendotooursocietyaccordingtothewriter Introduction TextStructure Hisreaction Hisexperience Hisreflection Para 1 HemetayoungrobberwhenhewalkedoutofthegaragewithKFCchickeninhishand Paras 2 25 Hewasrobbedsuddenlybuttherobbersdidn tkillhimbecausetheysawfood Paras 26 30 Hephonedthepolicestation Paras 31 34 Hecalleduponthewholesocietytofindoutthedepthsofyouthcrimesandpreventfromtheircrimes 1 But asIwalkedoutofthegarage KFCchickeninhand aportly unshavenyoungmaninastockingcapanddarknylonjacketemergedfromtheshrubbytheparkingpadandputhispistolbetweenmyeyes Line2 KFCchickeninhand 是独立主格结构作伴随状语 emergefrom comeintoview comeout from 出现 名词或代词 介词短语 是一种独立主格结构 幸运的是他从这次事故中侥幸脱险没有受伤 Luckily heemergedfromtheaccidentunharmed 仔细调查后出现了新的证据 Newevidenceemergedfromthecarefulinvestigation Grammar 如果分词的逻辑主语不是句子的主语而自己拥有主语时 这种结构称作独立结构 AbsoluteConstruction 亦称独立主格结构 NominativeAbsoluteConstruction 独立结构主要表示伴随状况和动作 还可以表示时间 原因和条件等 e g Hesattheresilently hisheadbending 他坐在那里一言不发 头低着 表示状态 IhadaninterviewwiththeJapanese Mr Zhaoactingasinterpreter Theyoungpeoplewantedtofight theirsleevesrolledup 我和那日本人有个会见 赵先生充当口译 表动作 那群年轻人挽起袖子想打架 表伴随 Completethefollowingsentences Theteachercameintotheclassroom 老师手里拿着试卷走进教室 Hecameoutofthelibrary 他夹着本厚书 走出了图书馆 3 Heshoutedwithexcitementforthesuccessoftheoperation 手术成功了 他兴奋地叫着 眼里含着眼泪 theexaminationpaperinhand alargebookunderhisarm tearsinhiseyes 1 ThereisamanatthereceptiondeskwhoseemsveryangryandIthinkhemeans trouble AmakingBtomakeCtohavemadeDhavingmade 2 Somanydirectors theboardmeetinghadtobeputoff AwereabsentBbeeabsentChadbeenabsentDbeingabsent 3 Allflights becauseoftheterribleweather theyhadtogotherebytrain AhavingbeencanceledBhadbeencanceledChavingcanceledDwerecanceled D A B GrammarExercise 4 Herparents shefeltlonelyinsuchabighouse AgoingabroadBhadbeengoneabroadChavingbeengoneabroadDhavinggoneabroad 5 Theydetectedgoldandotherpreciousmetalswithamachine undertheground AplacingBplaceCplacedDbeingplaced D D 2 Hisdarkeyesshonelikepolishedglass hisarmsandlegsmovedunexpectedly asifattachedtounseenwires Line22 asif 引导的状语从句中使用了虚拟语气 此处省略了 theywere asif 意为 好像 似乎 当它表示明知事实真相 却说与事实不同的情况时句子应该使用虚拟语气 整句话由两个并列分句构成 e g 汤姆看起来很镇静 就好像他说的是真的 Tomlookscalmandsteadyasif hewere tellingthetruth 我清楚地记得所有的一切 就好像昨天发生的一样 Irememberthewholethingclearly asif it happenedyesterday 年轻人跳了起来 就好像被从梦中惊醒 Theyoungmanjumpedtohisfeet asif hewere awakenedfromadream 1 Passengersshouldattachalabeltotheirluggagebeforesendingit 托运之前乘客们必须在行李上贴上标签 2 Weshouldattachprimaryimportancetothedevelopmentofeconomy 我们要把发展经济的工作放在第一位 3 Pro Smithwasattachedtothemedicalcollegeasaguestprofessorfortwoyears 史密斯教授在医学院当了两年的客座教授 attachto fixsth tosth jointo连接 上 系上 attachto 在不同句中为不同意思 翻译时需要注意 I veseenenoughcriminaltrialstoknowvictimsofarmedattacksareseldomabletoidentifytheiroffendersbecausetheirattentionfocusesontheguns ratherthanontheirusers Line25 ratherthan insteadof incontrastto 是 而不是 宁可 而不愿 e g 休息放松时 我想看轻松的节目而不是严肃的节目 我喜欢在家看电视而不愿去电影院 与其让蔬菜烂掉 他宁可半价卖了 Whenrelaxingmyself Iwanttoseefunnyprogramsratherthanseriousones IprefertostayathometowatchTVratherthantogotomovies Ratherthanallowthevegetablestogobad hesoldthemathalfprice 4 Ihadbeenspared butbywhat Mercy Ashortattentionspan Hunger Line42 Ifapersonis spared heisnotharmed althoughsomeoneorsomethingthreatenedhimorharmedotherpeople e g Wehavelosteverything butthankGod ourliveshavebeenspared 我们失去了一切 可是感谢上帝 我们保住了性命 Spare canbealsousedinthesenseof affordtogive Iforgottobringanymoneyforlunch Canyousparethreedollars 我忘记带午饭钱了 你能给我三美元吗 Span n thefulltimeforwhichanythinglastsOveraspanof5years alotofhigh riseshavebeenbuiltinShanghai youcanhardlyidentifythecitynow 在五年中 上海建起了许多高楼 你现在几乎认不出这个城市了 5 Howpeculiar Ithought tohaveyourlifesavedbyfriedchicken Isaweternity theysawfood Line43 haveyourlifesaved 是havesth done结构 直译为 使某事被做 这里的done是过去分词 过去分词通常是表过去 被动 C havesb dosth 让某人做某事 havesb doingsth 让某人一直做某事 TheengineinTom scarcouldn tberepaired sohehadto anewengine fit 2 A Whataretheseworkmendoinginyourgarden B Oh Iam aswimming pool build 3 I myhair cut haveanewenginefitted havingaswimming poolbuilt havemyhaircut 6 Hesaidthepair smethodssuggestedtheymightbethesamemenwhohadcommittedanumberofrobberiesintheareaoverthepastfewmonths Line50 当suggest意为 建议 时后常用虚拟语气 should 动词原型 此处意为 说明 表明 引导的从句不用虚拟语气 1 信封的形状说明信可能是一位女士所寄 Theshapeoftheenvelopesuggestedthatthelettermightbefromalady 2 他的态度说明他对这次英语演讲比赛非常重视 HisattitudesuggestedthatheattachedgreatimportancetothisEnglishspeechcontest 3 他建议我们马上出发 Hesuggestedus should startoutatonce 7 Together theseyoungmenareakindofriver onethatisoutofcontrol eatingatthefoundationsofthingsweholddear Line59 theseyoungmenareakindofriver 此处作者用了隐喻的手法 把那些年轻人比作一条失去控制的河流 比喻是写作中的常用手法 分为明喻 simile 和暗喻 暗喻或隐喻 metaphor 往往不使用 like as 等词 通过比喻可以使文章显得生动形象 1 Agoodbookisagoodfriend 好书是益友 2 Experienceisthebestteacher 经验是最好的老师 3 Alltheworldisastage andallthemenandwomenmerelyplayers WilliamShakespeare 整个世界是座舞台 男男女女 演员而已 4 Educationisnotthefillingofapail butthelightingofafire WilliamB Yeats 教育不是注满一桶水 而是点燃一把火 汉译英并指出暗喻部分 metaphor metaphor metaphor metaphor 1 FacetofacewithGuns Title facetoface closetoandlookingatsomeoneorsomething 课堂授课是与学生面对面交流的一种方式 Classroominstructionisonewaytocommunicatefacetofacewithstudents 2 FacetoFaceisawell receivedTVprograminCCTV NewsChannel 面对面 是中央电视台新闻频道一档深受欢迎的节目 2 Thatnightwasnoexception Line2 exception n apersonorthingthatisnotincluded 1 大多数儿童都喜欢看 哈里 波特 系列读物 但比尔是个例外 MostchildrenpreferreadingHarryPotterseries butBillisanexception 2 所有新鲜蔬菜无一例外含有丰富的维生素C AllfreshvegetablescontainsomevitaminCwithnoexception 3 Where syourmoney Where syourmoney hebarked Line9 bark n 1 theoutsideofatree2 thesoundproducedbyadogv speaktosomeoneinaloudvoicewithanangryoraggressivetonethatsoundslikeadogbarking Teacher Whatdoyoucalltheoutsideofatree Tom Student Sorry Idon tknow sir Teacher Bark boy bark Student Bowwowwow 4 Everythinghesaidduringourencounterwasrepeated instinctively Ididthesame Line9 instinctively ad withoutthinkingandwithouthavingbeingtaught 地震发生时 人们的本能反应是跑出那幢大楼 1 Whentheearthquakeoccurred people sinstinctiveresponsewastorunoutofthebuilding 2 Almostalltheanimalsprotecttheiryounginstinctively 几乎所有动物都本能地保护幼兽 3 Justbeforethecollision heburiedhisfaceintohishandsbyinstinct 碰撞发生前 他本能地以手掩面 5 Here Ireplied extendingmyleftarmsideways Line19 extend v reachout lengthen 1 Onegestureistoextendarmshorizontally 一种手势是将双臂平伸 2 Thisminibusroutewillsoonbeextendedtothenewresidentialarea 这条小巴线路很快将延伸到新住宅区 3 Hegetshisvisaextended 他续签签证 辨析 Distinguishthewordswithsimilarmeanings 1 Thecomputercompanyquickly 2 Howcouldyouthecomputersales 3 Hehishand andMartinshookit C enlarge makesize area volume capacity etc largerincrease growinnumber power wealth etc expand becomeormakelargerinvolume Pleasefillintheblankswith extend enlarge expand or increase 4 Couldyougetthispicture expanded increase extended enlarged 辨析 Sampleparagraphfromthepassage para 28 Igottomyfeet foundthekeys enteredandcalled911 Theoperatortookadescriptionoftherobbersandsentapolicecar Ipouredastiffdrinkand soon twouniformedofficersoftheLAPDarrived Theytookareportandadmittedthe importantthing wasnobodywashurt ASetofSequentialActions Whatisthedifferencebetweenthewritingofsequentialactionsandthatoftimesequence Theirdifferenceisthatsequentialactionslaystressonasetofactionswhiletimesequenceemphasizesthetimeorderoftenwithtimesignals Thesetofactionsleadingtothemainidea Icalled911 theoperatortookadescriptionandsentapolicecar soon twouniformedofficersarrived theytookareport Attention Sequentialactionsarenormallysetupinorderofimportanceandthelastonenormallyismostimportanttothemessagethewriterwantstoexpress Mainidea Hereportedtothepolice Homework Writeoneshortparagraphtitled Iwonagoldmedalfordiving pp 158 SectionBShouldIHaveaGun ReadingSkills ReadingBetweenthelines Readingbetweenthelinesmeansdrawingunderstandingabouttheauthor sideasfromwhatiswrittenandfromwhatisnotwritten Writersdon talwaysexpressalltheirthoughtsopenly eitherasamatterofstyle orbecausetheyassumeweknowandsharetheiropinions orbecausetheyaren tsurehowtoexpressthemselves Todrawinferencesabouttheauthor swehavetobeverycarefulwithwhatisadvisedinthefollowing Readingskills a Youhavetomakeuseofcontextclues commonsenseandyouknowledgeoftheworld b Connectideasandd